NURS 340 | NURS340 Exam 2: RN Community
Health - WCU Updated and Latest Questions and
Correct Answers with Rationale
1. A community health nurse is conducting a program about primary prevention. Which of
the following activities should the nurse include as an example?
A. Providing influenza immunizations to older adults.
B. Performing scoliosis screenings for middle school students.
C. Teaching a client how to use an inhaler after a COPD diagnosis.
D. Leading a support group for individuals recovering from substance use.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of a disease or
injury. Immunizations are a core component of primary prevention as they protect
individuals before exposure. In contrast, screenings are secondary prevention because they
detect existing conditions early. Rehabilitation and support groups fall under tertiary
prevention to manage long-term health issues. Therefore, administering vaccines is the
only choice that aligns with primary prevention goals.
2. Which epidemiological term describes the number of new cases of a disease in a specific
population over a defined period?
A. Prevalence rate
B. Incidence rate
C. Attack rate
D. Mortality rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Incidence rate specifically measures the frequency of new cases within a
population. This metric is essential for understanding the spread of acute diseases over
time. Prevalence rate differs because it includes both new and pre-existing cases. Attack
rate is a specific type of incidence used during outbreaks for a limited duration. Correctly
identifying incidence helps nurses evaluate the effectiveness of primary prevention
strategies.
3. A nurse is implementing tertiary prevention for a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Provide foot care education to prevent ulcers.
B. Screen the client for signs of retinopathy.
,C. Educate the client about healthy food choices.
D. Administer a hepatitis B vaccination.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tertiary prevention aims to reduce the impact of an ongoing illness that has
lasting effects. For a diabetic client, preventing complications like foot ulcers is a key
tertiary intervention. Education on food choices can be primary or secondary depending on
the client’s current health status. Screening for retinopathy is considered secondary
prevention because it focuses on early detection. Vaccinations remain a primary
prevention strategy regardless of the client’s current chronic conditions.
4. A nurse is performing a windshield survey of a community. Which of the following
components should the nurse include in the assessment?
A. Reviewing local census data for demographic trends.
B. Interviewing key informants at the local health department.
C. Observing the condition of housing and public spaces.
D. Analyzing morbidity rates from the previous year.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A windshield survey is a direct observational method used to assess a
community’s environment. Nurses drive or walk through an area to gather objective data
on the physical surroundings. This includes looking at housing quality, availability of
grocery stores, and general safety. Reviewing census data and morbidity rates are
secondary data analysis techniques rather than direct observation. Interviews are part of a
community assessment but are distinct from the windshield survey itself.
5. In the epidemiological triangle, which of the following is considered a host factor?
A. Genetic susceptibility of an individual.
B. Physical environment such as crowded housing.
C. Chemical agents such as pesticides.
D. Biological agents like bacteria or viruses.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The epidemiological triangle consists of the agent, the host, and the
environment. The host is the living being that the agent or environment influences. Genetic
susceptibility is a host factor because it relates to the individual’s internal characteristics.
Environmental factors include external conditions like housing or climate that facilitate
disease transmission. Agents are the actual causes of the disease, such as pathogens or
toxic chemicals.
, 6. A school nurse is planning a secondary prevention activity for high school students. Which
of the following should the nurse include?
A. Screening students for body mass index (BMI) concerns.
B. Developing a program for substance abuse awareness.
C. Providing tobacco cessation classes for current smokers.
D. Ensuring all students have up-to-date immunizations.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention to limit the
severity of a condition. Screening for BMI helps identify students at risk for obesity-related
health issues early. Tobacco cessation is tertiary prevention because it treats an existing
addiction to prevent further damage. Awareness programs and immunizations are primary
prevention strategies designed to stop issues before they start. By performing screenings,
the nurse can refer students to necessary resources before complications arise.
7. An occupational health nurse is reviewing the ‘I PREPARE’ mnemonic for environmental
health assessments. What does the ‘E’ in the mnemonic represent?
A. Environmental factors in the workplace.
B. Environmental concerns in the home.
C. Education levels of the employees.
D. Equipment used for safety protocols.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ‘I PREPARE’ mnemonic is a tool used by nurses to gather a comprehensive
environmental health history. The first ‘E’ specifically stands for environmental concerns
related to the workplace or current surroundings. This allows the nurse to identify
potential exposures to toxins or physical hazards. Other parts of the mnemonic include
Investigate, Present work, Residence, and Past work. Understanding these factors is crucial
for linking a patient’s symptoms to environmental triggers.
8. A community health nurse is calculating the prevalence of a disease. Which information is
required for this calculation?
A. Only the number of new cases identified this year.
B. The total number of existing cases at a specific point in time.
C. The number of deaths caused by the disease in the community.
D. The total number of people who have recovered from the disease.
Correct Answer: B
Health - WCU Updated and Latest Questions and
Correct Answers with Rationale
1. A community health nurse is conducting a program about primary prevention. Which of
the following activities should the nurse include as an example?
A. Providing influenza immunizations to older adults.
B. Performing scoliosis screenings for middle school students.
C. Teaching a client how to use an inhaler after a COPD diagnosis.
D. Leading a support group for individuals recovering from substance use.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of a disease or
injury. Immunizations are a core component of primary prevention as they protect
individuals before exposure. In contrast, screenings are secondary prevention because they
detect existing conditions early. Rehabilitation and support groups fall under tertiary
prevention to manage long-term health issues. Therefore, administering vaccines is the
only choice that aligns with primary prevention goals.
2. Which epidemiological term describes the number of new cases of a disease in a specific
population over a defined period?
A. Prevalence rate
B. Incidence rate
C. Attack rate
D. Mortality rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Incidence rate specifically measures the frequency of new cases within a
population. This metric is essential for understanding the spread of acute diseases over
time. Prevalence rate differs because it includes both new and pre-existing cases. Attack
rate is a specific type of incidence used during outbreaks for a limited duration. Correctly
identifying incidence helps nurses evaluate the effectiveness of primary prevention
strategies.
3. A nurse is implementing tertiary prevention for a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Provide foot care education to prevent ulcers.
B. Screen the client for signs of retinopathy.
,C. Educate the client about healthy food choices.
D. Administer a hepatitis B vaccination.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tertiary prevention aims to reduce the impact of an ongoing illness that has
lasting effects. For a diabetic client, preventing complications like foot ulcers is a key
tertiary intervention. Education on food choices can be primary or secondary depending on
the client’s current health status. Screening for retinopathy is considered secondary
prevention because it focuses on early detection. Vaccinations remain a primary
prevention strategy regardless of the client’s current chronic conditions.
4. A nurse is performing a windshield survey of a community. Which of the following
components should the nurse include in the assessment?
A. Reviewing local census data for demographic trends.
B. Interviewing key informants at the local health department.
C. Observing the condition of housing and public spaces.
D. Analyzing morbidity rates from the previous year.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A windshield survey is a direct observational method used to assess a
community’s environment. Nurses drive or walk through an area to gather objective data
on the physical surroundings. This includes looking at housing quality, availability of
grocery stores, and general safety. Reviewing census data and morbidity rates are
secondary data analysis techniques rather than direct observation. Interviews are part of a
community assessment but are distinct from the windshield survey itself.
5. In the epidemiological triangle, which of the following is considered a host factor?
A. Genetic susceptibility of an individual.
B. Physical environment such as crowded housing.
C. Chemical agents such as pesticides.
D. Biological agents like bacteria or viruses.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The epidemiological triangle consists of the agent, the host, and the
environment. The host is the living being that the agent or environment influences. Genetic
susceptibility is a host factor because it relates to the individual’s internal characteristics.
Environmental factors include external conditions like housing or climate that facilitate
disease transmission. Agents are the actual causes of the disease, such as pathogens or
toxic chemicals.
, 6. A school nurse is planning a secondary prevention activity for high school students. Which
of the following should the nurse include?
A. Screening students for body mass index (BMI) concerns.
B. Developing a program for substance abuse awareness.
C. Providing tobacco cessation classes for current smokers.
D. Ensuring all students have up-to-date immunizations.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention to limit the
severity of a condition. Screening for BMI helps identify students at risk for obesity-related
health issues early. Tobacco cessation is tertiary prevention because it treats an existing
addiction to prevent further damage. Awareness programs and immunizations are primary
prevention strategies designed to stop issues before they start. By performing screenings,
the nurse can refer students to necessary resources before complications arise.
7. An occupational health nurse is reviewing the ‘I PREPARE’ mnemonic for environmental
health assessments. What does the ‘E’ in the mnemonic represent?
A. Environmental factors in the workplace.
B. Environmental concerns in the home.
C. Education levels of the employees.
D. Equipment used for safety protocols.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ‘I PREPARE’ mnemonic is a tool used by nurses to gather a comprehensive
environmental health history. The first ‘E’ specifically stands for environmental concerns
related to the workplace or current surroundings. This allows the nurse to identify
potential exposures to toxins or physical hazards. Other parts of the mnemonic include
Investigate, Present work, Residence, and Past work. Understanding these factors is crucial
for linking a patient’s symptoms to environmental triggers.
8. A community health nurse is calculating the prevalence of a disease. Which information is
required for this calculation?
A. Only the number of new cases identified this year.
B. The total number of existing cases at a specific point in time.
C. The number of deaths caused by the disease in the community.
D. The total number of people who have recovered from the disease.
Correct Answer: B
