NR 324 Exam 2 – Cardiovascular System Questions
with Correct Answers
Heart blood flow - CORRECT ANSWER -- Vena Cava
- Right Atria
- Right Ventricle
- Pulmonary Artery
- Lungs
- Pulmonary Vein
- Left Atria
- Left Ventricle
- Aorta
- Systemic Circulation
Diastole - CORRECT ANSWER -relaxation, blood fills ventricles
Systole - CORRECT ANSWER -when the ventricles contract
Normal Cardiac Output - CORRECT ANSWER -4-6 L/Min
Preload - CORRECT ANSWER -- volume coming into the ventricle (end diastolic
pressure)
- increased in hypervolemia
,Frank Starling Law - CORRECT ANSWER -as a larger volume of blood flows into the
ventricle, the blood will stretch the walls of the heart, causing a greater expansion
during diastole, which in turn increases the force of the contraction and thus the
quantity of blood that is pumped into the aorta during systole.
Afterload - CORRECT ANSWER -- resistance the left ventricle must overcome to
circulate the blood
- increased in hypertension
Stroke Volume - CORRECT ANSWER -amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle
in one contraction (can be left or right)
Positive Inotropic Agents - CORRECT ANSWER -- medicines that increase the force
of your heart's contractions
-digoxin, calcium, dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine
Negative Inotropic - CORRECT ANSWER -- weaken the force of the heartbeat
- Acetylcholine from Vagus nerve
P - CORRECT ANSWER -- atrial depolarization
- SA Node Initiates this
QRS - CORRECT ANSWER -Ventricles contract
, T - CORRECT ANSWER -repolarization (recovery)
Cardiac Output - CORRECT ANSWER -- the amount of blood pumped by each
ventricle in 1 minute (normal 4-8 L/min)
- CO = HR x Stroke Volume
Cardiac Index - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cardiac Output/Body Surface Area
- Normal is 2.8-4.2 L/min/m2)
Sympathetic Nervous System: Effects on the Heart - CORRECT ANSWER -increases
heart rate by the beta adrenergic receptors
Peripheral Nervous System: Effects on the Heart - CORRECT ANSWER -decreases
heart rate by the vagus nerve
Sympathetic Nervous System: Effect on Blood Vessels - CORRECT ANSWER -
increases vasoconstriction by a1-adrenergic receptors, decreases vasodilation by
a1-adrenergic receptors
Baroreceptors - CORRECT ANSWER -sensitive to stretch or pressure with the
arterial system (aortic arch and carotid sinus) Fast response in changes in blood
pressure
Chemoreceptors - CORRECT ANSWER -capable of causing changes in respiratory
rate and BP in response of increased CO2 (aortic/carotid bodies and medulla)
with Correct Answers
Heart blood flow - CORRECT ANSWER -- Vena Cava
- Right Atria
- Right Ventricle
- Pulmonary Artery
- Lungs
- Pulmonary Vein
- Left Atria
- Left Ventricle
- Aorta
- Systemic Circulation
Diastole - CORRECT ANSWER -relaxation, blood fills ventricles
Systole - CORRECT ANSWER -when the ventricles contract
Normal Cardiac Output - CORRECT ANSWER -4-6 L/Min
Preload - CORRECT ANSWER -- volume coming into the ventricle (end diastolic
pressure)
- increased in hypervolemia
,Frank Starling Law - CORRECT ANSWER -as a larger volume of blood flows into the
ventricle, the blood will stretch the walls of the heart, causing a greater expansion
during diastole, which in turn increases the force of the contraction and thus the
quantity of blood that is pumped into the aorta during systole.
Afterload - CORRECT ANSWER -- resistance the left ventricle must overcome to
circulate the blood
- increased in hypertension
Stroke Volume - CORRECT ANSWER -amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle
in one contraction (can be left or right)
Positive Inotropic Agents - CORRECT ANSWER -- medicines that increase the force
of your heart's contractions
-digoxin, calcium, dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine
Negative Inotropic - CORRECT ANSWER -- weaken the force of the heartbeat
- Acetylcholine from Vagus nerve
P - CORRECT ANSWER -- atrial depolarization
- SA Node Initiates this
QRS - CORRECT ANSWER -Ventricles contract
, T - CORRECT ANSWER -repolarization (recovery)
Cardiac Output - CORRECT ANSWER -- the amount of blood pumped by each
ventricle in 1 minute (normal 4-8 L/min)
- CO = HR x Stroke Volume
Cardiac Index - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cardiac Output/Body Surface Area
- Normal is 2.8-4.2 L/min/m2)
Sympathetic Nervous System: Effects on the Heart - CORRECT ANSWER -increases
heart rate by the beta adrenergic receptors
Peripheral Nervous System: Effects on the Heart - CORRECT ANSWER -decreases
heart rate by the vagus nerve
Sympathetic Nervous System: Effect on Blood Vessels - CORRECT ANSWER -
increases vasoconstriction by a1-adrenergic receptors, decreases vasodilation by
a1-adrenergic receptors
Baroreceptors - CORRECT ANSWER -sensitive to stretch or pressure with the
arterial system (aortic arch and carotid sinus) Fast response in changes in blood
pressure
Chemoreceptors - CORRECT ANSWER -capable of causing changes in respiratory
rate and BP in response of increased CO2 (aortic/carotid bodies and medulla)
