NR 324 Adult Health II Exam 2 Comprehensive Study Quiz 2026
|Chamberlain
1. A patient is diagnosed with Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
(SIADH). Which laboratory result should the nurse expect?
A. Urine specific gravity 1.002
B. Serum osmolality 310 mOsm/kg
C. Serum sodium 125 mEq/L
D. Hematocrit 55%
Answer: C
Rationale: SIADH involves excessive ADH, leading to water retention and dilutional
hyponatremia; therefore, a low serum sodium (normal 135-145) is expected.
2. Which medication is the primary treatment for a patient with Diabetes
Insipidus (DI) to replace missing hormone?
A. Furosemide
B. Regular insulin
C. Spironolactone
D. Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Answer: D
Rationale: Desmopressin is a synthetic analog of ADH and is the drug of choice to treat
central Diabetes Insipidus by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys.
,3. A patient with Addison’s disease is admitted with hypotension, tachycardia,
and hyponatremia. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A. Administering oral glucose tablets
B. Monitoring for weight gain
C. Encouraging a low-sodium diet
D. Initiating rapid intravenous fluid resuscitation
Answer: D
Rationale: Addisonian crisis is a medical emergency requiring rapid fluid replacement
(usually NS) and IV corticosteroids to manage shock and electrolyte imbalances.
4. What physical assessment finding is most characteristic of a patient with
Cushing Syndrome?
A. Sunken eyes and dry mucous membranes
B. Truncal obesity and a buffalo hump
C. Exophthalmos
D. Bronze-colored skin pigmentation
Answer: B
Rationale: Cushing Syndrome is characterized by cortisol excess, leading to abnormal fat
distribution like truncal obesity, buffalo hump, and moon face.
5. A patient is experiencing Thyroid Storm. Which vital sign abnormality is the
nurse most likely to observe?
A. Bradycardia
B. Extreme tachycardia and hyperthermia
C. Hypothermia
D. Bradypnea
Answer: B
Rationale: Thyroid storm is a severe hypermetabolic state characterized by high fever
(hyperthermia), tachycardia, and often cardiovascular collapse.
, 6. In a patient with Myxedema Coma, which assessment finding requires
immediate intervention?
A. Diarrhea
B. Moist skin
C. Hyperactivity
D. Hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis
Answer: D
Rationale: Myxedema coma is the extreme stage of hypothyroidism, presenting with
lethargy, hypoventilation (leading to respiratory failure), and hypothermia.
7. Which assessment finding indicates a positive Chvostek’s sign in a patient
with hypoparathyroidism?
A. Carpal spasm when a blood pressure cuff is inflated
B. Facial muscle twitching when the cheek is tapped
C. Numbness in the fingers
D. Hyperreflexia of the patellar tendon
Answer: B
Rationale: Chvostek’s sign is the twitching of the facial muscles in response to tapping over
the facial nerve, indicating hypocalcemia.
8. A patient in Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) has a blood glucose of 550 mg/dL.
Which IV fluid is initially used for resuscitation?
A. 5% Dextrose in 0.45% Saline
B. 3% Hypertonic Saline
C. 0.9% Normal Saline
D. Sterile Water
Answer: C
Rationale: The initial goal in DKA is to restore extracellular volume and tissue perfusion
using isotonic saline (0.9% NS).
|Chamberlain
1. A patient is diagnosed with Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
(SIADH). Which laboratory result should the nurse expect?
A. Urine specific gravity 1.002
B. Serum osmolality 310 mOsm/kg
C. Serum sodium 125 mEq/L
D. Hematocrit 55%
Answer: C
Rationale: SIADH involves excessive ADH, leading to water retention and dilutional
hyponatremia; therefore, a low serum sodium (normal 135-145) is expected.
2. Which medication is the primary treatment for a patient with Diabetes
Insipidus (DI) to replace missing hormone?
A. Furosemide
B. Regular insulin
C. Spironolactone
D. Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Answer: D
Rationale: Desmopressin is a synthetic analog of ADH and is the drug of choice to treat
central Diabetes Insipidus by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys.
,3. A patient with Addison’s disease is admitted with hypotension, tachycardia,
and hyponatremia. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A. Administering oral glucose tablets
B. Monitoring for weight gain
C. Encouraging a low-sodium diet
D. Initiating rapid intravenous fluid resuscitation
Answer: D
Rationale: Addisonian crisis is a medical emergency requiring rapid fluid replacement
(usually NS) and IV corticosteroids to manage shock and electrolyte imbalances.
4. What physical assessment finding is most characteristic of a patient with
Cushing Syndrome?
A. Sunken eyes and dry mucous membranes
B. Truncal obesity and a buffalo hump
C. Exophthalmos
D. Bronze-colored skin pigmentation
Answer: B
Rationale: Cushing Syndrome is characterized by cortisol excess, leading to abnormal fat
distribution like truncal obesity, buffalo hump, and moon face.
5. A patient is experiencing Thyroid Storm. Which vital sign abnormality is the
nurse most likely to observe?
A. Bradycardia
B. Extreme tachycardia and hyperthermia
C. Hypothermia
D. Bradypnea
Answer: B
Rationale: Thyroid storm is a severe hypermetabolic state characterized by high fever
(hyperthermia), tachycardia, and often cardiovascular collapse.
, 6. In a patient with Myxedema Coma, which assessment finding requires
immediate intervention?
A. Diarrhea
B. Moist skin
C. Hyperactivity
D. Hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis
Answer: D
Rationale: Myxedema coma is the extreme stage of hypothyroidism, presenting with
lethargy, hypoventilation (leading to respiratory failure), and hypothermia.
7. Which assessment finding indicates a positive Chvostek’s sign in a patient
with hypoparathyroidism?
A. Carpal spasm when a blood pressure cuff is inflated
B. Facial muscle twitching when the cheek is tapped
C. Numbness in the fingers
D. Hyperreflexia of the patellar tendon
Answer: B
Rationale: Chvostek’s sign is the twitching of the facial muscles in response to tapping over
the facial nerve, indicating hypocalcemia.
8. A patient in Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) has a blood glucose of 550 mg/dL.
Which IV fluid is initially used for resuscitation?
A. 5% Dextrose in 0.45% Saline
B. 3% Hypertonic Saline
C. 0.9% Normal Saline
D. Sterile Water
Answer: C
Rationale: The initial goal in DKA is to restore extracellular volume and tissue perfusion
using isotonic saline (0.9% NS).
