2
NU551 UNIT 3 Exam with accurate detailed solutions || || || || || || ||
Central Nervous System - ✔✔Consists of the brain and spinal cord, enclosed within protective
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
cranial vault and vertebrae
|| || ||
Different pathways in the peripheral nervous system? - ✔✔Afferent (ascending) - carry sensory
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
impulses toward CNS || ||
Efferent (descending) - innervate skeletal muscle or effector organs by transmitting motor
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
impulses away from CNS || || ||
Somatic Nervous System - ✔✔Pathways that regulate voluntary motor control
|| || || || || || || || ||
Autonomic Nervous System - ✔✔Regulation of the body's internal environment (viscera)
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
through involuntary control of organs
|| || || ||
Further divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic
|| || || || ||
Two cells that constitute nervous tissue? - ✔✔Neurons
|| || || || || || ||
Nonneuronal neuroglial cells || ||
Neuron - ✔✔primary cell of the nervous system
|| || || || || || ||
electrically excitable cell and transmits and receives information
|| || || || || || ||
Neurological Cells - ✔✔provide structural support, protection, and nutrition for neurons
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
,2
facilitate neurotransmission ||
3 parts of a neuron - ✔✔cell body, dendrites, axon
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Cell Body - ✔✔•Mostly located in the CNS
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•Cell bodies in the PNS are found in groups called ganglia
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Ganglia - ✔✔Clusters of cell bodies in the PNS
|| || || || || || || ||
Dendrites - ✔✔Extensions that carry nerve impulses toward the cell body
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Axons - ✔✔long conductive projections that carry nerve impulses away from the cell body
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Axon Hillock - ✔✔Cone shaped region of an axon where it joins the cell body.
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Myelin Sheath - ✔✔Membrane made of a lipid material called myelin
|| || || || || || || || || ||
May wrap around the axon
|| || || ||
Nodes of Ranvier - ✔✔Gaps in the myelin sheath to which voltage-gated sodium channels are
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
confined.
Myelin - ✔✔Produced by Schwann Cells|| || || || ||
Nutrient exchange is not possible through myelin sheath\
|| || || || || || ||
Acts as an insulator that allows an action potential to leap between segments rather than flowing
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
along the entire length of the membrane
|| || || || || ||
, 2
Disorders of the myelin sheath - ✔✔MS || || || || || ||
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ||
Four basic types of cell configuration - ✔✔Unipolar
|| || || || || || ||
Pseudounipolar
Bipolar
Multipolar
Unipolar Neurons - ✔✔One process, an axon, which branches shortly after leaving the cell body
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
EX: retina ||
Pseudounipolar Neurons - ✔✔Have one axon process and one dendrite process. The are fused to || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
each other near the cell body and the axon then extends into the CNS
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Bipolar Neurons - ✔✔Two processes, one axon and one dendrite
|| || || || || || || || || ||
EX connects rod and cone cells of retina
|| || || || || || ||
Multipolar Neurons - ✔✔Most common and have multiple processes capable of extensive
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
branching
3 Functional Classifications of Neurons - ✔✔Sensory - carry impulses from peripheral sensor
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
receptors to CNS || ||
Associational - transmit impulses from neuron to neuron || || || || || || ||
Motor - transmit pulses away from the CNS to an effector
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Neurolgia - ✔✔nerve glue || || ||
general classifcation of nonneuonal cells that support he neurons of the nervous system
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
NU551 UNIT 3 Exam with accurate detailed solutions || || || || || || ||
Central Nervous System - ✔✔Consists of the brain and spinal cord, enclosed within protective
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
cranial vault and vertebrae
|| || ||
Different pathways in the peripheral nervous system? - ✔✔Afferent (ascending) - carry sensory
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
impulses toward CNS || ||
Efferent (descending) - innervate skeletal muscle or effector organs by transmitting motor
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
impulses away from CNS || || ||
Somatic Nervous System - ✔✔Pathways that regulate voluntary motor control
|| || || || || || || || ||
Autonomic Nervous System - ✔✔Regulation of the body's internal environment (viscera)
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
through involuntary control of organs
|| || || ||
Further divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic
|| || || || ||
Two cells that constitute nervous tissue? - ✔✔Neurons
|| || || || || || ||
Nonneuronal neuroglial cells || ||
Neuron - ✔✔primary cell of the nervous system
|| || || || || || ||
electrically excitable cell and transmits and receives information
|| || || || || || ||
Neurological Cells - ✔✔provide structural support, protection, and nutrition for neurons
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
,2
facilitate neurotransmission ||
3 parts of a neuron - ✔✔cell body, dendrites, axon
|| || || || || || || || ||
Cell Body - ✔✔•Mostly located in the CNS
|| || || || || || ||
•Cell bodies in the PNS are found in groups called ganglia
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Ganglia - ✔✔Clusters of cell bodies in the PNS
|| || || || || || || ||
Dendrites - ✔✔Extensions that carry nerve impulses toward the cell body
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Axons - ✔✔long conductive projections that carry nerve impulses away from the cell body
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Axon Hillock - ✔✔Cone shaped region of an axon where it joins the cell body.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Myelin Sheath - ✔✔Membrane made of a lipid material called myelin
|| || || || || || || || || ||
May wrap around the axon
|| || || ||
Nodes of Ranvier - ✔✔Gaps in the myelin sheath to which voltage-gated sodium channels are
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
confined.
Myelin - ✔✔Produced by Schwann Cells|| || || || ||
Nutrient exchange is not possible through myelin sheath\
|| || || || || || ||
Acts as an insulator that allows an action potential to leap between segments rather than flowing
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
along the entire length of the membrane
|| || || || || ||
, 2
Disorders of the myelin sheath - ✔✔MS || || || || || ||
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ||
Four basic types of cell configuration - ✔✔Unipolar
|| || || || || || ||
Pseudounipolar
Bipolar
Multipolar
Unipolar Neurons - ✔✔One process, an axon, which branches shortly after leaving the cell body
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
EX: retina ||
Pseudounipolar Neurons - ✔✔Have one axon process and one dendrite process. The are fused to || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
each other near the cell body and the axon then extends into the CNS
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Bipolar Neurons - ✔✔Two processes, one axon and one dendrite
|| || || || || || || || || ||
EX connects rod and cone cells of retina
|| || || || || || ||
Multipolar Neurons - ✔✔Most common and have multiple processes capable of extensive
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
branching
3 Functional Classifications of Neurons - ✔✔Sensory - carry impulses from peripheral sensor
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
receptors to CNS || ||
Associational - transmit impulses from neuron to neuron || || || || || || ||
Motor - transmit pulses away from the CNS to an effector
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Neurolgia - ✔✔nerve glue || || ||
general classifcation of nonneuonal cells that support he neurons of the nervous system
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
