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EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG EXAMINATION
ACTUAL VERIFIED EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE THIS
YEAR||NEWEST EXAM!!!
The nurse is caring for a client with a fractured right elbow.
Which assessment finding has the highest priority and
requires immediate intervention?
A. Ecchymosis over the right elbow area
B. Deep unrelenting pain in the right arm
C. An edematous right elbow
D. The presence of crepitus in the right elbow - Answer-
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:Compartment syndrome is a condition involving
increased pressure and constriction of the nerves and
vessels within an anatomic compartment, causing pain
uncontrolled by opioids and neurovascular compromise.
Option A is an expected finding. Option C related to
compartment syndrome cannot be seen, and any visible
edema is an expected finding related to the injury. Option
D is an expected finding.
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The nurse notes that a client who is scheduled for surgery
the next morning has an elevated blood urea nitrogen
(BUN) level. Which condition is most likely to have
contributed to this finding?
A. Myocardial infarction 2 months ago
B. Anorexia and vomiting for the past 2 days
C.Recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
D. Skeletal traction for a right hip fracture - Answer-Correct
Answer: B
Rationale:The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level indicates
the effectiveness of the kidneys in filtering waste from the
blood. Dehydration, which could be caused by vomiting,
would cause an increased BUN level. Option A would
affect serum enzyme levels, not the BUN level. Option C
would primarily affect the blood glucose level; renal failure
that could increase the BUN level would be unlikely in a
client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Effects of
option D might affect the complete blood count (CBC) but
would not directly increase the BUN level.
Which instruction is best for the nurse to provide to a client
with emphysema and chronic fatigue?
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A."Pace your activities and schedule rest periods."
B."Increase the amount of oxygen you use at night."
C."Obtain medical evaluation for antibiotic therapy."
D."Reduce your intake of fluids containing caffeine." -
Answer-Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Manifestations of emphysema include an
increase in AP diameter (referred to as a barrel chest), nail
bed clubbing, and fatigue. The nurse can provide
instructions to promote energy management, such as
pacing activities and scheduling rest periods. Option B
may result in a decreased drive to breathe. The client is
not exhibiting any symptoms of infection, so option C is
not necessary. Option D is less beneficial than option A.
Which nursing action would be appropriate for a client who
is newly diagnosed with Cushing syndrome?
A.Monitor blood glucose levels daily.
B.Increase intake of fluids high in potassium.
C.Encourage adequate rest between activities.
D.Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu. - Answer-
Correct Answer: A
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Rationale: Cushing syndrome results from a
hypersecretion of glucocorticoids in the adrenal cortex.
Clients with Cushing syndrome often develop diabetes
mellitus. Monitoring of serum glucose levels assesses for
increased blood glucose levels so that treatment can
begin early. A common finding in Cushing syndrome is
generalized edema. Although potassium is needed, it is
generally obtained from food intake, not by offering
potassium-enhanced fluids. Fatigue is usually not an
overwhelming factor in Cushing syndrome, so an
emphasis on the need for rest is not indicated. A low-
calorie, low-carbohydrate, low-sodium diet is not
recommended.
The nurse is concerned about infection for a client after an
esophagogastrostomy for esophageal cancer. Which
actions should the nurse include in the client's plan of
care? (Select all that apply.)
A. Frequent oral care every 2 hours while awake.
B. Use incentive spirometer every 2 hours.
C. Empty contents from NG tube every 8 hours.
D. Ambulate within 1 hour of return from the PACU.
E. Limit visitors until postoperative day 2. - Answer-Correct
Answer: A,B,C
EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG EXAMINATION
ACTUAL VERIFIED EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE THIS
YEAR||NEWEST EXAM!!!
The nurse is caring for a client with a fractured right elbow.
Which assessment finding has the highest priority and
requires immediate intervention?
A. Ecchymosis over the right elbow area
B. Deep unrelenting pain in the right arm
C. An edematous right elbow
D. The presence of crepitus in the right elbow - Answer-
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:Compartment syndrome is a condition involving
increased pressure and constriction of the nerves and
vessels within an anatomic compartment, causing pain
uncontrolled by opioids and neurovascular compromise.
Option A is an expected finding. Option C related to
compartment syndrome cannot be seen, and any visible
edema is an expected finding related to the injury. Option
D is an expected finding.
,2|Page
The nurse notes that a client who is scheduled for surgery
the next morning has an elevated blood urea nitrogen
(BUN) level. Which condition is most likely to have
contributed to this finding?
A. Myocardial infarction 2 months ago
B. Anorexia and vomiting for the past 2 days
C.Recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
D. Skeletal traction for a right hip fracture - Answer-Correct
Answer: B
Rationale:The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level indicates
the effectiveness of the kidneys in filtering waste from the
blood. Dehydration, which could be caused by vomiting,
would cause an increased BUN level. Option A would
affect serum enzyme levels, not the BUN level. Option C
would primarily affect the blood glucose level; renal failure
that could increase the BUN level would be unlikely in a
client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Effects of
option D might affect the complete blood count (CBC) but
would not directly increase the BUN level.
Which instruction is best for the nurse to provide to a client
with emphysema and chronic fatigue?
,3|Page
A."Pace your activities and schedule rest periods."
B."Increase the amount of oxygen you use at night."
C."Obtain medical evaluation for antibiotic therapy."
D."Reduce your intake of fluids containing caffeine." -
Answer-Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Manifestations of emphysema include an
increase in AP diameter (referred to as a barrel chest), nail
bed clubbing, and fatigue. The nurse can provide
instructions to promote energy management, such as
pacing activities and scheduling rest periods. Option B
may result in a decreased drive to breathe. The client is
not exhibiting any symptoms of infection, so option C is
not necessary. Option D is less beneficial than option A.
Which nursing action would be appropriate for a client who
is newly diagnosed with Cushing syndrome?
A.Monitor blood glucose levels daily.
B.Increase intake of fluids high in potassium.
C.Encourage adequate rest between activities.
D.Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu. - Answer-
Correct Answer: A
, 4|Page
Rationale: Cushing syndrome results from a
hypersecretion of glucocorticoids in the adrenal cortex.
Clients with Cushing syndrome often develop diabetes
mellitus. Monitoring of serum glucose levels assesses for
increased blood glucose levels so that treatment can
begin early. A common finding in Cushing syndrome is
generalized edema. Although potassium is needed, it is
generally obtained from food intake, not by offering
potassium-enhanced fluids. Fatigue is usually not an
overwhelming factor in Cushing syndrome, so an
emphasis on the need for rest is not indicated. A low-
calorie, low-carbohydrate, low-sodium diet is not
recommended.
The nurse is concerned about infection for a client after an
esophagogastrostomy for esophageal cancer. Which
actions should the nurse include in the client's plan of
care? (Select all that apply.)
A. Frequent oral care every 2 hours while awake.
B. Use incentive spirometer every 2 hours.
C. Empty contents from NG tube every 8 hours.
D. Ambulate within 1 hour of return from the PACU.
E. Limit visitors until postoperative day 2. - Answer-Correct
Answer: A,B,C
