1. Which scientist is credited with first observing cells in cork tissue?
• A) Robert Hooke
• B) Anton van Leeuwenhoek
• C) Matthias Schleiden
• D) Theodor Schwann
• ANSWER : A
2. The cell theory states that:
• A) All cells have a nucleus
• B) All living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of
structure and function, and all cells come from pre-existing cells
• C) Cells are only found in animals
• D) Cells are the smallest unit of life and cannot be divided
• ANSWER : B
3. Which type of microscope would be best for observing live cells in real-
time?
• A) Transmission electron microscope
• B) Scanning electron microscope
• C) Light microscope
• D) Cryo-electron microscope
• ANSWER : C
4. Prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in that they:
• A) Have a nucleus
• B) Lack membrane-bound organelles
• C) Are always larger
, • D) Contain mitochondria
• ANSWER : B
5. Which of the following is NOT a common feature of all cells?
• A) Plasma membrane
• B) Ribosomes
• C) Nucleus
• D) Genetic material
• ANSWER : C
6. The resolution of a light microscope is limited by:
• A) The wavelength of light
• B) The size of the objective lens
• C) The temperature of the specimen
• D) The age of the microscope
• ANSWER : A
7. Which staining technique is commonly used to visualize DNA in cells?
• A) Gram stain
• B) Giemsa stain
• C) DAPI or Hoechst stain
• D) Acid-fast stain
• ANSWER : C
8. The "powerhouse of the cell" refers to:
• A) Nucleus
• B) Mitochondria
• C) Ribosomes
• D) Endoplasmic reticulum
• ANSWER : B
9. Which scientist proposed that cells are the basic unit of life?
, • A) Louis Pasteur
• B) Rudolf Virchow
• C) Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann
• D) Charles Darwin
• ANSWER : C
10. Fluorescence microscopy relies on:
• A) Electrons passing through the specimen
• B) Fluorophores that emit light when excited by specific wavelengths
• C) Staining with heavy metals
• D) Reflection of light from the specimen surface
• ANSWER : B
11. Which of the following is a model organism commonly used in cell
biology research?
• A) Escherichia coli
• B) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
• C) Drosophila melanogaster
• D) All of the above
• ANSWER : D
12. The cytosol is best described as:
• A) The fluid inside the nucleus
• B) The fluid component of the cytoplasm excluding organelles
• C) The membrane surrounding the cell
• D) The region between the inner and outer nuclear membranes
• ANSWER : B
13. Which technique separates proteins based on their size?
• A) Southern blot
• B) Western blot
• C) SDS-PAGE
, • D) Northern blot
• ANSWER : C
14. Cell fractionation is used to:
• A) Count cells in a sample
• B) Separate different cellular components
• C) Fix cells for microscopy
• D) Stain specific organelles
• ANSWER : B
15. The plasma membrane is primarily composed of:
• A) Proteins only
• B) Carbohydrates only
• C) Lipids and proteins
• D) Nucleic acids
• ANSWER : C
16. Which of the following is a prokaryote?
• A) Yeast
• B) Human cell
• C) Bacterium
• D) Amoeba
• ANSWER : C
17. Confocal microscopy improves image quality by:
• A) Using multiple lenses simultaneously
• B) Eliminating out-of-focus light through a pinhole aperture
• C) Increasing the wavelength of light used
• D) Using ultraviolet light exclusively
• ANSWER : B
18. The endosymbiotic theory explains the origin of:
• A) Robert Hooke
• B) Anton van Leeuwenhoek
• C) Matthias Schleiden
• D) Theodor Schwann
• ANSWER : A
2. The cell theory states that:
• A) All cells have a nucleus
• B) All living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of
structure and function, and all cells come from pre-existing cells
• C) Cells are only found in animals
• D) Cells are the smallest unit of life and cannot be divided
• ANSWER : B
3. Which type of microscope would be best for observing live cells in real-
time?
• A) Transmission electron microscope
• B) Scanning electron microscope
• C) Light microscope
• D) Cryo-electron microscope
• ANSWER : C
4. Prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in that they:
• A) Have a nucleus
• B) Lack membrane-bound organelles
• C) Are always larger
, • D) Contain mitochondria
• ANSWER : B
5. Which of the following is NOT a common feature of all cells?
• A) Plasma membrane
• B) Ribosomes
• C) Nucleus
• D) Genetic material
• ANSWER : C
6. The resolution of a light microscope is limited by:
• A) The wavelength of light
• B) The size of the objective lens
• C) The temperature of the specimen
• D) The age of the microscope
• ANSWER : A
7. Which staining technique is commonly used to visualize DNA in cells?
• A) Gram stain
• B) Giemsa stain
• C) DAPI or Hoechst stain
• D) Acid-fast stain
• ANSWER : C
8. The "powerhouse of the cell" refers to:
• A) Nucleus
• B) Mitochondria
• C) Ribosomes
• D) Endoplasmic reticulum
• ANSWER : B
9. Which scientist proposed that cells are the basic unit of life?
, • A) Louis Pasteur
• B) Rudolf Virchow
• C) Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann
• D) Charles Darwin
• ANSWER : C
10. Fluorescence microscopy relies on:
• A) Electrons passing through the specimen
• B) Fluorophores that emit light when excited by specific wavelengths
• C) Staining with heavy metals
• D) Reflection of light from the specimen surface
• ANSWER : B
11. Which of the following is a model organism commonly used in cell
biology research?
• A) Escherichia coli
• B) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
• C) Drosophila melanogaster
• D) All of the above
• ANSWER : D
12. The cytosol is best described as:
• A) The fluid inside the nucleus
• B) The fluid component of the cytoplasm excluding organelles
• C) The membrane surrounding the cell
• D) The region between the inner and outer nuclear membranes
• ANSWER : B
13. Which technique separates proteins based on their size?
• A) Southern blot
• B) Western blot
• C) SDS-PAGE
, • D) Northern blot
• ANSWER : C
14. Cell fractionation is used to:
• A) Count cells in a sample
• B) Separate different cellular components
• C) Fix cells for microscopy
• D) Stain specific organelles
• ANSWER : B
15. The plasma membrane is primarily composed of:
• A) Proteins only
• B) Carbohydrates only
• C) Lipids and proteins
• D) Nucleic acids
• ANSWER : C
16. Which of the following is a prokaryote?
• A) Yeast
• B) Human cell
• C) Bacterium
• D) Amoeba
• ANSWER : C
17. Confocal microscopy improves image quality by:
• A) Using multiple lenses simultaneously
• B) Eliminating out-of-focus light through a pinhole aperture
• C) Increasing the wavelength of light used
• D) Using ultraviolet light exclusively
• ANSWER : B
18. The endosymbiotic theory explains the origin of:
