NURS 620 EXAM 1 PREP QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Acute glaucoma characteristics. - correct answer-
usually in ages 50-85. Sudden onset with severe eye pain,
vomiting, headache. Conjunctiva may be infected. Steamy
cornea, pupil may be fixed, partially dilated, narrow chamber
angle. URGENT tx required.
Cataract characteristics. - correct answer- older adults,
PPLV, vision decreased, opacity may be apparent, cloudy lens,
decreased view of fundus, no urgent tx.
Chronic glaucoma characteristics. - correct answer-
usually older than 40, but may be in younger pts. PPLV, halo
around lights. Decreased peripheral field of vision, decreased
central vision is a later sign, increased intraocular pressure,
increased cup-to-disc ration. Normal chamber angle. Usually not
urgent tx.
Define acute otitis media (AOM). - correct answer- acute
illness marked by the presence of middle ear fluid and
inflammation of the mucosa that lines the middle ear space
,Define acute rhinosinusitis. - correct answer- is defined
as symptomatic inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal
sinuses lasting less than four weeks.
Define dry eye. - correct answer- it is a relatively
common syndrome in age 40 and older characterized by
inadequate tear production.
Define otitis media with effusion. - correct answer- is
defined by the presence of middle ear fluid without acute signs
of illness or inflammation of the middle ear mucosa.
Define presbycusis. - correct answer- it is age-related
hearing loss.
Describe the state of the tympanic membrane in the presence of
otitis media. - correct answer- the tympanic membrane
appears cloudy, yellowish, or opaque when there is fluid in the
middle ear. An air-fluid level is present when the tympanic
membrane appears translucent above and opaque below the
line of demarcation. In addition, there may be purulence in the
ear canal if there is an associated tympanic membrane rupture.
, Describe tinnitus. - correct answer- intermittent,
continuous, or pulsatile (synchronus c/ HB). Sounds like escaping
air, running water, seashell, buzzing, ringing, or humming.
Sometimes can be roaring or musical. 1% of population suffers
from chronic tinnitus.
Diabetic retinophathy characteristics. - correct answer-
related to length of time pt. has had DM and any comorbid
conditions. PPLV, vision will usually not imporve with pinhole
test. Varies with stages of retinopathy. Dot-blot hemorrhages,
microaneruysms, lipid exudates, usually not urgent
Explain floaters (regarding visual disturbances). - correct
answer- floaters are commonly caused by the contraction
of the vitreous humor, which is a common sequela of the aging
process (degenerative vitreous changes, or syneresis). Can also
result from tear-film debris or from material in the vitreous.
Usually unilateral when looking at a bright background.
How would you treat acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in patients
with risk factors for antibiotic resistance? - correct answer-
High-dose amoxicillin-clavulanate (2 g/125 mg extended-release
tablets orally twice daily) is appropriate initial therapy for
patients who are at higher risk for resistance.
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Acute glaucoma characteristics. - correct answer-
usually in ages 50-85. Sudden onset with severe eye pain,
vomiting, headache. Conjunctiva may be infected. Steamy
cornea, pupil may be fixed, partially dilated, narrow chamber
angle. URGENT tx required.
Cataract characteristics. - correct answer- older adults,
PPLV, vision decreased, opacity may be apparent, cloudy lens,
decreased view of fundus, no urgent tx.
Chronic glaucoma characteristics. - correct answer-
usually older than 40, but may be in younger pts. PPLV, halo
around lights. Decreased peripheral field of vision, decreased
central vision is a later sign, increased intraocular pressure,
increased cup-to-disc ration. Normal chamber angle. Usually not
urgent tx.
Define acute otitis media (AOM). - correct answer- acute
illness marked by the presence of middle ear fluid and
inflammation of the mucosa that lines the middle ear space
,Define acute rhinosinusitis. - correct answer- is defined
as symptomatic inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal
sinuses lasting less than four weeks.
Define dry eye. - correct answer- it is a relatively
common syndrome in age 40 and older characterized by
inadequate tear production.
Define otitis media with effusion. - correct answer- is
defined by the presence of middle ear fluid without acute signs
of illness or inflammation of the middle ear mucosa.
Define presbycusis. - correct answer- it is age-related
hearing loss.
Describe the state of the tympanic membrane in the presence of
otitis media. - correct answer- the tympanic membrane
appears cloudy, yellowish, or opaque when there is fluid in the
middle ear. An air-fluid level is present when the tympanic
membrane appears translucent above and opaque below the
line of demarcation. In addition, there may be purulence in the
ear canal if there is an associated tympanic membrane rupture.
, Describe tinnitus. - correct answer- intermittent,
continuous, or pulsatile (synchronus c/ HB). Sounds like escaping
air, running water, seashell, buzzing, ringing, or humming.
Sometimes can be roaring or musical. 1% of population suffers
from chronic tinnitus.
Diabetic retinophathy characteristics. - correct answer-
related to length of time pt. has had DM and any comorbid
conditions. PPLV, vision will usually not imporve with pinhole
test. Varies with stages of retinopathy. Dot-blot hemorrhages,
microaneruysms, lipid exudates, usually not urgent
Explain floaters (regarding visual disturbances). - correct
answer- floaters are commonly caused by the contraction
of the vitreous humor, which is a common sequela of the aging
process (degenerative vitreous changes, or syneresis). Can also
result from tear-film debris or from material in the vitreous.
Usually unilateral when looking at a bright background.
How would you treat acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in patients
with risk factors for antibiotic resistance? - correct answer-
High-dose amoxicillin-clavulanate (2 g/125 mg extended-release
tablets orally twice daily) is appropriate initial therapy for
patients who are at higher risk for resistance.
