NURS 110 | NURS110 Exam 3: Introduction to
Professional Nursing - WCU Updated and Latest
Questions and Correct Answers with Rationale
1. A nurse is caring for a patient from a different culture who refuses a blood transfusion due
to religious beliefs. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
A. Inform the patient that the transfusion is life-saving and must be done.
B. Request a psychiatric consultation to evaluate the patient’s decision-making capacity.
C. Ask the family members to persuade the patient to accept the treatment.
D. Respect the patient’s decision and document the refusal while notifying the provider.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Respecting a patient’s religious refusal of treatment is a fundamental
aspect of cultural competence and autonomy. The nurse’s primary role is to advocate for
the patient’s wishes while ensuring they are fully informed of the risks. Documenting the
refusal and notifying the healthcare provider ensures that the legal and clinical records are
accurate. Coercing a patient or involving family against the patient’s will violates ethical
standards of care. Providing culturally sensitive care improves the therapeutic relationship
and maintains patient dignity.
2. Which of the following best describes the goal of patient-centered care in a healthcare
environment?
A. Partnering with patients and families to align care with their preferences and values.
B. Standardizing all nursing procedures to ensure clinical efficiency.
C. Prioritizing hospital policies over individual patient requests.
D. Ensuring the physician makes all final decisions regarding the care plan.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Patient-centered care focuses on establishing a partnership between
practitioners, patients, and their families. This approach ensures that healthcare decisions
respect the patient’s wants, needs, and preferences. By involving the patient in the care
plan, the nurse promotes better health outcomes and higher patient satisfaction.
Standardizing procedures is important for safety but does not define the personalized
nature of this model. Ultimately, this framework empowers patients to take an active role
in managing their own health.
3. A nurse is using the SBAR tool to communicate with a physician about a patient’s
deteriorating condition. What does the ‘A’ in SBAR stand for?
A. Action
,B. Assessment
C. Accountability
D. Agreement
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The SBAR tool is a structured communication technique used to
improve safety during patient hand-offs and urgent updates. The ‘A’ stands for Assessment,
where the nurse provides their professional analysis of the current situation. This helps the
receiver understand the severity of the patient’s condition and the urgency of the response
needed. Effective communication via SBAR reduces the risk of errors related to
misinterpretation or missing data. By using standardized tools, the interdisciplinary team
can collaborate more efficiently to protect patient safety.
4. When a nurse advocates for a patient who is unable to speak for themselves, which ethical
principle is primarily being upheld?
A. Justice
B. Fidelity
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Autonomy
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to self-determination and
making their own healthcare decisions. When a patient is incapacitated, the nurse acts as
an advocate to ensure the patient’s previously expressed wishes are honored. This ethical
duty requires the nurse to look beyond their own values to support the patient’s
perspective. Advocacy is a core component of professional nursing that protects the
patient’s dignity and rights. Failure to uphold autonomy can lead to ethical distress and a
breakdown in trust within the healthcare system.
5. A nurse notes that a patient is hesitant to ask questions during a discharge teaching
session. Which action promotes effective communication and health literacy?
A. Provide the patient with high-level medical journals to read at home.
B. Tell the patient that the information is simple and they should not worry.
C. Assume the patient understands everything since they are nodding.
D. Use the ‘teach-back’ method to verify the patient’s understanding.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: The teach-back method is a validated strategy to confirm that a
patient understands the information provided. It requires the patient to repeat the
, instructions in their own words, which reveals gaps in knowledge. Using plain language
and avoiding medical jargon is also essential for promoting health literacy. Simply
assuming understanding based on non-verbal cues like nodding can lead to dangerous
medication errors at home. Effective teaching empowers the patient to manage their
condition safely and reduces the likelihood of readmission.
6. In a team-based healthcare environment, which behavior is essential for effective
collaboration?
A. Sharing relevant patient information openly with all members of the care team.
B. Maintaining a strict hierarchy where the nurse only talks to other nurses.
C. Completing all tasks independently to avoid bothering colleagues.
D. Allowing the most senior staff member to make all decisions without input.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Effective collaboration relies on open communication and the sharing
of information across different disciplines. Every team member brings a unique perspective
that contributes to a comprehensive plan of care. Independent task completion can lead to
fragmented care and the oversight of critical patient needs. A healthy team culture
encourages input from all levels of staff regardless of their seniority. Collaborative practice
is linked to improved patient outcomes and a decrease in preventable medical errors.
7. A nurse is caring for a patient who identifies as transgender. Which action by the nurse
demonstrates respect for diversity and dignity?
A. Use the patient’s preferred name and pronouns.
B. Ask the patient why they chose to transition.
C. Refer to the patient using the gender listed on their original birth certificate.
D. Avoid talking about gender altogether to prevent awkwardness.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Using a patient’s preferred name and pronouns is a vital sign of
respect and validation of their identity. This practice helps create a safe and inclusive
environment for patients who may have experienced healthcare discrimination. Nurses
must be proactive in learning and honoring the specific needs of the LGBTQ+ community.
Disregarding a patient’s identity can lead to psychological distress and avoidance of
necessary medical care. Professional nursing standards mandate that care be provided
with respect for the inherent dignity of every human being.
8. During a multidisciplinary meeting, a nurse suggests a change in the patient’s mobility plan
based on recent observations. Which competency is the nurse demonstrating?
A. Autocratic leadership
B. Quality Improvement
Professional Nursing - WCU Updated and Latest
Questions and Correct Answers with Rationale
1. A nurse is caring for a patient from a different culture who refuses a blood transfusion due
to religious beliefs. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
A. Inform the patient that the transfusion is life-saving and must be done.
B. Request a psychiatric consultation to evaluate the patient’s decision-making capacity.
C. Ask the family members to persuade the patient to accept the treatment.
D. Respect the patient’s decision and document the refusal while notifying the provider.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Respecting a patient’s religious refusal of treatment is a fundamental
aspect of cultural competence and autonomy. The nurse’s primary role is to advocate for
the patient’s wishes while ensuring they are fully informed of the risks. Documenting the
refusal and notifying the healthcare provider ensures that the legal and clinical records are
accurate. Coercing a patient or involving family against the patient’s will violates ethical
standards of care. Providing culturally sensitive care improves the therapeutic relationship
and maintains patient dignity.
2. Which of the following best describes the goal of patient-centered care in a healthcare
environment?
A. Partnering with patients and families to align care with their preferences and values.
B. Standardizing all nursing procedures to ensure clinical efficiency.
C. Prioritizing hospital policies over individual patient requests.
D. Ensuring the physician makes all final decisions regarding the care plan.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Patient-centered care focuses on establishing a partnership between
practitioners, patients, and their families. This approach ensures that healthcare decisions
respect the patient’s wants, needs, and preferences. By involving the patient in the care
plan, the nurse promotes better health outcomes and higher patient satisfaction.
Standardizing procedures is important for safety but does not define the personalized
nature of this model. Ultimately, this framework empowers patients to take an active role
in managing their own health.
3. A nurse is using the SBAR tool to communicate with a physician about a patient’s
deteriorating condition. What does the ‘A’ in SBAR stand for?
A. Action
,B. Assessment
C. Accountability
D. Agreement
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The SBAR tool is a structured communication technique used to
improve safety during patient hand-offs and urgent updates. The ‘A’ stands for Assessment,
where the nurse provides their professional analysis of the current situation. This helps the
receiver understand the severity of the patient’s condition and the urgency of the response
needed. Effective communication via SBAR reduces the risk of errors related to
misinterpretation or missing data. By using standardized tools, the interdisciplinary team
can collaborate more efficiently to protect patient safety.
4. When a nurse advocates for a patient who is unable to speak for themselves, which ethical
principle is primarily being upheld?
A. Justice
B. Fidelity
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Autonomy
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to self-determination and
making their own healthcare decisions. When a patient is incapacitated, the nurse acts as
an advocate to ensure the patient’s previously expressed wishes are honored. This ethical
duty requires the nurse to look beyond their own values to support the patient’s
perspective. Advocacy is a core component of professional nursing that protects the
patient’s dignity and rights. Failure to uphold autonomy can lead to ethical distress and a
breakdown in trust within the healthcare system.
5. A nurse notes that a patient is hesitant to ask questions during a discharge teaching
session. Which action promotes effective communication and health literacy?
A. Provide the patient with high-level medical journals to read at home.
B. Tell the patient that the information is simple and they should not worry.
C. Assume the patient understands everything since they are nodding.
D. Use the ‘teach-back’ method to verify the patient’s understanding.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: The teach-back method is a validated strategy to confirm that a
patient understands the information provided. It requires the patient to repeat the
, instructions in their own words, which reveals gaps in knowledge. Using plain language
and avoiding medical jargon is also essential for promoting health literacy. Simply
assuming understanding based on non-verbal cues like nodding can lead to dangerous
medication errors at home. Effective teaching empowers the patient to manage their
condition safely and reduces the likelihood of readmission.
6. In a team-based healthcare environment, which behavior is essential for effective
collaboration?
A. Sharing relevant patient information openly with all members of the care team.
B. Maintaining a strict hierarchy where the nurse only talks to other nurses.
C. Completing all tasks independently to avoid bothering colleagues.
D. Allowing the most senior staff member to make all decisions without input.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Effective collaboration relies on open communication and the sharing
of information across different disciplines. Every team member brings a unique perspective
that contributes to a comprehensive plan of care. Independent task completion can lead to
fragmented care and the oversight of critical patient needs. A healthy team culture
encourages input from all levels of staff regardless of their seniority. Collaborative practice
is linked to improved patient outcomes and a decrease in preventable medical errors.
7. A nurse is caring for a patient who identifies as transgender. Which action by the nurse
demonstrates respect for diversity and dignity?
A. Use the patient’s preferred name and pronouns.
B. Ask the patient why they chose to transition.
C. Refer to the patient using the gender listed on their original birth certificate.
D. Avoid talking about gender altogether to prevent awkwardness.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Using a patient’s preferred name and pronouns is a vital sign of
respect and validation of their identity. This practice helps create a safe and inclusive
environment for patients who may have experienced healthcare discrimination. Nurses
must be proactive in learning and honoring the specific needs of the LGBTQ+ community.
Disregarding a patient’s identity can lead to psychological distress and avoidance of
necessary medical care. Professional nursing standards mandate that care be provided
with respect for the inherent dignity of every human being.
8. During a multidisciplinary meeting, a nurse suggests a change in the patient’s mobility plan
based on recent observations. Which competency is the nurse demonstrating?
A. Autocratic leadership
B. Quality Improvement
