PATH 120 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Why does our body do anabolism? - Answer- - no exercises and high food intake
means sugars and fats are stored a lot.
- low exercise means adipose storage
- high food intake means high blood sugar and low basal metabolic rate
Why does our body do catabolism? - Answer- - exercise and fasting causes more
catabolic process
- high exercise means adipose breakdown
- low food intake means energy deficiency, low blood sugar and induced hunger
What organ produces insulin? - Answer- Pancreas
Explain insulin binding - Answer- Insulin binds to its receptor outside of the cell. The
receptor is activated which signals an increase in anabolic activity
What is chicken pox? - Answer- A highly contagious viral infection causing an itchy,
blister-like rash on the skin.
symptoms: fatigue, fever, headache
Benefits of vaccines - Answer- - most powerful prevention method
- cost effective
however some groups cannot get vaccinated (infants, elderly, pregnant people,
immunocompromised people
What is herd immunity? - Answer- When a majority of a population are vaccinated
against a disease. This means that even people who have not been vaccinated are less
likely to get it because there are fewer people to catch it from.
What is the difference between gram positive and negative - Answer- Negative gram
has a thin peptidoglycan wall surrounded by 2 lipid layers , positive gram has 1 thick
peptidoglycan wall and 1 cytoplasmic membrane
What are antibiotics? - Answer- Small molecules used as medications or produced by
microorganisms that can stop the growth or kill micrioorganisms
,What are antimicrobials? - Answer- agent (natural or synthetic) that stops the growth or
kills microorganisms
How do antibiotics target? - Answer- - bacteriostatic drugs: inhibit bacterial growth with
the help of the immune system
Bactericidal drugs: kills bacteria without the immune system
Broad spectrum vs narrow spectrum - Answer- Broad spectrum: kills a wide range if
bacteria
Narrow spectrum: active against a small group of organisms
What are the 5 antibiotic targets? - Answer- - cell wall synthesis inhibitors
- metabolic pathway disruptors
- nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors
- protein synthesis inhibitors
- cell membrane disruptors
What are cell wall synthesis inhibitors - Answer- - cell wall provides protection from
internal pressure and environment
- inhibitors prevent proper cell wall formation
e.g: penicillin
Describe the structure of a neuron - Answer- - cell body: containing the nucleus
- dendrites: treelike features that extend from the cell body and contain receptors
- axon: transmits outgoing signals away from the cell body
-axon terminals: where neurotransmitters, where signals are transmitted to adjacent
neurons
- myelin sheath: fatty coating for axons, insulation for signals, speeds up transmission
(not on all axons)
What are 3 indigenous ways of experimental learning - Answer- 1. Observation
2. Action
3. Reflexion
What is the definition of pathology - Answer- Study of disease, it's cause/effects, and
process of planning a course of treatment
What is etiology? - Answer- cause of disease
What is pathogenesis? - Answer- how a disease develops (mechanisms of action)
What is a biochemical change? - Answer- - "lab test values"
- build up of substances or loss of substances
- ex: DNA sequencing, glucose levels, antigen testing, HDL+ LDL levels.
, What is a morphological change? - Answer- - structural or tissue changes
- changes to cellular level
- "how it looks", blood smear, biopsy results
What is a functional change? - Answer- - symptoms
- "how its working"
ex: high blood pressure, loss of mobility
What is a natural history? - Answer- - the progression and projected outcome of the
disease without medical intervention
- likely outcome/ prognosis
What is treatment? - Answer- Management/ care of patient
What are complications? - Answer- - New secondary or additional problems
- Short an longterm effects
What are 4 Indigenous ways to transmit knowledge to future generations. - Answer- 1.
Through knowledge keepers
2. Ceremonical speeches
3. Storytelling
4. Sharing circles
What are 2 important Indigenous values? - Answer- 1. Relationality: Were all related
(people+ nature+ spiritual world)
2. Spirituality: Practices are sacred and secular.
What are the 7 grand father values? - Answer- 1. Courage
2. Love
3. Honesty
4. Wisdom
5. Humility
6. Truth
7. Respect
What are the 4 sections of the medicine wheel and describe what they mean? - Answer-
Spiritual: cultural safety, strenght and resiliences
Physical: Capacities, mobility, comorbidity, awarnes and prevention
Mental: Housing, family, community and ceremony
Emotional: Casuality, access to equipment and services
What is an ally? - Answer- A person who:
- recognizes privilege
- educated
- takes responsibility for change
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Why does our body do anabolism? - Answer- - no exercises and high food intake
means sugars and fats are stored a lot.
- low exercise means adipose storage
- high food intake means high blood sugar and low basal metabolic rate
Why does our body do catabolism? - Answer- - exercise and fasting causes more
catabolic process
- high exercise means adipose breakdown
- low food intake means energy deficiency, low blood sugar and induced hunger
What organ produces insulin? - Answer- Pancreas
Explain insulin binding - Answer- Insulin binds to its receptor outside of the cell. The
receptor is activated which signals an increase in anabolic activity
What is chicken pox? - Answer- A highly contagious viral infection causing an itchy,
blister-like rash on the skin.
symptoms: fatigue, fever, headache
Benefits of vaccines - Answer- - most powerful prevention method
- cost effective
however some groups cannot get vaccinated (infants, elderly, pregnant people,
immunocompromised people
What is herd immunity? - Answer- When a majority of a population are vaccinated
against a disease. This means that even people who have not been vaccinated are less
likely to get it because there are fewer people to catch it from.
What is the difference between gram positive and negative - Answer- Negative gram
has a thin peptidoglycan wall surrounded by 2 lipid layers , positive gram has 1 thick
peptidoglycan wall and 1 cytoplasmic membrane
What are antibiotics? - Answer- Small molecules used as medications or produced by
microorganisms that can stop the growth or kill micrioorganisms
,What are antimicrobials? - Answer- agent (natural or synthetic) that stops the growth or
kills microorganisms
How do antibiotics target? - Answer- - bacteriostatic drugs: inhibit bacterial growth with
the help of the immune system
Bactericidal drugs: kills bacteria without the immune system
Broad spectrum vs narrow spectrum - Answer- Broad spectrum: kills a wide range if
bacteria
Narrow spectrum: active against a small group of organisms
What are the 5 antibiotic targets? - Answer- - cell wall synthesis inhibitors
- metabolic pathway disruptors
- nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors
- protein synthesis inhibitors
- cell membrane disruptors
What are cell wall synthesis inhibitors - Answer- - cell wall provides protection from
internal pressure and environment
- inhibitors prevent proper cell wall formation
e.g: penicillin
Describe the structure of a neuron - Answer- - cell body: containing the nucleus
- dendrites: treelike features that extend from the cell body and contain receptors
- axon: transmits outgoing signals away from the cell body
-axon terminals: where neurotransmitters, where signals are transmitted to adjacent
neurons
- myelin sheath: fatty coating for axons, insulation for signals, speeds up transmission
(not on all axons)
What are 3 indigenous ways of experimental learning - Answer- 1. Observation
2. Action
3. Reflexion
What is the definition of pathology - Answer- Study of disease, it's cause/effects, and
process of planning a course of treatment
What is etiology? - Answer- cause of disease
What is pathogenesis? - Answer- how a disease develops (mechanisms of action)
What is a biochemical change? - Answer- - "lab test values"
- build up of substances or loss of substances
- ex: DNA sequencing, glucose levels, antigen testing, HDL+ LDL levels.
, What is a morphological change? - Answer- - structural or tissue changes
- changes to cellular level
- "how it looks", blood smear, biopsy results
What is a functional change? - Answer- - symptoms
- "how its working"
ex: high blood pressure, loss of mobility
What is a natural history? - Answer- - the progression and projected outcome of the
disease without medical intervention
- likely outcome/ prognosis
What is treatment? - Answer- Management/ care of patient
What are complications? - Answer- - New secondary or additional problems
- Short an longterm effects
What are 4 Indigenous ways to transmit knowledge to future generations. - Answer- 1.
Through knowledge keepers
2. Ceremonical speeches
3. Storytelling
4. Sharing circles
What are 2 important Indigenous values? - Answer- 1. Relationality: Were all related
(people+ nature+ spiritual world)
2. Spirituality: Practices are sacred and secular.
What are the 7 grand father values? - Answer- 1. Courage
2. Love
3. Honesty
4. Wisdom
5. Humility
6. Truth
7. Respect
What are the 4 sections of the medicine wheel and describe what they mean? - Answer-
Spiritual: cultural safety, strenght and resiliences
Physical: Capacities, mobility, comorbidity, awarnes and prevention
Mental: Housing, family, community and ceremony
Emotional: Casuality, access to equipment and services
What is an ally? - Answer- A person who:
- recognizes privilege
- educated
- takes responsibility for change
