IGCSE Biology Edexcel –
Study Guide & Practice
Questions
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IGCSE Biology Edexcel – Study Guide & Practice Questions.pdf IGCSE Biology Edexcel – Study Guide & Practice Questions.pdf IGCSE Biology Edexcel – Study Guide & Practice Questions.pdf
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Active transport The movement of substances against a concentration gradient and/or
across a cell membrane using energy
Anti Diuretic Hormone Hormone which controls the selective reabsorbtion of water in Kidney
Aerobic Respiration The process by which food molecules are broken down using oxygen to
release energy for the cells
Allele A version of a partivular gene
Anaerobic respiration Cellular respiration in the absence of oxygen
Asexual reproduction Reproduction which involves only one parent and produces offspring
which are identical to their parents
Auxins Plant hormones which are involved in controlling the phototropisms
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Carbohydrates Food group which includes the sugar and starches. They are important
for providing energy for the cells
Cell Basic unit of all living organism
Cellular respiration Respiration which takes place in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of the
cells
Cellulose cell wall The rigid cell wall which surrounds plant cell
Chlorophyll The green pigment contained in the chloroplast which captures light
energy from the sun
Chloroplast The plant organelles which contain chlorophyll. They are the site of
photosynthesis
Clone Offspring produces by asexual reproduction which are identical to their
parent organism
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Codominance Two alleles which are both expressed in the phenotype of an offspring
Consumers Organisms which feed on other organisms, eg. Primary eats plants,
secondary consumers eat herbivores
Cytoplasm The water-based gel in which the organelles of all living cells are
suspended
Decomposers Microorganisms that break down water products and dead bodies
Denatures The breakdown of the structure of a protein molecule if the temperature
gets too hot or the pH changes
Diastole The stage of the cardiac cycle when the heart fills with blood-relaxation
period of a heart beat
Differentiate The process by which unspecialised cells become specialised for a
particular function
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