NHM 373 Final Review || Verified for Accuracy.
behavioral economics applies _____ theories to consumer behaviors.
a. microeconomics
b. macroeconomics
c. sociological
d. psychological correct answers psychological
studies found that playing German music increased the sales of German wine. which of the
follow concepts can best describe the reason?
a. scarcity
b. sensory priming
c. anchoring
d. loss aversion correct answers sensory priming
which of the following is a marketing trick that applies the concept of removing pain points?
a. prix fixe menus
b. playing upbeat music at stores
c. showing prices without dollar signs
d. not displaying unhealthy options on the menu board correct answers showing prices without
dollar signs
T/F: a difference between behavioral economics and traditional economic theories is that
behavioral economics focuses on people's bounded rationality correct answers true
the behavioral economic concept called loss aversion suggests that health eating campaigns
might be more successful by:
a. emphasizing negative outcomes
b. emphasizing positive outcomes
,c. providing more choice options
d. providing fewer choice options correct answers emphasizing negative outcomes
the behavioral economic concepts called choice overload suggests that food retailers might
increase sales by:
a. emphasizing negative outcomes
b. emphasizing positive outcomes
c. providing more choice options
d. providing fewer choice options correct answers providing fewer choice options
simplifying the design of nutrition facts labels is an example of:
a. social enforcement
b. nudging
c. decision heuristics
d. priming correct answers nudging
for effective nudging, which of the following is a principle for providing better information?
a. teach consumers how to calculate outcomes
b. translate personal objectives into information
c. make comparison difficult
d. translate information into personal objectives correct answers translate information into
personal objectives
T/F: behavioral economics uses a deductive reasoning approach, whereas traditional economics
uses an inductive reasoning approach correct answers false
which of the following is the best definition of behavioral heuristics?
a. the use of limited information to come up with more complex solutions
,b. a systematic, non-random error in thinking
c. the use of cognitive biases
d. cognitive shortcuts or rules of thumb that simply decisions correct answers cognitive shortcuts
or rules of thumb that simply decisions
in a grocery store, a manager decides to play certain types of music at Christmas to remind
people to buy holiday foods. this strategy would be utilizing what concept of behavioral
economics?
a. anchoring
b. representative heuristics
c. priming
d. satisficing correct answers priming
why do retailers sometimes give customers only a few options?
a. retailers know that people tend to make more expensive purchases when there are a lot of
options
b. people tend to become overwhelmed and avoid making a decision when there are too many
choices
c. retailers know that smaller stores & less shelf-space give the impression of being local, rather
than a chain retailer
d. people tend to buy in bulk when there are only a few items for sale correct answers people
tend to become overwhelmed and avoid making a decision when there are too many choices
what is loss aversion?
a. people tend to be less willing to give up something they already own than to choose the same
item in another setting
b. people tend to make choices based on what they expect to gain from the decision
c. the refusal to play the lottery
, d. people are so afraid of losing that they refuse to make decisions that might involve a loss
correct answers people tend to be less willing to give up something they already own than to
choose the same item in another setting
which of the following is NOT an environmental cue known to increase food consumption?
a. proximity
b. larger serving utensil
c. background noise
d. low price correct answers low price
as schools, offer vs. serve allows students to decline some of the food offered in a reimbursable
lunch or breakfast. it has been shown more effective in encouraging vegetable consumption than
fixed lunch that does not give students an option to decline. this demonstrates:
a. a weak or moderate default can be more effective than a strong default
b. having to make a decision creates a decision fatigue
c. environmental cues can trigger biological responses that affect appetite
d. environmental cues can disrupt monitoring of food intake correct answers a weak or moderate
default can be more effective than a strong default
people are more likely to eat a food item if it is included in the combo meal than if they are
choosing individual items. this demonstrates:
a. framing
b. default effect
c. confirmation effect
d. projection bias effect correct answers default effect
when people live in food-rich environment with continual decisions to make, resisting hedonic
temptations can be hard. this describes:
a. loss aversion
behavioral economics applies _____ theories to consumer behaviors.
a. microeconomics
b. macroeconomics
c. sociological
d. psychological correct answers psychological
studies found that playing German music increased the sales of German wine. which of the
follow concepts can best describe the reason?
a. scarcity
b. sensory priming
c. anchoring
d. loss aversion correct answers sensory priming
which of the following is a marketing trick that applies the concept of removing pain points?
a. prix fixe menus
b. playing upbeat music at stores
c. showing prices without dollar signs
d. not displaying unhealthy options on the menu board correct answers showing prices without
dollar signs
T/F: a difference between behavioral economics and traditional economic theories is that
behavioral economics focuses on people's bounded rationality correct answers true
the behavioral economic concept called loss aversion suggests that health eating campaigns
might be more successful by:
a. emphasizing negative outcomes
b. emphasizing positive outcomes
,c. providing more choice options
d. providing fewer choice options correct answers emphasizing negative outcomes
the behavioral economic concepts called choice overload suggests that food retailers might
increase sales by:
a. emphasizing negative outcomes
b. emphasizing positive outcomes
c. providing more choice options
d. providing fewer choice options correct answers providing fewer choice options
simplifying the design of nutrition facts labels is an example of:
a. social enforcement
b. nudging
c. decision heuristics
d. priming correct answers nudging
for effective nudging, which of the following is a principle for providing better information?
a. teach consumers how to calculate outcomes
b. translate personal objectives into information
c. make comparison difficult
d. translate information into personal objectives correct answers translate information into
personal objectives
T/F: behavioral economics uses a deductive reasoning approach, whereas traditional economics
uses an inductive reasoning approach correct answers false
which of the following is the best definition of behavioral heuristics?
a. the use of limited information to come up with more complex solutions
,b. a systematic, non-random error in thinking
c. the use of cognitive biases
d. cognitive shortcuts or rules of thumb that simply decisions correct answers cognitive shortcuts
or rules of thumb that simply decisions
in a grocery store, a manager decides to play certain types of music at Christmas to remind
people to buy holiday foods. this strategy would be utilizing what concept of behavioral
economics?
a. anchoring
b. representative heuristics
c. priming
d. satisficing correct answers priming
why do retailers sometimes give customers only a few options?
a. retailers know that people tend to make more expensive purchases when there are a lot of
options
b. people tend to become overwhelmed and avoid making a decision when there are too many
choices
c. retailers know that smaller stores & less shelf-space give the impression of being local, rather
than a chain retailer
d. people tend to buy in bulk when there are only a few items for sale correct answers people
tend to become overwhelmed and avoid making a decision when there are too many choices
what is loss aversion?
a. people tend to be less willing to give up something they already own than to choose the same
item in another setting
b. people tend to make choices based on what they expect to gain from the decision
c. the refusal to play the lottery
, d. people are so afraid of losing that they refuse to make decisions that might involve a loss
correct answers people tend to be less willing to give up something they already own than to
choose the same item in another setting
which of the following is NOT an environmental cue known to increase food consumption?
a. proximity
b. larger serving utensil
c. background noise
d. low price correct answers low price
as schools, offer vs. serve allows students to decline some of the food offered in a reimbursable
lunch or breakfast. it has been shown more effective in encouraging vegetable consumption than
fixed lunch that does not give students an option to decline. this demonstrates:
a. a weak or moderate default can be more effective than a strong default
b. having to make a decision creates a decision fatigue
c. environmental cues can trigger biological responses that affect appetite
d. environmental cues can disrupt monitoring of food intake correct answers a weak or moderate
default can be more effective than a strong default
people are more likely to eat a food item if it is included in the combo meal than if they are
choosing individual items. this demonstrates:
a. framing
b. default effect
c. confirmation effect
d. projection bias effect correct answers default effect
when people live in food-rich environment with continual decisions to make, resisting hedonic
temptations can be hard. this describes:
a. loss aversion
