PHC 4101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026

PHC 4101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026 Which of the following statements is NOT true about deaths caused by the leading actual causes: A.They account for half of all deaths B.They are genetic C.They are preventable D.Many cause premature deaths - Answers B.They are genetic Which of the following statements is TRUE about the "war on drugs?" A.The fact that drugs are illegal keeps drugs cheap and drug dealers out of the picture. B.The fact that drugs are illegal keeps the level of police corruption lower. C.The fact that drugs are illegal discourages addicts from committing crimes. D.The fact that drugs are illegal discourages most people from using them. - Answers D.The fact that drugs are illegal discourages most people from using them. Which of the following educational efforts by the government has been shown to significantly reduce the prevalence of the targeted behavior: A.Surgeon general's 1964 report on smoking and health B."Just say no" antidrug advertising C.Abstinence only sex education in schools D.Labeling of prepared foods - Answers A.Surgeon general's 1964 report on smoking and health Which of the following regulations by the government have not been shown to significantly reduce the prevalence of the targeted behavior: A.Laws against smoking in indoor public places B.Laws requiring seat belt use C.Laws against drunk driving D.Laws requiring premarital screening for venereal diseases - Answers D.Laws requiring premarital screening for venereal diseases Which of the following leading actual causes of death has resulted in significantly fewer deaths over the past century: A.Microbial agents B.Poor diet and inactivity C.Misuse of alcohol D.Tobacco - Answers A.Microbial agents Which of the following statements is true of education as a way of changing people's behavior? A.The Food and Drug Administration's practice of requiring labels stating the fat content of prepared foods has had no effect on the fat content of people's diets. B.The Food and Drug Administration's practice of requiring labels stating the fat content of prepared foods has not reduced the prevalence of obesity in the United States. C.Sex education in schools is not effective in reducing rates of adolescent pregnancy. D.The 1964 surgeon general's report on smoking and health had no effect on people's smoking behavior - Answers B.The Food and Drug Administration's practice of requiring labels stating the fat content of prepared foods has not reduced the prevalence of obesity in the United State Poor people have higher mortality rates for all the following reasons except: A.More stress B.Adverse environmental conditions C.Poor nutrition D.Genetics - Answers D.Genetics Low SES is considered a social determinant of poor health? (T/F) - Answers True Social support can mitigate the effects of stress on one's health? (T/F) - Answers True The model that describes five stages of change of health behavior (precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance) - Answers transtheoretical model Low SES is considered a social determinant of poor health. (T/F) - Answers True Having a higher SES has no influence on one's ability to access services that are made available? (T/F) - Answers False Rachel Carson's book, Silent Spring, focused on the harmful environmental effects of what substance? - Answers DDT Which of the following statements is NOT true of occupational exposures? A. The Occupational Safety and Health Act empowered the federal government to set standards for occupational exposures B. Some carcinogens were first recognized by finding clusters of cancer in workers exposed to them on the job C. Workers are more likely to be exposed to large amounts of toxic chemicals than ordinary citizens. D. Workers today are more likely to die of occupational diseases than workers of the past century - Answers D. Workers today are more likely to die of occupational diseases than workers of the past century The federal government is responsible for environmental health (T/F) - Answers True Asbestos exposure has caused documented cancers in all of the following except: A. Montana residents B. School children C. Miners D. Manville Corporation employees - Answers School children Which of the following is NOT known to be true of environmental pollutants? A. Radiation causes cancer in humans B. Most human cancer is caused by pesticides in the environment C. Asbestos harms the lungs D. Mercury and lead cause brain damage - Answers Most human cancer is caused by pesticides in the environment Which of the following statements about factory farms is NOT true: A. They create manure stored in lagoons B. They are a source of meat for the American market C. They are regulated under the Clean Air Act D. They inspire neighbors to complain of respiratory and other problems - Answers They are regulated under the Clean Air Act All of the following are important indoor air pollutants except: A. Tobacco smoke B. Formaldehyde C. Lead D. Radon - Answers Lead Which of the following statements about ozone is NOT true A. It is very irritating to the respiratory system B. It is used as a general measure of air pollution C. It can be produced by the action of sunlight D. It is limited to urban areas - Answers It is limited to urban areas Which of the following measures of particulate matter is most important for health: A. PM10 B. PM2.5 C. PMtotal D. Smog - Answers PM2.5 Which of the following gases contributes most to global warming: A. Ozone B. Carbon dioxide C. Carbon monoxide D. CFCs - Answers Carbon dioxide Which of the following statements about sulfur dioxide is NOT true: A. It is high in motor vehicle exhaust B. It is high in industrial areas C. It is produced by burning coal D. It causes acid rain - Answers It is high in motor vehicle exhaust Depletion of the ozone layer is caused by acid rain. (T/F) - Answers False Information about HIV disease risk and treatment comes from all of the following, except? A. Case reports from public health departments that find more cases as a result of contact investigations B. Case reports by individual clinicians C. Misuse of alcohol D. Reporting by clinical laboratories of specific abnormal test results - Answers Misuse of alcohol If a public health professional asks "Is a disease increasing or decreasing? Who are at-risk groups?" These types of inquiries falls under "Assurance". (T/F) - Answers False Individual case reports by doctors, hospitals and laboratories, sentinel sites, birth and death certificates and administrative data are all examples of which if the following: A. Project management B. Research methods C. Study design D. Surveillance methods - Answers Surveillance methods Community-specific Information about how a disease is spread comes from which of the following: A. Public health surveillance B. Word of mouth C. Key stakeholders in the community D. Facebook - Answers Public health surveillance According to the Institute of Medicine (1988), the core functions of a public health agency include all but the following: A. Assurance B. Policy Development C. Assessment D. Outbreak Investigations - Answers Outbreak Investigations Making sure people with HIV are diagnosed promptly and correctly is part of the US strategy to control the spread of the disease. (T/F) - Answers True When trying to investigate a new infectious disease, which question should you ask? A. How is the disease spread or acquired? B. How long is the incubation period? C. When are people (most) infectious? D. All the above - Answers All of the above In regards to roles and mutual obligations amongst health professionals all are true EXCEPT: A. County Health Departments must keep those reporting cases informed, as CHDs seek more information, carry out contact investigations, manage contacts etc. B. Doctors, hospitals and labs have a legal duty to report cases and outbreaks of infectious diseases and to cooperate with surveillance activities. C. CHDs should provide or assure the provision of expert clinical consultation for management of people ill with diseases of PH interest. D. Public health agencies do not have access to health care records for epidemiologic investigations in support of their mission. - Answers D. Public health agencies do not have access to health care records for epidemiologic investigations in support of their mission. Risk of HIV increases with increasing socioeconomic conditions. (T/F) - Answers False What types of studies do disease knowledge come from? A. Clinical B. Laboratories C. Epidemiological