Adult Primary Care Exam #2 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
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Terms in this set (249)
Best lab test to rule out MI Cardiac-specific troponin I and T (rise within the first
2-4 hrs after MI and remain elevated for 7-10 days)
What should you do for the patient ASA, nitroglycerin and transfer to ED (preferably at
experiencing ACS? a hospital with a cath lab)
Number one symptom of CAD Angina
Characteristics of metabolic 1) HTN
syndrome 2) Obesity
3) Dyslipidemia
4) DM
CV risk factors 1) HTN
2) Obesity
3) Dyslipidemia
4) DM
5) Cigarette smoking
6) Physical inactivity
7) Microalbuminuria
,What manometers are best? Mercury bulb (if using digital, make sure they are
periodically recalibrated)
What are you listening for when 1st and 5th Korotkoff sound
measuring BP?
What factors can transiently elevate 1) Anxiety
BP? 2) Cold
3) A full bladder
4) Exercise, smoking or caffeine within the previous
30 minutes
Essential HTN risk factors 1) Age (arteries stiffen with age)
2) Gender (male until age 60)
3) Race (AAs have higher rates than whites)
4) Obesity (10# wt loss can make a big difference;
meds work better in conjunction with wt loss)
5) Family history
6) Alcohol intake (>2 oz per day)
7) Cigarette smoking
Physiologically what causes primary Increased CO which results in increased peripheral
HTN arterial resistance
Typical presentation of secondary -Presentation is usually abrupt and severe
HTN -Usually < 35 y/o
-Negative family hx
-Failure to respond to empirical therapy despite
compliance
#1 cause of secondary HTN Renal artery stenosis
, Other causes of secondary HTN Pheochromocytoma, primary hyperaldosteronism,
coarctation of the aorta, Cushing's, Renal
Parenchymal Disease, alcohol, medication
How would you diagnose Cushing's? 24 urine to see if cortisol levels are elevated
Questions to ask about HTN 1) When were they initially diagnosed?
2) Highest reading ever obtained
3) Have they been on any other anti-hypertensive
meds previously? (If yes, why did they stop taking
them?)
Factors from chest pain article 1) >55 in men; >65 in women
2) Known CAD or cerebrovascular disease
3) Pain not reproducible by palpation
4) Pain worse during exercise
5) Pt assumes pain is cardiogenic
(For scores of 2-5 order EKG; for scores of 4 and 5
give O2 and ASA -- arrange for ED transport)
What medications should you ask 1) NSAIDs
about when concerned about HTN? 2) OTC cold remedies
3) Oral contraceptives
4) Anabolic steroids
5) MOAIs
6) Tricyclic antidepressants
7) Diet pills
What candy (in excess) can elevate Licorice
BP?
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Save
Terms in this set (249)
Best lab test to rule out MI Cardiac-specific troponin I and T (rise within the first
2-4 hrs after MI and remain elevated for 7-10 days)
What should you do for the patient ASA, nitroglycerin and transfer to ED (preferably at
experiencing ACS? a hospital with a cath lab)
Number one symptom of CAD Angina
Characteristics of metabolic 1) HTN
syndrome 2) Obesity
3) Dyslipidemia
4) DM
CV risk factors 1) HTN
2) Obesity
3) Dyslipidemia
4) DM
5) Cigarette smoking
6) Physical inactivity
7) Microalbuminuria
,What manometers are best? Mercury bulb (if using digital, make sure they are
periodically recalibrated)
What are you listening for when 1st and 5th Korotkoff sound
measuring BP?
What factors can transiently elevate 1) Anxiety
BP? 2) Cold
3) A full bladder
4) Exercise, smoking or caffeine within the previous
30 minutes
Essential HTN risk factors 1) Age (arteries stiffen with age)
2) Gender (male until age 60)
3) Race (AAs have higher rates than whites)
4) Obesity (10# wt loss can make a big difference;
meds work better in conjunction with wt loss)
5) Family history
6) Alcohol intake (>2 oz per day)
7) Cigarette smoking
Physiologically what causes primary Increased CO which results in increased peripheral
HTN arterial resistance
Typical presentation of secondary -Presentation is usually abrupt and severe
HTN -Usually < 35 y/o
-Negative family hx
-Failure to respond to empirical therapy despite
compliance
#1 cause of secondary HTN Renal artery stenosis
, Other causes of secondary HTN Pheochromocytoma, primary hyperaldosteronism,
coarctation of the aorta, Cushing's, Renal
Parenchymal Disease, alcohol, medication
How would you diagnose Cushing's? 24 urine to see if cortisol levels are elevated
Questions to ask about HTN 1) When were they initially diagnosed?
2) Highest reading ever obtained
3) Have they been on any other anti-hypertensive
meds previously? (If yes, why did they stop taking
them?)
Factors from chest pain article 1) >55 in men; >65 in women
2) Known CAD or cerebrovascular disease
3) Pain not reproducible by palpation
4) Pain worse during exercise
5) Pt assumes pain is cardiogenic
(For scores of 2-5 order EKG; for scores of 4 and 5
give O2 and ASA -- arrange for ED transport)
What medications should you ask 1) NSAIDs
about when concerned about HTN? 2) OTC cold remedies
3) Oral contraceptives
4) Anabolic steroids
5) MOAIs
6) Tricyclic antidepressants
7) Diet pills
What candy (in excess) can elevate Licorice
BP?
