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Section 1: Growth, Development & Developmental Milestones
Q1: A mother brings her 6-month-old infant for a well-child visit. She mentions the baby
can sit with support, reaches for toys, and babbles "ba-ba-ba." Which developmental
domain should the FNP prioritize assessing next at this visit?
A. Fine motor skills — the ability to transfer objects between hands
B. Gross motor skills — the ability to sit independently without support
C. Social-emotional skills — the ability to show stranger anxiety
D. Language skills — the ability to say "mama" or "dada" specifically
Correct Answer: B
,Rationale: The best answer is B. By 6 months, most infants can sit with support, and the
next expected gross motor milestone is sitting independently, which typically emerges
around 6 to 8 months. Babbling at this age is appropriate, and while stranger anxiety
and independent sitting are both emerging, independent sitting is the gross motor
milestone most closely tied to this age range.
Q2: During a 12-month well-child check, a parent reports their child is not yet pulling to
stand, has no words, and does not wave bye-bye. The child was previously meeting
milestones. Which action is most appropriate?
A. Reassure the parent that boys often develop slower and recheck at 15 months
B. Refer immediately for early intervention services and developmental evaluation
C. Order an MRI of the brain to rule out structural abnormalities
D. Start speech therapy and occupational therapy in the clinic today
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best answer is B. Not pulling to stand by 12 months, having no words,
and lacking social gestures like waving are significant red flags for developmental delay.
The AAP recommends referral for early intervention when milestones are not met, rather
than adopting a "wait and see" approach, especially when skills are not emerging as
expected.
,Q3: A 4-year-old child is brought in for a preschool physical. According to Erikson's
stages of psychosocial development, which crisis is this child most likely navigating?
A. Trust versus mistrust
B. Autonomy versus shame and doubt
C. Initiative versus guilt
D. Industry versus inferiority
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The best answer is C. Preschool-aged children, roughly 3 to 5 years old, are in
Erikson's initiative versus guilt stage. During this time, they begin exploring their
environment, asking questions, and taking on new challenges. If their efforts are
encouraged, they develop a sense of initiative; if constantly criticized, they may develop
guilt.
Q4: A parent asks when they should expect their 2-year-old to start using two-word
phrases. Which response is most accurate?
A. Two-word phrases typically emerge around 15 to 18 months
, B. Two-word phrases typically emerge around 18 to 24 months
C. Two-word phrases typically emerge around 24 to 30 months
D. Two-word phrases typically emerge around 30 to 36 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best answer is B. Most children begin combining two words into simple
phrases, such as "more milk" or "go car," between 18 and 24 months of age. This is a key
language milestone that indicates the child is moving from single-word communication
toward more complex expression.
Q5: A 9-month-old infant is seen for a routine visit. The parent notes the baby is not yet
babbling and does not respond to their name. Which of the following is the most
appropriate next step?
A. Schedule a hearing test and developmental screening
B. Reassure the parent and recheck at the 12-month visit
C. Start the infant on iron supplementation
D. Order genetic testing for Fragile X syndrome
Correct Answer: A