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SFSU BIO 230 Human Physiology — Examination 2
2026/2027 ||Verified Exam!!|| San Francisco State
University Department of Biology | 50 Multiple-Choice
Questions||Newest Exam!!!
How do different types of molecules (water, glucose,
oxygen, sodium, chloride) cross cell membranes and
travel between different organs? - Answer-Cell membrane
is semipermeable to water. Oxygen move across cell
membranes simple diffusion, a process that requires no
energy input and is driven by differences in concentration
on either side of the cell membrane. Food is broken up
through digestion and diffuse into the blood through
microvilli in the intestinal wall.
How is water regulated in your body? - Answer-
Homeostasis
What is osmosis and what does it have to do with water
balance? - Answer-The diffusion of water to create an
equilibrium with salt.
Where does the water in your body come from? - Answer-
Liquids, foods and cellular respiration.
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How does your body eliminate water? - Answer-Through
urinating, sweating, and feces.
Which organ systems are involved in water balance and
what is their role? - Answer-kidney regulates by controlling
water concentration in blood plasma
What happened to Cynthia Lucero? - Answer-Through the
consumption of too much water she flooded her cells to
balance the equilibrium of solutes and thus caused
swelling of the cells
Is Gatorade hypotonic or hypertonic to the blood of a
normal person? - Answer-gatorade is hypotonic to the
blood (more sodium outside cell) diluted by gatorade
How does cholera affect water homeostasis? - Answer-
Cholera causes dehydration.
If 2 solutions are separated by a semipermeable
membrane (permeable to water) and side A is hypertonic
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to side B, which way will the water molecules be most
likely to move? - Answer-To side B to dilute the solutes
How is the structure of the small intestine related to its
function? - Answer-Absorption by osmosis through the cell
walls into the vascular capillaries inside the villi
How are glucose levels regulated in your body? - Answer-
(homeostasis) Regulated through the liver, pancreas, and
muscles
What happens when your body cannot control glucose
levels? - Answer-Insulin receptor is not functioning, then
the insulin will not be able to travel through the cell
membrane, pancreas and you develop diabetes.
Where does the glucose in your body come from? -
Answer-We eat food, the food gets absorbed, excess
glycogen is stored in the liver, which later we can use to
convert into glucose. Pancreas - responsible for regulating
the use of insulin to use glucose as energy. Glut4 transfers
glucose from blood -> cell membrane -> tissues/muscles
, 4|Page
What is insulin and how does it work? - Answer-Insulin is a
hormone produced by your pancreas as the concentration
of glucose in your bloodstream rises. Your pancreas
senses this increase and is stimulated to release insulin
into your bloodstream which plays a role in regulating the
concentration of glucose in your blood through a process
known as glucose homeostasis.
What is glucagon and how does it work? - Answer-When
glucagon binds to the glucagon receptors, the liver cells
convert the glycogen into individual glucose molecules
and release them into the bloodstream.
Which organ systems are involved in glucose balance and
what is their role? - Answer-Liver, pancreas, muscle
What is diabetes? - Answer-A condition whereby the body
is not able to regulate levels of glucose (a sugar) in the
blood, resulting in too much glucose being present in the
blood. In type two this is due to the your cells becoming
resistant to insulin and type one you do not produce
insulin.
SFSU BIO 230 Human Physiology — Examination 2
2026/2027 ||Verified Exam!!|| San Francisco State
University Department of Biology | 50 Multiple-Choice
Questions||Newest Exam!!!
How do different types of molecules (water, glucose,
oxygen, sodium, chloride) cross cell membranes and
travel between different organs? - Answer-Cell membrane
is semipermeable to water. Oxygen move across cell
membranes simple diffusion, a process that requires no
energy input and is driven by differences in concentration
on either side of the cell membrane. Food is broken up
through digestion and diffuse into the blood through
microvilli in the intestinal wall.
How is water regulated in your body? - Answer-
Homeostasis
What is osmosis and what does it have to do with water
balance? - Answer-The diffusion of water to create an
equilibrium with salt.
Where does the water in your body come from? - Answer-
Liquids, foods and cellular respiration.
,2|Page
How does your body eliminate water? - Answer-Through
urinating, sweating, and feces.
Which organ systems are involved in water balance and
what is their role? - Answer-kidney regulates by controlling
water concentration in blood plasma
What happened to Cynthia Lucero? - Answer-Through the
consumption of too much water she flooded her cells to
balance the equilibrium of solutes and thus caused
swelling of the cells
Is Gatorade hypotonic or hypertonic to the blood of a
normal person? - Answer-gatorade is hypotonic to the
blood (more sodium outside cell) diluted by gatorade
How does cholera affect water homeostasis? - Answer-
Cholera causes dehydration.
If 2 solutions are separated by a semipermeable
membrane (permeable to water) and side A is hypertonic
,3|Page
to side B, which way will the water molecules be most
likely to move? - Answer-To side B to dilute the solutes
How is the structure of the small intestine related to its
function? - Answer-Absorption by osmosis through the cell
walls into the vascular capillaries inside the villi
How are glucose levels regulated in your body? - Answer-
(homeostasis) Regulated through the liver, pancreas, and
muscles
What happens when your body cannot control glucose
levels? - Answer-Insulin receptor is not functioning, then
the insulin will not be able to travel through the cell
membrane, pancreas and you develop diabetes.
Where does the glucose in your body come from? -
Answer-We eat food, the food gets absorbed, excess
glycogen is stored in the liver, which later we can use to
convert into glucose. Pancreas - responsible for regulating
the use of insulin to use glucose as energy. Glut4 transfers
glucose from blood -> cell membrane -> tissues/muscles
, 4|Page
What is insulin and how does it work? - Answer-Insulin is a
hormone produced by your pancreas as the concentration
of glucose in your bloodstream rises. Your pancreas
senses this increase and is stimulated to release insulin
into your bloodstream which plays a role in regulating the
concentration of glucose in your blood through a process
known as glucose homeostasis.
What is glucagon and how does it work? - Answer-When
glucagon binds to the glucagon receptors, the liver cells
convert the glycogen into individual glucose molecules
and release them into the bloodstream.
Which organ systems are involved in glucose balance and
what is their role? - Answer-Liver, pancreas, muscle
What is diabetes? - Answer-A condition whereby the body
is not able to regulate levels of glucose (a sugar) in the
blood, resulting in too much glucose being present in the
blood. In type two this is due to the your cells becoming
resistant to insulin and type one you do not produce
insulin.
