N340 | N340 Exam 3: Public Health - WCU Updated
and Latest Questions and Correct Answers with
Rationale
1. A community health nurse is conducting a windshield survey. Which of the following
observations is an example of the ‘neighborhood environment’ component?
A. The prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly population.
B. The condition of housing and presence of vacant lots.
C. The number of religious institutions in the area.
D. The language spoken by children on the playground.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The windshield survey involves observing the physical environment while
driving through a community. Monitoring housing conditions and vacant lots directly
relates to the physical and built environment of the neighborhood. Evaluating prevalence
rates is part of secondary data analysis, not an observation. Religious institutions fall under
the social system category rather than physical environment. Observing these tangible
structures helps the nurse identify potential health hazards like lead paint or unsafe play
areas.
2. Which intervention should the nurse implement as a form of primary prevention for a
population of migrant farmworkers?
A. Educating workers on the proper use of personal protective equipment.
B. Treating skin rashes caused by pesticide exposure.
C. Providing screening for tuberculosis in the work camps.
D. Referring workers with chronic back pain to physical therapy.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of a disease or
injury. Education about protective equipment prevents exposure to pesticides before harm
occurs. Screening for tuberculosis is considered secondary prevention because it aims for
early detection. Treatment for rashes and physical therapy for back pain are classified as
tertiary prevention. Effective primary prevention reduces the overall burden of
occupational hazards in vulnerable migrant communities.
3. A nurse is using the ASKED model to develop cultural competence. What does the ‘D’ in
ASKED stand for?
A. Diversity
B. Demographics
,C. Desire
D. Determinants
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ASKED model represents Awareness, Skill, Knowledge, Encounters, and
Desire. Desire refers to the nurse’s internal motivation to want to engage in the process of
becoming culturally competent. Diversity and demographics are concepts within public
health but not specific components of this mnemonic. Determinants refers to social factors
that affect health outcomes rather than personal professional growth. Cultivating a true
desire to learn about others is essential for effective cross-cultural nursing care.
4. Which factor is considered a social determinant of health that significantly impacts the
outcomes of a vulnerable population?
A. Genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes.
B. Individual choice to consume a high-sodium diet.
C. Availability of safe and affordable public transportation.
D. Biological age and gender of the individual.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born,
grow, live, work, and age. Public transportation is a neighborhood and built environment
factor that influences access to healthcare and fresh food. Genetics and biological age are
considered non-modifiable biological factors rather than social ones. Individual dietary
choices are health behaviors influenced by social factors but are not the determinants
themselves. Addressing transportation barriers is a key strategy for improving health
equity in underserved regions.
5. When assessing a homeless population, which health issue is the nurse most likely to
identify as a common comorbid condition?
A. Substance use disorders and mental health issues.
B. High rates of vitamin D toxicity from sun exposure.
C. Lower incidence of respiratory infections due to outdoor living.
D. Rare genetic disorders not found in the general population.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Homeless individuals frequently experience a triad of physical illness, mental
health disorders, and substance use issues. These comorbid conditions often exacerbate
one another and create barriers to obtaining stable housing. Respiratory infections are
actually more common due to exposure and crowded shelter conditions. Vitamin D toxicity
, is rare, while malnutrition is far more prevalent in this group. Comprehensive care for this
population must integrate mental health services with physical health interventions.
6. Which action demonstrates the nurse’s use of cultural humility?
A. Memorizing a list of common beliefs for every ethnic group in the city.
B. Continuously self-reflecting on personal biases and power imbalances.
C. Assuming that all members of a specific religion will refuse blood products.
D. Asking the patient’s family to conform to the hospital’s standard visiting hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cultural humility involves a lifelong commitment to self-evaluation and critique
of one’s own biases. It differs from cultural competence by acknowledging that a nurse can
never truly be an ‘expert’ in another’s culture. Memorizing lists or making assumptions
leads to stereotyping, which is the opposite of humble practice. Flexibility with visiting
hours would be a better demonstration of cultural sensitivity than enforcing rigid rules.
This approach fosters a more egalitarian relationship between the healthcare provider and
the patient.
7. A public health nurse is reviewing secondary data for a community assessment. Which
source should the nurse use?
A. Notes from a town hall meeting conducted last week.
B. Vital statistics from the state health department website.
C. Observations made during a recent windshield survey.
D. Responses from interviews with local business owners.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary data consists of information that has already been collected by
someone else for a different purpose. State vital statistics provide reliable data on births,
deaths, and marriage rates at the community level. Town hall notes, windshield surveys,
and interviews are examples of primary data collected directly by the nurse. Using
secondary data allows for a more efficient analysis of long-term health trends in the
population. It provides a statistical backbone that complements the qualitative findings
from primary data collection.
8. A nurse is caring for a refugee who has recently arrived in the United States. Which is the
priority assessment?
A. Assessing the patient’s long-term career goals.
B. Determining the patient’s eligibility for private health insurance.
C. Evaluating the patient’s knowledge of the U.S. political system.
and Latest Questions and Correct Answers with
Rationale
1. A community health nurse is conducting a windshield survey. Which of the following
observations is an example of the ‘neighborhood environment’ component?
A. The prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly population.
B. The condition of housing and presence of vacant lots.
C. The number of religious institutions in the area.
D. The language spoken by children on the playground.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The windshield survey involves observing the physical environment while
driving through a community. Monitoring housing conditions and vacant lots directly
relates to the physical and built environment of the neighborhood. Evaluating prevalence
rates is part of secondary data analysis, not an observation. Religious institutions fall under
the social system category rather than physical environment. Observing these tangible
structures helps the nurse identify potential health hazards like lead paint or unsafe play
areas.
2. Which intervention should the nurse implement as a form of primary prevention for a
population of migrant farmworkers?
A. Educating workers on the proper use of personal protective equipment.
B. Treating skin rashes caused by pesticide exposure.
C. Providing screening for tuberculosis in the work camps.
D. Referring workers with chronic back pain to physical therapy.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of a disease or
injury. Education about protective equipment prevents exposure to pesticides before harm
occurs. Screening for tuberculosis is considered secondary prevention because it aims for
early detection. Treatment for rashes and physical therapy for back pain are classified as
tertiary prevention. Effective primary prevention reduces the overall burden of
occupational hazards in vulnerable migrant communities.
3. A nurse is using the ASKED model to develop cultural competence. What does the ‘D’ in
ASKED stand for?
A. Diversity
B. Demographics
,C. Desire
D. Determinants
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ASKED model represents Awareness, Skill, Knowledge, Encounters, and
Desire. Desire refers to the nurse’s internal motivation to want to engage in the process of
becoming culturally competent. Diversity and demographics are concepts within public
health but not specific components of this mnemonic. Determinants refers to social factors
that affect health outcomes rather than personal professional growth. Cultivating a true
desire to learn about others is essential for effective cross-cultural nursing care.
4. Which factor is considered a social determinant of health that significantly impacts the
outcomes of a vulnerable population?
A. Genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes.
B. Individual choice to consume a high-sodium diet.
C. Availability of safe and affordable public transportation.
D. Biological age and gender of the individual.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born,
grow, live, work, and age. Public transportation is a neighborhood and built environment
factor that influences access to healthcare and fresh food. Genetics and biological age are
considered non-modifiable biological factors rather than social ones. Individual dietary
choices are health behaviors influenced by social factors but are not the determinants
themselves. Addressing transportation barriers is a key strategy for improving health
equity in underserved regions.
5. When assessing a homeless population, which health issue is the nurse most likely to
identify as a common comorbid condition?
A. Substance use disorders and mental health issues.
B. High rates of vitamin D toxicity from sun exposure.
C. Lower incidence of respiratory infections due to outdoor living.
D. Rare genetic disorders not found in the general population.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Homeless individuals frequently experience a triad of physical illness, mental
health disorders, and substance use issues. These comorbid conditions often exacerbate
one another and create barriers to obtaining stable housing. Respiratory infections are
actually more common due to exposure and crowded shelter conditions. Vitamin D toxicity
, is rare, while malnutrition is far more prevalent in this group. Comprehensive care for this
population must integrate mental health services with physical health interventions.
6. Which action demonstrates the nurse’s use of cultural humility?
A. Memorizing a list of common beliefs for every ethnic group in the city.
B. Continuously self-reflecting on personal biases and power imbalances.
C. Assuming that all members of a specific religion will refuse blood products.
D. Asking the patient’s family to conform to the hospital’s standard visiting hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cultural humility involves a lifelong commitment to self-evaluation and critique
of one’s own biases. It differs from cultural competence by acknowledging that a nurse can
never truly be an ‘expert’ in another’s culture. Memorizing lists or making assumptions
leads to stereotyping, which is the opposite of humble practice. Flexibility with visiting
hours would be a better demonstration of cultural sensitivity than enforcing rigid rules.
This approach fosters a more egalitarian relationship between the healthcare provider and
the patient.
7. A public health nurse is reviewing secondary data for a community assessment. Which
source should the nurse use?
A. Notes from a town hall meeting conducted last week.
B. Vital statistics from the state health department website.
C. Observations made during a recent windshield survey.
D. Responses from interviews with local business owners.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary data consists of information that has already been collected by
someone else for a different purpose. State vital statistics provide reliable data on births,
deaths, and marriage rates at the community level. Town hall notes, windshield surveys,
and interviews are examples of primary data collected directly by the nurse. Using
secondary data allows for a more efficient analysis of long-term health trends in the
population. It provides a statistical backbone that complements the qualitative findings
from primary data collection.
8. A nurse is caring for a refugee who has recently arrived in the United States. Which is the
priority assessment?
A. Assessing the patient’s long-term career goals.
B. Determining the patient’s eligibility for private health insurance.
C. Evaluating the patient’s knowledge of the U.S. political system.
