PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2026
QUESTIONS and CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+
C - CORRECT ANSWER-When a new mobile is first hung over baby
Jessica's crib, she looks at it frequently, but after several weeks pass she
hardly notices it. Jessica has become ________ to the mobile.
a. classically conditioned
b. operantly conditioned
c. habituated
d. counterconditioned
A - CORRECT ANSWER-The idea that, in time, you can get used to
almost anything is associated with which learning mechanism?
a. habituation
b. classical conditioning
c. operant conditioning
d. respondent conditioning
B - CORRECT ANSWER-In Pavlov's famous studies, when the
presentation of meat was frequently preceded by the sound of a bell, dogs
________.
a. refused to eat the meat
b. began to salivate at the sound of the bell
c. showed fear responses to the bell
d. salivated only when given the meat
,A - CORRECT ANSWER-Experiments have shown that if one receives
rewards and/or punishments randomly (i.e., regardless of what one does),
then one is likely to develop depression. This phenomenon is known as
________.
a. learned helplessness
b. angst
c. social learning theory
d. reverse conditioning
C - CORRECT ANSWER-Pavlov's experiments on the timing of
associations demonstrated that two things become associated because
________.
a. they occur at the exact same time
b. the conditioned stimulus (CS) comes well before the unconditioned
stimulus (UCS)
c. one concept changes the meaning of the other concept
d. they have similar perceptual features
D - CORRECT ANSWER-Bob eats a new dish at his favorite restaurant
and throws up an hour later. According to the process of classical
conditioning, he will most likely ________.
a. become nauseated at the sight of all restaurants
b. try the dish again when another chef prepares it
c. attribute his vomiting to an illness
d. never eat that dish again
,C - CORRECT ANSWER-It has been suggested that chronic anxiety is
the result of ________.
a. repeated pairing of a common stimulus with an unpleasant response
b. the law of effect
c. repeated exposure to adverse stimuli that are unpredictable and random
d. second-order conditioning and stimulus generalization
C - CORRECT ANSWER-What learning process may explain why some
addicts are more likely to overdose in new settings as opposed to familiar
settings?
a. The addict was habituated to the effects of the drug in familiar settings
but this was not true of the new setting.
b. The addict had failed to generalize his or her drug-taking script to the
new setting.
c. Opponent processes that were classically conditioned in the familiar
setting were not triggered in the new setting.
d. The addict had learned to control stimulus-response associations in the
familiar setting, but this learning did not generalize.
C - CORRECT ANSWER-According to Skinner's terminology, behavior
that acts on the environment and changes environmental conditions to the
organism's advantage is ________ behavior.
a. respondent
b. reinforced
c. operant
, d. reciprocally determined
A - CORRECT ANSWER-Behaviorists believe that personality
differences can be entirely explained by ________.
a. learning
b. behavioral traits
c. phenomenological processes
d. IQ
D - CORRECT ANSWER-The attempt to determine how behavior is
connected to the environment is called ________.
a. behavioral linking
b. empiricism
c. associationism
d. functional analysis
C - CORRECT ANSWER-Which of the following is NOT a philosophical
underpinning of behaviorism?
a. associationism
b. empiricism
c. existentialism
d. hedonism
C - CORRECT ANSWER-The basic idea behind empiricism is that
________.
QUESTIONS and CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+
C - CORRECT ANSWER-When a new mobile is first hung over baby
Jessica's crib, she looks at it frequently, but after several weeks pass she
hardly notices it. Jessica has become ________ to the mobile.
a. classically conditioned
b. operantly conditioned
c. habituated
d. counterconditioned
A - CORRECT ANSWER-The idea that, in time, you can get used to
almost anything is associated with which learning mechanism?
a. habituation
b. classical conditioning
c. operant conditioning
d. respondent conditioning
B - CORRECT ANSWER-In Pavlov's famous studies, when the
presentation of meat was frequently preceded by the sound of a bell, dogs
________.
a. refused to eat the meat
b. began to salivate at the sound of the bell
c. showed fear responses to the bell
d. salivated only when given the meat
,A - CORRECT ANSWER-Experiments have shown that if one receives
rewards and/or punishments randomly (i.e., regardless of what one does),
then one is likely to develop depression. This phenomenon is known as
________.
a. learned helplessness
b. angst
c. social learning theory
d. reverse conditioning
C - CORRECT ANSWER-Pavlov's experiments on the timing of
associations demonstrated that two things become associated because
________.
a. they occur at the exact same time
b. the conditioned stimulus (CS) comes well before the unconditioned
stimulus (UCS)
c. one concept changes the meaning of the other concept
d. they have similar perceptual features
D - CORRECT ANSWER-Bob eats a new dish at his favorite restaurant
and throws up an hour later. According to the process of classical
conditioning, he will most likely ________.
a. become nauseated at the sight of all restaurants
b. try the dish again when another chef prepares it
c. attribute his vomiting to an illness
d. never eat that dish again
,C - CORRECT ANSWER-It has been suggested that chronic anxiety is
the result of ________.
a. repeated pairing of a common stimulus with an unpleasant response
b. the law of effect
c. repeated exposure to adverse stimuli that are unpredictable and random
d. second-order conditioning and stimulus generalization
C - CORRECT ANSWER-What learning process may explain why some
addicts are more likely to overdose in new settings as opposed to familiar
settings?
a. The addict was habituated to the effects of the drug in familiar settings
but this was not true of the new setting.
b. The addict had failed to generalize his or her drug-taking script to the
new setting.
c. Opponent processes that were classically conditioned in the familiar
setting were not triggered in the new setting.
d. The addict had learned to control stimulus-response associations in the
familiar setting, but this learning did not generalize.
C - CORRECT ANSWER-According to Skinner's terminology, behavior
that acts on the environment and changes environmental conditions to the
organism's advantage is ________ behavior.
a. respondent
b. reinforced
c. operant
, d. reciprocally determined
A - CORRECT ANSWER-Behaviorists believe that personality
differences can be entirely explained by ________.
a. learning
b. behavioral traits
c. phenomenological processes
d. IQ
D - CORRECT ANSWER-The attempt to determine how behavior is
connected to the environment is called ________.
a. behavioral linking
b. empiricism
c. associationism
d. functional analysis
C - CORRECT ANSWER-Which of the following is NOT a philosophical
underpinning of behaviorism?
a. associationism
b. empiricism
c. existentialism
d. hedonism
C - CORRECT ANSWER-The basic idea behind empiricism is that
________.
