A LEVEL DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY:
PRODUCT DESIGN : PRINCIPLES OF
PRODUCT DESIGN FINAL TEST 2026
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ Injection Moulding.
Answer: Highly accurate, complex shapes, high quality finish. Draw angles,
ejection pin marks, sprue marks, split lines. ABS, polypropylene, polythene,
polystyrene.
◍ Rotational Moulding.
Answer: Hollow, uniform wall thickness, high quality surface finish,
imprinted details such as logos/text. LDPE, polypropylene, nylon.
◍ Vacuum Forming.
Answer: Thin wall thickness, patterns or textures imprinted, tapered edges,
rounded corners, thinning at corners. ABS, acrylic, polythene, PVC.
◍ Extrusion.
Answer: Uniform wall thickness, cross section, highly accurate and complex
shapes. Polythene, PVC, polypropylene.
◍ Centre Lathe Turning.
Answer: Cylindrical products, can be carried out using a variety of metals
and plastics.
◍ Die Casting.
Answer: High accuracy and quality surface finish, complex shapes, tapered
edges, ejection pin marks, runner marks, split lines. Low melting point
, alloys I.e. zinc, magnesium, aluminium.
◍ Sand Casting.
Answer: Rough in appearance, tapered sides, rounded corners, runner and
riser marks. Low melting point alloys I.e. brass, bronze, cast iron.
◍ Press Forming.
Answer: Sharp bends, deep draws, flanges, ribs, pierced shapes. Sheet metal
I.e. steels, aluminium.
◍ Piercing & Blanking.
Answer: Sheared surfaces which show areas of deformation or fracture.
Sheet and strip metal.
◍ Drop Forging.
Answer: Products which require tensile or compressive force to be used I.e.
tools, cutlery. Most metal alloys.
◍ Scots Pine.
Answer: Softwood - straight grained, quite strong, easy to work,
white/yellowish brown colour
◍ Red Pine.
Answer: Softwood - straight grained, strong and quite easy to work,
red/orange colour
◍ Cedar.
Answer: Softwood - straight grained, very light but durable, quite soft,
orangey colour
◍ Oak.
Answer: Hardwood - hard, tough, heavy, durable, light brown/golden colour
◍ Mahogany.
Answer: Hardwood - medium weight, quite strong, easy to work, durable,
warps easily, red/brown colour
◍ Ash.
Answer: Hardwood - flexible, tough, bends well, varnishes well, light in
, colour
◍ Beech.
Answer: Hardwood - hard, tough, strong, tends to warp but bends well,
mid-brown colour
◍ Teak.
Answer: Hardwood - coarse, uneven texture, oily, straight or wavy grain,
expensive, golden to dark brown colour
◍ MDF.
Answer: Manufactured Board - high strength, easily machined, shapes and
paints well. Tightly compressed wood fibres.
◍ What is product design?.
Answer: The process of creating a product that meets customer needs and
market opportunities.
◍ Plywood.
Answer: Manufactured Board - very strong, stable and easy to
work/machine. Thin sheets glued together; grain of each layer goes in a
different direction
◍ Blockboard.
Answer: Manufactured Board - very strong, heavy, rigid, good load bearing
capabilities. Parallel strips of timber with veneer glued either side; grains
running crosswise
◍ Chipboard.
Answer: Manufactured Board - heavy, strength dependent on density of
wood chips. Wood chips mixed with bonding mixture and compressed
◍ Acrylic.
Answer: Thermoplastic - stiff, hard, durable, scratches easily, brittle. An be
made opaque, transparent or translucent. Good substitute for glass.
◍ ABS.
Answer: Thermoplastic - strong, light, durable, scratch resistant, chemical
PRODUCT DESIGN : PRINCIPLES OF
PRODUCT DESIGN FINAL TEST 2026
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ Injection Moulding.
Answer: Highly accurate, complex shapes, high quality finish. Draw angles,
ejection pin marks, sprue marks, split lines. ABS, polypropylene, polythene,
polystyrene.
◍ Rotational Moulding.
Answer: Hollow, uniform wall thickness, high quality surface finish,
imprinted details such as logos/text. LDPE, polypropylene, nylon.
◍ Vacuum Forming.
Answer: Thin wall thickness, patterns or textures imprinted, tapered edges,
rounded corners, thinning at corners. ABS, acrylic, polythene, PVC.
◍ Extrusion.
Answer: Uniform wall thickness, cross section, highly accurate and complex
shapes. Polythene, PVC, polypropylene.
◍ Centre Lathe Turning.
Answer: Cylindrical products, can be carried out using a variety of metals
and plastics.
◍ Die Casting.
Answer: High accuracy and quality surface finish, complex shapes, tapered
edges, ejection pin marks, runner marks, split lines. Low melting point
, alloys I.e. zinc, magnesium, aluminium.
◍ Sand Casting.
Answer: Rough in appearance, tapered sides, rounded corners, runner and
riser marks. Low melting point alloys I.e. brass, bronze, cast iron.
◍ Press Forming.
Answer: Sharp bends, deep draws, flanges, ribs, pierced shapes. Sheet metal
I.e. steels, aluminium.
◍ Piercing & Blanking.
Answer: Sheared surfaces which show areas of deformation or fracture.
Sheet and strip metal.
◍ Drop Forging.
Answer: Products which require tensile or compressive force to be used I.e.
tools, cutlery. Most metal alloys.
◍ Scots Pine.
Answer: Softwood - straight grained, quite strong, easy to work,
white/yellowish brown colour
◍ Red Pine.
Answer: Softwood - straight grained, strong and quite easy to work,
red/orange colour
◍ Cedar.
Answer: Softwood - straight grained, very light but durable, quite soft,
orangey colour
◍ Oak.
Answer: Hardwood - hard, tough, heavy, durable, light brown/golden colour
◍ Mahogany.
Answer: Hardwood - medium weight, quite strong, easy to work, durable,
warps easily, red/brown colour
◍ Ash.
Answer: Hardwood - flexible, tough, bends well, varnishes well, light in
, colour
◍ Beech.
Answer: Hardwood - hard, tough, strong, tends to warp but bends well,
mid-brown colour
◍ Teak.
Answer: Hardwood - coarse, uneven texture, oily, straight or wavy grain,
expensive, golden to dark brown colour
◍ MDF.
Answer: Manufactured Board - high strength, easily machined, shapes and
paints well. Tightly compressed wood fibres.
◍ What is product design?.
Answer: The process of creating a product that meets customer needs and
market opportunities.
◍ Plywood.
Answer: Manufactured Board - very strong, stable and easy to
work/machine. Thin sheets glued together; grain of each layer goes in a
different direction
◍ Blockboard.
Answer: Manufactured Board - very strong, heavy, rigid, good load bearing
capabilities. Parallel strips of timber with veneer glued either side; grains
running crosswise
◍ Chipboard.
Answer: Manufactured Board - heavy, strength dependent on density of
wood chips. Wood chips mixed with bonding mixture and compressed
◍ Acrylic.
Answer: Thermoplastic - stiff, hard, durable, scratches easily, brittle. An be
made opaque, transparent or translucent. Good substitute for glass.
◍ ABS.
Answer: Thermoplastic - strong, light, durable, scratch resistant, chemical
