NR565 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY
FUNDAMENTALS WEEK 1 QUIZ.
Pharmacokinetics
The process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within
the body, metabolized, and excreted.
Pharmacodynamics
The study of what the drug does to the body
Factors Affecting Drug Absorption
Rate of dissolution
Surface area
Blood flow
Lipid solubility
pH partitioning
Factors Affecting Drug Distribution
Blood flow to tissues
Ability to exit the vascular system
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,Blood-brain barrier
Protein-binding capacity
Xenobiotics
substances that are foreign to the body, usually synthetic
chemical compounds; medications are a common example
Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)
xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes necessary for the
production of cholesterol and steroids and the detoxification
of chemicals and drug metabolism.
Function of Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)
responsible for phase 1 metabolism in which drugs are
oxidized, reduced, or hydrolyzed
Phase 1 Metabolism of Drugs via P450
Oxidation; Reduction; Hydrolysis
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, Three possible outcomes of phase 1 drug metabolism.
-Drug becomes completely inactive
-Drug becomes partially inactive but one or more metabolites
remain active
-Original drug is not pharmacologically active but one
metabolite remains active
CYP450 Inducers
Medications that can increase the rate of another drug's
metabolism by elevating CYP450 enzyme activity via
increasing enzyme synthesis. decreasing the concentration of
the "parent drug"
CYP450 Inducer Medications
CRAPGPS
Carbamazepine
Rifampin
Alcohol
Phenytoin
Griseofulvin
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FUNDAMENTALS WEEK 1 QUIZ.
Pharmacokinetics
The process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within
the body, metabolized, and excreted.
Pharmacodynamics
The study of what the drug does to the body
Factors Affecting Drug Absorption
Rate of dissolution
Surface area
Blood flow
Lipid solubility
pH partitioning
Factors Affecting Drug Distribution
Blood flow to tissues
Ability to exit the vascular system
Page 1 of 27
,Blood-brain barrier
Protein-binding capacity
Xenobiotics
substances that are foreign to the body, usually synthetic
chemical compounds; medications are a common example
Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)
xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes necessary for the
production of cholesterol and steroids and the detoxification
of chemicals and drug metabolism.
Function of Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)
responsible for phase 1 metabolism in which drugs are
oxidized, reduced, or hydrolyzed
Phase 1 Metabolism of Drugs via P450
Oxidation; Reduction; Hydrolysis
Page 2 of 27
, Three possible outcomes of phase 1 drug metabolism.
-Drug becomes completely inactive
-Drug becomes partially inactive but one or more metabolites
remain active
-Original drug is not pharmacologically active but one
metabolite remains active
CYP450 Inducers
Medications that can increase the rate of another drug's
metabolism by elevating CYP450 enzyme activity via
increasing enzyme synthesis. decreasing the concentration of
the "parent drug"
CYP450 Inducer Medications
CRAPGPS
Carbamazepine
Rifampin
Alcohol
Phenytoin
Griseofulvin
Page 3 of 27
