SOCL 2001 UPDATED 2026 EXAM SCRIPT QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔out-group - ✔✔the groups we don't have a sense of loyalty to, and we feel a certain
amount of antagonism towards
✔✔primary group - ✔✔collection of individuals who are together for a relatively long
period, whose members have direct contact with and feel emotional attachment to one
another
✔✔role - ✔✔set of expectations associated with a particular status
✔✔role conflict - ✔✔when the demands of one role interfere with the demands of
another
✔✔role strain - ✔✔lack of resources to fulfill the demands of a particular role
✔✔secondary group - ✔✔relatively impersonal collection of individuals that is
established to perform a specific task
✔✔social institution - ✔✔stable set of roles, statuses, groups and organizations that
provide a foundation for behavior in some major area of social life
✔✔society - ✔✔a population of people living in the same geographic area who share a
culture and a common identity and whose members are subject to the same political
authority
✔✔status - ✔✔any named social position that a person can occupy
✔✔structural-functionalist perspective - ✔✔the perspective that posits that social
institutions are structured to maintain stability and order in society
✔✔symbol - ✔✔something used to represent something else
✔✔symbolic interactionsim - ✔✔theoretical perspective that explains society and social
structure through an examination of the microlevel, personal, day-to-day exchanges of
people as individuals, pairs or groups
✔✔triad - ✔✔group consisting of three people
✔✔value - ✔✔standard of judgement by which people decide on desirable goals and
outcomes
, ✔✔analysis of existing data - ✔✔unobtrusive research that relies on data gathered
earlier by someone else for some other purpose
✔✔content analysis - ✔✔form of unobtrusive research that studies the content of
recorded messages, such as books, speeches, poems, songs, television shows,
websites and advertisements
✔✔dependent variable - ✔✔the effect
✔✔independent variable - ✔✔the cause
✔✔quantitative data - ✔✔use numbers measure data
✔✔qualitative data - ✔✔use words to analyze results
✔✔surveys - ✔✔gather facts to determine the relationship among facts
✔✔experiments - ✔✔study the impact of variables on subjects' attitudes or behaviors
✔✔participant observation - ✔✔researchers participate in the situation they seek to
observe a group's behavior from within the group
✔✔historical analysis - ✔✔form of social research that relies on existing historical
documents as a source of data
✔✔incorrigible proposition - ✔✔unquestioned cultural belief that cannot be proved
wrong no matter what happens to dispute it
✔✔indicator - ✔✔measurable event, characteristic, or behavior commonly thought to
reflect a particular concept
✔✔moral entrepenuers - ✔✔groups that work to have their moral concerns translated
into law
✔✔nonparticipant observation - ✔✔form of research where the researcher observes
people without directly interacting with them and without letting them know they're being
observed
✔✔probabilistic - ✔✔capable only of identifying those forces that have a high likelihood,
but not a certainty, of influencing human action
✔✔reactivity - ✔✔a problem associated with certain forms of research in which the very
act of intruding into people's lives may influence the phenomenon being studied
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔out-group - ✔✔the groups we don't have a sense of loyalty to, and we feel a certain
amount of antagonism towards
✔✔primary group - ✔✔collection of individuals who are together for a relatively long
period, whose members have direct contact with and feel emotional attachment to one
another
✔✔role - ✔✔set of expectations associated with a particular status
✔✔role conflict - ✔✔when the demands of one role interfere with the demands of
another
✔✔role strain - ✔✔lack of resources to fulfill the demands of a particular role
✔✔secondary group - ✔✔relatively impersonal collection of individuals that is
established to perform a specific task
✔✔social institution - ✔✔stable set of roles, statuses, groups and organizations that
provide a foundation for behavior in some major area of social life
✔✔society - ✔✔a population of people living in the same geographic area who share a
culture and a common identity and whose members are subject to the same political
authority
✔✔status - ✔✔any named social position that a person can occupy
✔✔structural-functionalist perspective - ✔✔the perspective that posits that social
institutions are structured to maintain stability and order in society
✔✔symbol - ✔✔something used to represent something else
✔✔symbolic interactionsim - ✔✔theoretical perspective that explains society and social
structure through an examination of the microlevel, personal, day-to-day exchanges of
people as individuals, pairs or groups
✔✔triad - ✔✔group consisting of three people
✔✔value - ✔✔standard of judgement by which people decide on desirable goals and
outcomes
, ✔✔analysis of existing data - ✔✔unobtrusive research that relies on data gathered
earlier by someone else for some other purpose
✔✔content analysis - ✔✔form of unobtrusive research that studies the content of
recorded messages, such as books, speeches, poems, songs, television shows,
websites and advertisements
✔✔dependent variable - ✔✔the effect
✔✔independent variable - ✔✔the cause
✔✔quantitative data - ✔✔use numbers measure data
✔✔qualitative data - ✔✔use words to analyze results
✔✔surveys - ✔✔gather facts to determine the relationship among facts
✔✔experiments - ✔✔study the impact of variables on subjects' attitudes or behaviors
✔✔participant observation - ✔✔researchers participate in the situation they seek to
observe a group's behavior from within the group
✔✔historical analysis - ✔✔form of social research that relies on existing historical
documents as a source of data
✔✔incorrigible proposition - ✔✔unquestioned cultural belief that cannot be proved
wrong no matter what happens to dispute it
✔✔indicator - ✔✔measurable event, characteristic, or behavior commonly thought to
reflect a particular concept
✔✔moral entrepenuers - ✔✔groups that work to have their moral concerns translated
into law
✔✔nonparticipant observation - ✔✔form of research where the researcher observes
people without directly interacting with them and without letting them know they're being
observed
✔✔probabilistic - ✔✔capable only of identifying those forces that have a high likelihood,
but not a certainty, of influencing human action
✔✔reactivity - ✔✔a problem associated with certain forms of research in which the very
act of intruding into people's lives may influence the phenomenon being studied
