NR 569 Midterm Exam (Latest Update
) Differential Diagnosis in
Acute Care Practicum | Questions &
Answers 100% Correct [Grade A]–
Chamberlain
Evaluation and Management (E/M) codes - correct answer Evaluation and
management (E/M) coding involves the use of CPT codes ranging from 99202-99499.
These represent services by a provider in which the provider is either evaluating or
managing a patient's health.
Evidence-Based Medicine - correct answer - The conscientious, explicit, judicious and
reasonable use of modern, best evidence in making decisions about the care of
individual patients.
PICOT question - correct answer - A mnemonic derived from the elements of a
clinical research question - Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome and Time. The
,PICOT process begins with a case scenario, and the question is phrased to elicit an
answer.
Sensitivity - correct answer Sensitivity refers to a test's ability to designate an
individual with a disease as positive.
- A sensitive test correctly identifies patients do who have the disease in question.
Tests with high sensitivity are ideal screening tests to discover as many patients as
possible with the disease, frequently a tradeoff of increased false positive results.
**Confirmatory testing may require a more specific test.**
Sensitivity Formula - correct answer - To calculate sensitivity the number of patients
who do have the disease and test positive (true positive = TP) is divided by all who
have the disease, including those who falsely test negative (false negative = FN)
,- TP/(TP + FN)
Specificity - correct answer - Specificity refers to the ability of testing to recognize
patients who do not have the disease.
- For example, D-Dimer has high sensitivity and will be positive in most cases of PE;
however, this comes at the cost of a high false positive rate due to low specificity. A
confirmatory, more specific, imaging test may be required to make the diagnosis.
Specificity Formula - correct answer - To calculate specificity, the number of patients
who test negative and do not have the disease (true negative = TN) is divided by the
total number without the disease, including those who falsely test positive (false
positive = FP).
- TN/(TN + FP)
, SPIN & SNOUT - correct answer SPecific test rule IN disease (SPIN) while SeNsitive
tests rule OUT disease (SNOUT).
Positive Predictive Value (PPV) - correct answer - Positive Predictive Value (PPV)
reports the probability that a patient has the disease after testing positive for it.
Positive predictive value is markedly dependent on the prevalence of the disease in
question.
- TP/(TP + FP)
Negative Predictive Value (NPV) - correct answer - Negative predictive value (NPV)
describes the probability that a patient does not have the disease following a
) Differential Diagnosis in
Acute Care Practicum | Questions &
Answers 100% Correct [Grade A]–
Chamberlain
Evaluation and Management (E/M) codes - correct answer Evaluation and
management (E/M) coding involves the use of CPT codes ranging from 99202-99499.
These represent services by a provider in which the provider is either evaluating or
managing a patient's health.
Evidence-Based Medicine - correct answer - The conscientious, explicit, judicious and
reasonable use of modern, best evidence in making decisions about the care of
individual patients.
PICOT question - correct answer - A mnemonic derived from the elements of a
clinical research question - Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome and Time. The
,PICOT process begins with a case scenario, and the question is phrased to elicit an
answer.
Sensitivity - correct answer Sensitivity refers to a test's ability to designate an
individual with a disease as positive.
- A sensitive test correctly identifies patients do who have the disease in question.
Tests with high sensitivity are ideal screening tests to discover as many patients as
possible with the disease, frequently a tradeoff of increased false positive results.
**Confirmatory testing may require a more specific test.**
Sensitivity Formula - correct answer - To calculate sensitivity the number of patients
who do have the disease and test positive (true positive = TP) is divided by all who
have the disease, including those who falsely test negative (false negative = FN)
,- TP/(TP + FN)
Specificity - correct answer - Specificity refers to the ability of testing to recognize
patients who do not have the disease.
- For example, D-Dimer has high sensitivity and will be positive in most cases of PE;
however, this comes at the cost of a high false positive rate due to low specificity. A
confirmatory, more specific, imaging test may be required to make the diagnosis.
Specificity Formula - correct answer - To calculate specificity, the number of patients
who test negative and do not have the disease (true negative = TN) is divided by the
total number without the disease, including those who falsely test positive (false
positive = FP).
- TN/(TN + FP)
, SPIN & SNOUT - correct answer SPecific test rule IN disease (SPIN) while SeNsitive
tests rule OUT disease (SNOUT).
Positive Predictive Value (PPV) - correct answer - Positive Predictive Value (PPV)
reports the probability that a patient has the disease after testing positive for it.
Positive predictive value is markedly dependent on the prevalence of the disease in
question.
- TP/(TP + FP)
Negative Predictive Value (NPV) - correct answer - Negative predictive value (NPV)
describes the probability that a patient does not have the disease following a
