HTHRHSC 3500- Exam 2 With Complete Solutions
Fertilization - ANSWER Process by which gametes come together to form the
zygote, occurs in the fallopian tube
Dizygotic Twins - ANSWER Fraternal twins, fertilized at the same time by 2
different sperm, twins are no more alike than siblings, hereditary, more common
than identical twins
West African>Caucasian>Asian - ANSWER Dizygotic Twins occur more
commonly in different ethnicities- (order from most common to least)
Monozygotic Twins - ANSWER Identical twins, fertilized egg splits in half, not
hereditary, zygotes share identical DNA
Semi-Identical Twins - ANSWER 2 sperm fertilize the same egg, then the zygote
splits apart
IVF (in vitro fertilization) - ANSWER Why has their been a rise in multiple births in
modern day?
Sex Chromosomes - ANSWER What determines gender?
Epigenesis - ANSWER a gene is activated where it is supposed to be activated
and only where it is supposed to be activated- can lead to disease or death if
activated where it is not supposed to be
Allele - ANSWER form of the gene (A,a)
Dominant allele - ANSWER Only one allele has to be present for the trait to be
expressed
Recessive Gene - ANSWER Must have both alleles for the trait to be expressed
Homozygous - ANSWER Alleles are the same
Heterozygous - ANSWER Alleles are different
Polygenetic Inheritance - ANSWER one characteristic is controlled by two or
more genes (height, eye color, skin color, weight)
Genotype - ANSWER Gene
Phenotype - ANSWER Physical expression of the gene
, Canalization - ANSWER requires extreme change in environment; genotype is
going to be expressed the same way regardless of environment
passive correlation - ANSWER Parent enforces decisions on what the child
should do, child has no control
Reactive/Evocative Correlations - ANSWER Parents wait to see what child
shows promise at and helps them pursue the talent
Active Correlation - ANSWER children extend their experiences beyond the
immediate family are given the freedom to make more choices, they actively
seek environments that fit with their genetic tendencies
Biological mother - ANSWER Intelligence is most closely linked to the ...
Gestation - ANSWER time between conception and birth, 40 weeks of
development
Germinal Stage (2 weeks) - ANSWER Fertilization- implantation of egg in uterus,
mitosis, germ layers form, amniotic sac (protection for fetus), placenta and
umbilical cord (connects fetus to uterine wall, provides nutrients)
Embryonic Stage (2-8 Weeks) - ANSWER Rapid growth and development, most
likely time for spontaneous abortion (miscarriage- boys more likely than girls)
Fetal Stage (8 weeks- Birth) - ANSWER Increased differentiation, systems
become more specialized, growth, ultrasounds to check on growth, fetal
response to mother
Teratogenic Factors - ANSWER Things you can do to cause birth defects
Nutrition during pregnancy - ANSWER Eat 300-500 extra calories, gain 16-40
pounds, take prenatal vitamins (folic acid-Red blood cell development and DHA-
develops nervous system)
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - ANSWER Characteristic physical look, developmental
and cognitive delays, caused by intake of alcohol when baby is in utero
Marijuana, Methamphetamines - ANSWER Taking these drugs can lead to
delivery of a low birth weight baby
Cocaine - ANSWER Taking this drug can lead to cardiac defects and
neurological problems
Fertilization - ANSWER Process by which gametes come together to form the
zygote, occurs in the fallopian tube
Dizygotic Twins - ANSWER Fraternal twins, fertilized at the same time by 2
different sperm, twins are no more alike than siblings, hereditary, more common
than identical twins
West African>Caucasian>Asian - ANSWER Dizygotic Twins occur more
commonly in different ethnicities- (order from most common to least)
Monozygotic Twins - ANSWER Identical twins, fertilized egg splits in half, not
hereditary, zygotes share identical DNA
Semi-Identical Twins - ANSWER 2 sperm fertilize the same egg, then the zygote
splits apart
IVF (in vitro fertilization) - ANSWER Why has their been a rise in multiple births in
modern day?
Sex Chromosomes - ANSWER What determines gender?
Epigenesis - ANSWER a gene is activated where it is supposed to be activated
and only where it is supposed to be activated- can lead to disease or death if
activated where it is not supposed to be
Allele - ANSWER form of the gene (A,a)
Dominant allele - ANSWER Only one allele has to be present for the trait to be
expressed
Recessive Gene - ANSWER Must have both alleles for the trait to be expressed
Homozygous - ANSWER Alleles are the same
Heterozygous - ANSWER Alleles are different
Polygenetic Inheritance - ANSWER one characteristic is controlled by two or
more genes (height, eye color, skin color, weight)
Genotype - ANSWER Gene
Phenotype - ANSWER Physical expression of the gene
, Canalization - ANSWER requires extreme change in environment; genotype is
going to be expressed the same way regardless of environment
passive correlation - ANSWER Parent enforces decisions on what the child
should do, child has no control
Reactive/Evocative Correlations - ANSWER Parents wait to see what child
shows promise at and helps them pursue the talent
Active Correlation - ANSWER children extend their experiences beyond the
immediate family are given the freedom to make more choices, they actively
seek environments that fit with their genetic tendencies
Biological mother - ANSWER Intelligence is most closely linked to the ...
Gestation - ANSWER time between conception and birth, 40 weeks of
development
Germinal Stage (2 weeks) - ANSWER Fertilization- implantation of egg in uterus,
mitosis, germ layers form, amniotic sac (protection for fetus), placenta and
umbilical cord (connects fetus to uterine wall, provides nutrients)
Embryonic Stage (2-8 Weeks) - ANSWER Rapid growth and development, most
likely time for spontaneous abortion (miscarriage- boys more likely than girls)
Fetal Stage (8 weeks- Birth) - ANSWER Increased differentiation, systems
become more specialized, growth, ultrasounds to check on growth, fetal
response to mother
Teratogenic Factors - ANSWER Things you can do to cause birth defects
Nutrition during pregnancy - ANSWER Eat 300-500 extra calories, gain 16-40
pounds, take prenatal vitamins (folic acid-Red blood cell development and DHA-
develops nervous system)
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - ANSWER Characteristic physical look, developmental
and cognitive delays, caused by intake of alcohol when baby is in utero
Marijuana, Methamphetamines - ANSWER Taking these drugs can lead to
delivery of a low birth weight baby
Cocaine - ANSWER Taking this drug can lead to cardiac defects and
neurological problems
