NURS 306 | NURS306 Final Exam: Expanding
Family and Community - WCU Updated and Latest
Questions and Correct Answers with Rationale
1. A community health nurse is conducting a screening for hypertension at a local senior
center. Which level of prevention is being implemented?
A. Primary prevention
B. Quaternary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Secondary prevention
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and screening of diseases to
limit disability. Screening for hypertension allows for early identification of the condition
before it progresses. This level of care aims to identify individuals in the early stages of a
disease process. Primary prevention would involve education before the disease occurs.
Tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation after a diagnosis is confirmed.
2. Which component of the epidemiological triangle refers to the factors that cause the
disease, such as bacteria or viruses?
A. Agent
B. Environment
C. Host
D. Vector
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The agent is the animate or inanimate factor that must be present for a disease
to develop. Agents can be biological, chemical, physical, or nutritional in nature. In the
epidemiological triangle, the agent interacts with the host and environment. The host
represents the human or animal affected by the agent. The environment includes external
factors that facilitate the transmission of the agent to the host.
3. A nurse is performing a windshield survey of a community. Which of the following is an
example of objective data gathered during this assessment?
A. The nurse’s observation of the condition of housing and public parks
B. Information from a local religious leader about spiritual needs
C. Vital statistics from the state health department website
,D. Opinions from residents at a town hall meeting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A windshield survey involves the systematic observation of a community
through the nurse’s senses. Observations of physical structures like housing and parks
provide direct objective data. This method helps the nurse understand the physical and
social environment of the population. Interviews with leaders provide subjective data from
key informants. State vital statistics are considered secondary data rather than direct
observation.
4. Which of the following interventions represents tertiary prevention for a client with
diabetes?
A. Providing a foot care clinic to prevent ulcerations in diabetic patients
B. Educating high school students about a balanced diet
C. Screening adults for elevated hemoglobin A1c levels
D. Administering a flu vaccine to a diabetic patient
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tertiary prevention aims to manage chronic conditions and prevent further
complications or disabilities. Foot care for diabetics is designed to prevent complications
such as ulcers or amputations. This level of prevention occurs after a disease has already
been diagnosed. Education for healthy students is a form of primary prevention. Screening
adults for A1c levels is classified as secondary prevention.
5. A community health nurse is assessing a family’s internal structure and functional patterns.
Which tool should the nurse use to visualize these relationships?
A. Apgar scale
B. Ecomap
C. Genogram
D. Growth chart
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A genogram is a visual representation of family relationships and medical
history over generations. It helps identify hereditary patterns and internal family
structures through symbols. Nurses use this tool to track both health risks and social
dynamics within the unit. An ecomap differs by showing the family’s relationship with
external community systems. The genogram specifically focuses on the internal genealogy
and health history.
6. What is the primary goal of the ‘I PREPARE’ mnemonic used in community health nursing?
A. To assess a client’s risk for domestic violence
, B. To evaluate a family’s financial stability
C. To screen for potential environmental health exposures
D. To plan for emergency disaster response
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ‘I PREPARE’ mnemonic is a structured tool for assessing environmental
health risks. It prompts the nurse to ask about past and present work and home exposures.
By using this tool, nurses can identify potential toxins that may impact health. Each letter
represents a category such as Investigate, Present work, or Residence. It ensures a
comprehensive evaluation of environmental factors during a clinical interview.
7. During a disaster response, a nurse uses the START triage system. A victim who is breathing
but unconscious should be assigned which color tag?
A. Green (Minor)
B. Red (Immediate)
C. Yellow (Delayed)
D. Black (Deceased)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Red tag signifies life-threatening injuries that require immediate medical
attention for survival. An unconscious patient who is still breathing is prioritized for rapid
intervention. This category is for individuals who have compromised airway, breathing, or
circulation. Yellow tags are for those with stable but serious injuries requiring later care.
Green tags are for the ‘walking wounded’ with minor injuries.
8. Which of the following best describes the concept of ‘herd immunity’?
A. Protection of an unvaccinated group member when a high percentage of the population
is immune
B. The ability of an individual to resist infection after getting a vaccine
C. The natural immunity acquired by a baby through breast milk
D. The process of a virus becoming weaker as it spreads through a community
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Herd immunity occurs when a sufficient portion of a population is immune to
an infectious disease. This level of immunity limits the spread of the pathogen to
susceptible individuals. It effectively protects those who cannot be vaccinated for medical
reasons. The threshold for herd immunity varies depending on the transmissibility of the
disease. It is a critical goal of public health vaccination programs.
Family and Community - WCU Updated and Latest
Questions and Correct Answers with Rationale
1. A community health nurse is conducting a screening for hypertension at a local senior
center. Which level of prevention is being implemented?
A. Primary prevention
B. Quaternary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Secondary prevention
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and screening of diseases to
limit disability. Screening for hypertension allows for early identification of the condition
before it progresses. This level of care aims to identify individuals in the early stages of a
disease process. Primary prevention would involve education before the disease occurs.
Tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation after a diagnosis is confirmed.
2. Which component of the epidemiological triangle refers to the factors that cause the
disease, such as bacteria or viruses?
A. Agent
B. Environment
C. Host
D. Vector
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The agent is the animate or inanimate factor that must be present for a disease
to develop. Agents can be biological, chemical, physical, or nutritional in nature. In the
epidemiological triangle, the agent interacts with the host and environment. The host
represents the human or animal affected by the agent. The environment includes external
factors that facilitate the transmission of the agent to the host.
3. A nurse is performing a windshield survey of a community. Which of the following is an
example of objective data gathered during this assessment?
A. The nurse’s observation of the condition of housing and public parks
B. Information from a local religious leader about spiritual needs
C. Vital statistics from the state health department website
,D. Opinions from residents at a town hall meeting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A windshield survey involves the systematic observation of a community
through the nurse’s senses. Observations of physical structures like housing and parks
provide direct objective data. This method helps the nurse understand the physical and
social environment of the population. Interviews with leaders provide subjective data from
key informants. State vital statistics are considered secondary data rather than direct
observation.
4. Which of the following interventions represents tertiary prevention for a client with
diabetes?
A. Providing a foot care clinic to prevent ulcerations in diabetic patients
B. Educating high school students about a balanced diet
C. Screening adults for elevated hemoglobin A1c levels
D. Administering a flu vaccine to a diabetic patient
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tertiary prevention aims to manage chronic conditions and prevent further
complications or disabilities. Foot care for diabetics is designed to prevent complications
such as ulcers or amputations. This level of prevention occurs after a disease has already
been diagnosed. Education for healthy students is a form of primary prevention. Screening
adults for A1c levels is classified as secondary prevention.
5. A community health nurse is assessing a family’s internal structure and functional patterns.
Which tool should the nurse use to visualize these relationships?
A. Apgar scale
B. Ecomap
C. Genogram
D. Growth chart
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A genogram is a visual representation of family relationships and medical
history over generations. It helps identify hereditary patterns and internal family
structures through symbols. Nurses use this tool to track both health risks and social
dynamics within the unit. An ecomap differs by showing the family’s relationship with
external community systems. The genogram specifically focuses on the internal genealogy
and health history.
6. What is the primary goal of the ‘I PREPARE’ mnemonic used in community health nursing?
A. To assess a client’s risk for domestic violence
, B. To evaluate a family’s financial stability
C. To screen for potential environmental health exposures
D. To plan for emergency disaster response
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ‘I PREPARE’ mnemonic is a structured tool for assessing environmental
health risks. It prompts the nurse to ask about past and present work and home exposures.
By using this tool, nurses can identify potential toxins that may impact health. Each letter
represents a category such as Investigate, Present work, or Residence. It ensures a
comprehensive evaluation of environmental factors during a clinical interview.
7. During a disaster response, a nurse uses the START triage system. A victim who is breathing
but unconscious should be assigned which color tag?
A. Green (Minor)
B. Red (Immediate)
C. Yellow (Delayed)
D. Black (Deceased)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Red tag signifies life-threatening injuries that require immediate medical
attention for survival. An unconscious patient who is still breathing is prioritized for rapid
intervention. This category is for individuals who have compromised airway, breathing, or
circulation. Yellow tags are for those with stable but serious injuries requiring later care.
Green tags are for the ‘walking wounded’ with minor injuries.
8. Which of the following best describes the concept of ‘herd immunity’?
A. Protection of an unvaccinated group member when a high percentage of the population
is immune
B. The ability of an individual to resist infection after getting a vaccine
C. The natural immunity acquired by a baby through breast milk
D. The process of a virus becoming weaker as it spreads through a community
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Herd immunity occurs when a sufficient portion of a population is immune to
an infectious disease. This level of immunity limits the spread of the pathogen to
susceptible individuals. It effectively protects those who cannot be vaccinated for medical
reasons. The threshold for herd immunity varies depending on the transmissibility of the
disease. It is a critical goal of public health vaccination programs.
