PCH 265 Midterm SCSU-UPDATED NEW 2026
Health
the state of being free from illness or injury.
disease
An abnormal state in which the body is not func oning normally
How to recognize disease?
Signs (fever) and Symptoms (nausea)
Course of a disease?
a descrip on of a disease or other condi on o"en using incidence, prevalence, and case-fatality
Prevelance
The number or propor on of cases of a par cular disease or condi on present in a popula on
at a given me.
Incidence
The number or rate of new cases of a par cular condi on during a specific me.
acute
New, usually of rapid onset and of concern, opposite of chronic
E ology
cause of disease
Pathogenisis
development of disease
idiopathic
unknown cause
lesion
damaged gene, enzyme, cells, ssues or organs
risk factors
, factors linked with a disease by associa on but not yet proved to be causes.
immunity
Resistance to disease
non-specific immunity
innate
Specific Immunity
Acquired or adap ve immunity: recognize specific agents, adapt/respond and target these
agent
physical immunity
physically bars pathogens from entering the body
chemical barriers to infec on
-saliva, tears, and mucus which all contain the enzyme lysozyme, which degrades bacterial cell
walls and causes them to lyse, or burst
-cells con nuously secrete an microbial pep des into the bloodstream
cellular defenses
take over when physical barriers are breached; includes the formed elements and leukocytes
humoral immunity
an body-mediated immunity
cell-mediated immunity
type of immunity produced by T cells that a1ack infected or abnormal body cells ACTIVATED
LYMPHOCYTES
Immunoglobins (an bodies)
plasma pro ens. An bodies bind to an gens to mark them for destruc on
Autoimmunity
reac on of immune response to one's own ssues
autoimmune disease
Health
the state of being free from illness or injury.
disease
An abnormal state in which the body is not func oning normally
How to recognize disease?
Signs (fever) and Symptoms (nausea)
Course of a disease?
a descrip on of a disease or other condi on o"en using incidence, prevalence, and case-fatality
Prevelance
The number or propor on of cases of a par cular disease or condi on present in a popula on
at a given me.
Incidence
The number or rate of new cases of a par cular condi on during a specific me.
acute
New, usually of rapid onset and of concern, opposite of chronic
E ology
cause of disease
Pathogenisis
development of disease
idiopathic
unknown cause
lesion
damaged gene, enzyme, cells, ssues or organs
risk factors
, factors linked with a disease by associa on but not yet proved to be causes.
immunity
Resistance to disease
non-specific immunity
innate
Specific Immunity
Acquired or adap ve immunity: recognize specific agents, adapt/respond and target these
agent
physical immunity
physically bars pathogens from entering the body
chemical barriers to infec on
-saliva, tears, and mucus which all contain the enzyme lysozyme, which degrades bacterial cell
walls and causes them to lyse, or burst
-cells con nuously secrete an microbial pep des into the bloodstream
cellular defenses
take over when physical barriers are breached; includes the formed elements and leukocytes
humoral immunity
an body-mediated immunity
cell-mediated immunity
type of immunity produced by T cells that a1ack infected or abnormal body cells ACTIVATED
LYMPHOCYTES
Immunoglobins (an bodies)
plasma pro ens. An bodies bind to an gens to mark them for destruc on
Autoimmunity
reac on of immune response to one's own ssues
autoimmune disease
