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What increases surface area of small intestines
Intestinal villi
What is the purpose of intestinal villi?
increasing surface area to absorb more nutrients
The shortest section of the small intestine.
duodenum
The longest section of the small intestines
Ileum
Section of small intestine with only receptors for Vit B12 and bile salts
Ileum
,Junction from small intestine and large intestines
Ileocecal valve
Two movements of the small intestines
Mixing and propulsive movement
Mixing movement of small intestines
Churns food but also slightly propels it
Propulsive movements
Primary push of the food through the alimentary canal towards the anus but
also spreads it out for allowing the digestive enzymes to mix with it
Mixing movements
Also known as the segmental contractions
Mixing movements main function
To churn the chyme with intestinal enzymes and mechanically break down
some particles
Segmental contractions do what?
Enhance the amount of time the chyme is exposed to the villi for absorption
,Peristaltic waves
Wave-like motions with a movement from the upper to the lower GI system
Large intestines
AKA colon; begins at ileocecal valve and ends at anus
measurements of the large intestine
Colon is 5-6 ft in length, 2.5-5.5 cm in diameter, largest at the cecum
Functions of the large intestines
Fecal material formation, fluid absorption
What makes up fecal waste
Bile pigment, mucus, undigested fats, cellulose, protein, desquamated cells,
electrolytes, water, undigested foods
What exists in the colon and not in the small intestine and is responsible for odor
of fecal materials
bacteria
sections of large intestine in order
cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon,
rectum
, What makes up gas in body
Swallowed air and bacteria in colon
Types of movement of large intestines
Peristaltic movement, segmental movement, and mass movement
Peristaltic movement
Pushes the fecal material through the colon
Segmental movements
Provides continuous motion that allows for continuous absorption of water
and electrolytes