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1. What is organizational culture?
Answer: Organizational culture refers to the shared values, beliefs, norms, and
practices that shape how members of an organization behave and interact. It
influences decision-making, communication, and overall performance.
2. Identify the key elements of organizational culture.
Answer:
Values
Beliefs
Norms
Symbols
Language
Rituals and ceremonies
3. Differentiate between strong and weak organizational cultures.
Answer:
Strong culture: Shared values are deeply embedded and widely accepted.
Weak culture: Values are not clearly defined or shared, leading to inconsistency.
4. Explain the concept of cultural artifacts.
Answer: Cultural artifacts are visible elements of culture such as dress code, office
layout, logos, and ceremonies that represent deeper values.
5. What are espoused values?
Answer: These are officially stated values and norms preferred by an organization,
often found in mission and vision statements.
, 6. Define basic underlying assumptions in organizational culture.
Answer: These are unconscious, taken-for-granted beliefs that truly guide behavior
within an organization.
7. Who developed the three levels of organizational culture?
Answer: Edgar Schein
8. Outline the three levels of culture according to Schein.
Answer:
Artifacts
Espoused values
Basic underlying assumptions
9. What is the role of leadership in shaping organizational culture?
Answer: Leaders influence culture through their behavior, decisions,
communication, and the values they promote.
10. Explain the term ‘organizational socialization.’
Answer: The process through which new employees learn and adapt to the
organization’s culture.
11. What is a dominant culture?
Answer: The core values shared by the majority of members in an organization.
12. Define subculture in an organization.
Answer: Smaller groups within an organization that have unique values but still
align with the dominant culture.
13. Explain the importance of organizational culture.
Answer:
Enhances employee commitment
Guides behavior