NURS 450 QUIZ 1 EXAM 2026 ACTUAL
SCRIPT WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉Aneuploidy. Answer: Abnormal number of chromosomes due to
nondisjunction
◉Trisomy. Answer: Three copies of a chromosome (example:
Trisomy 21)
◉Monosomy. Answer: Only one copy of a chromosome; usually
lethal
◉Epigenetics. Answer: Changes in gene expression without altering
DNA sequence
◉Total body water (TBW). Answer: Approximately 60% of adult
body weight
◉Intracellular fluid (ICF). Answer: Fluid inside cells; about two-
thirds of total body water
,◉Extracellular fluid (ECF). Answer: Fluid outside cells including
intravascular and interstitial fluid
◉Osmosis. Answer: Movement of water from high water
concentration to low water concentration
◉Filtration. Answer: Movement of fluid out of capillaries into
interstitial space
◉Reabsorption. Answer: Movement of fluid from interstitial space
back into capillaries
◉Edema. Answer: Accumulation of excess fluid in interstitial space
◉RAAS. Answer: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system that
increases sodium and water retention
◉Aldosterone. Answer: Hormone that increases sodium
reabsorption
◉ADH (vasopressin). Answer: Hormone that increases water
reabsorption in kidneys
◉Normal sodium level. Answer: 135-145 mEq/L
, ◉Hyponatremia. Answer: Sodium less than 135 mEq/L causing
cellular swelling and neurologic symptoms
◉Hypernatremia. Answer: Sodium greater than 145 mEq/L causing
cellular dehydration
◉Normal potassium level. Answer: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
◉Hypokalemia. Answer: Potassium less than 3.5 mEq/L causing
weakness and dysrhythmias
◉Hyperkalemia. Answer: Potassium greater than 5.0 mEq/L causing
life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias
◉CBC (complete blood count). Answer: Lab panel measuring RBCs,
WBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets
◉CBC tube color. Answer: Lavender top tube
◉Leukocytosis. Answer: Elevated white blood cell count indicating
infection or inflammation
SCRIPT WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉Aneuploidy. Answer: Abnormal number of chromosomes due to
nondisjunction
◉Trisomy. Answer: Three copies of a chromosome (example:
Trisomy 21)
◉Monosomy. Answer: Only one copy of a chromosome; usually
lethal
◉Epigenetics. Answer: Changes in gene expression without altering
DNA sequence
◉Total body water (TBW). Answer: Approximately 60% of adult
body weight
◉Intracellular fluid (ICF). Answer: Fluid inside cells; about two-
thirds of total body water
,◉Extracellular fluid (ECF). Answer: Fluid outside cells including
intravascular and interstitial fluid
◉Osmosis. Answer: Movement of water from high water
concentration to low water concentration
◉Filtration. Answer: Movement of fluid out of capillaries into
interstitial space
◉Reabsorption. Answer: Movement of fluid from interstitial space
back into capillaries
◉Edema. Answer: Accumulation of excess fluid in interstitial space
◉RAAS. Answer: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system that
increases sodium and water retention
◉Aldosterone. Answer: Hormone that increases sodium
reabsorption
◉ADH (vasopressin). Answer: Hormone that increases water
reabsorption in kidneys
◉Normal sodium level. Answer: 135-145 mEq/L
, ◉Hyponatremia. Answer: Sodium less than 135 mEq/L causing
cellular swelling and neurologic symptoms
◉Hypernatremia. Answer: Sodium greater than 145 mEq/L causing
cellular dehydration
◉Normal potassium level. Answer: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
◉Hypokalemia. Answer: Potassium less than 3.5 mEq/L causing
weakness and dysrhythmias
◉Hyperkalemia. Answer: Potassium greater than 5.0 mEq/L causing
life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias
◉CBC (complete blood count). Answer: Lab panel measuring RBCs,
WBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets
◉CBC tube color. Answer: Lavender top tube
◉Leukocytosis. Answer: Elevated white blood cell count indicating
infection or inflammation
