2026 UPDATED OA fully solved & updated
2026(latest version verified for accuracy) 2026 Latest!!
LATEST VERSIONS 200 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (100% CORRECT) A+ GRADED
ASSURED
- (binary) - CORRECT ANSWER: Subtracts one numeric value from another
- (unary) - CORRECT ANSWER: Reverses the sign of one numeric value
!=
<> - CORRECT ANSWER: Compares two values for inequality
'For' loop - CORRECT ANSWER: iterates over a sequence (e.g., list, tuple). Used when you
know the number of iterations in advance
'While' loop - CORRECT ANSWER: executes a block of code as long as a condition is true.
Used when the number of iterations depends on a condition.
% (modulo) - CORRECT ANSWER: Divides one numeric value by another and returns the
integer remainder
1. Algorithm efficiency (appropriate for problem and size and complexity)
2. Problem decomposition (break down into smaller, more manageable subproblems)
3. Algorithm validation (ensure correctness and reliability..Ex: unit testing, integration testing,
performance testing)
,4. Optimization and refinement - CORRECT ANSWER: Best practices and considerations for
PLANNING algorithms
1. Determine inputs and outputs
2. Breakdown problem into smaller tasks
3. Describe each sub task in pseudocode
4. Test pseudocode by working a problem - CORRECT ANSWER: How to develop an algorithm
1. Ensure transactions are processed completely or not at all.
2. Prevent conflicts between concurrent transactions. When multiple transactions access the same
data at the same time, a conflict may occur.
3. Ensure transaction results are never lost. Once a transaction completes, transaction results
must always be saved on storage media, regardless of application or computer failures. -
CORRECT ANSWER: When processing transactions, database systems must?
1. Exactly one value per cell. A cell may not contain multiple values. Unknown data is
represented with a special NULL value.
2. No duplicate column names. Duplicate column names are allowed in different tables, but not
in the same table.
3. No duplicate rows. No two rows may have identical values in all columns.
4. No row order. - CORRECT ANSWER: Tables must obey relational rules, including:
1. Immutability
2. First-class functions - CORRECT ANSWER: Two principles of functional programming
1. Isolate the problem
2. Simplify code (Simplify the code as much as possible while still reproducing the issue.
Remove any unnecessary complexity, dependencies, or external factors that are not essential to
the problem.)
,3. Replicate issue (This may involve creating a small, self-contained script or test suite that
demonstrates the issue without extraneous code.
4. Use debugging tools
5. Analyze inputs and outputs
6. Identify patterns and dependencies
7. Incremental testing and validation
8. Document findings
9. Iterate and refine
10. Verify and test fixes - CORRECT ANSWER: step-by-step approach to diagnosing
programming problems using isolation and simplification
1. Performance.
2. Authorization: Many database users should have limited access to specific tables, columns, or
rows of a database. Database systems authorize individual users to access specific data.
3. Security: Database systems ensure authorized users only access permissible data.
4. Rules: Database systems ensure data is consistent with structural and business rules.
5. Recovery: Database systems must recover from failures and restore the database to a
consistent state without loss of data. - CORRECT ANSWER: Large, complex databases that are
shared by many users have special requirements:
1. Predictability and reliability
2. Guiding us through many tasks and endeavors
3. Are deeply ingrained in cultural norms, traditions, and societal expectations.
4. Can be understood as a step-by-step procedures or sequences of tasks.
Ex: recipe, driving directions, doing laundry - CORRECT ANSWER: Algorithms in a daily life
1. The INSERT INTO clause names the table and columns where data is to be added. The
keyword INTO is optional.
, 2. The VALUES clause specifies the column values to be added. - CORRECT ANSWER: The
INSERT statement has two clauses:
1. understand the problem (break into smaller parts—>inputs, outputs, constraints)
2. Choose the right algorithm
3. Use pseudocode
4. Modularity your code
5. Handle Edge cases
6. Optimize for readability
7. Test and validate
8. Optimize for performance
9. Document your algorithm
10. Iterate and Refine - CORRECT ANSWER: Algorithm best practices
A list of - CORRECT ANSWER: What is this an example of? [1, 2, 3]
A sequence of operations performed as a single logical unit of work. - CORRECT ANSWER:
describes a transaction in a relational database?
A set - CORRECT ANSWER: What is this an example of? {1, 2, 3}...unordered, mutable
collection of unique elements
A tuple - CORRECT ANSWER: What is this an example of? (1, 2, 3)
Abstraction - CORRECT ANSWER: Hiding the complex implementation details and exposing
only the necessary parts.
Advantages of Programming Languages - CORRECT ANSWER: -increased productivity