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NURS 108: Final Exam Competencies 2026/2027 BANK
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS EXAM
QUESTIONS WILL COME FROM HERE (100% CORRECT
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
Describe the nursing responsibilities witnessing informed consent -
ANSWERS--The surgeon's responsibility is to provide a clear explanation
of the surgery as well as benefits, alternatives, possible risks,
complications, and removal of body parts prior to the patient giving
consent.
The nurse needs to...
1. Clarify the information provided
2. Notify physician if the patient requests additional information
3. Make sure the consent form has been signed before administering
any premedication
4. Assess if the patient was in sound mind before signing forms
(consent is not valid if obtained while the patient is under the influence
of medications that can affect judgment and decision)
Differentiate the different categories of surgical procedures -
ANSWERS--1. Emergent
~Immediate attention/without delay
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~Potentially life threatening
2. Urgent
~Requires prompt attention
~Within 24-30hrs
3. Required
~Surgery is needed within a few weeks or month
4. Elective
~Surgery should be performed
5. Optional
~Patient decides
Ambulatory surgery: outpatient, same-day, short-stay
~Nurse quickly assesses patient and prepares for discharge/follow up
care
Identify the teaching need for the use of postoperative pain
medications - ANSWERS--1. Opioid analgesic agents:
~Commonly prescribed for pain and immediate postoperative
restlessness
~Taken on a schedule (ex: Q6hrs)
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2. PCA pumps:
~Pt can push a button every hour to administer pain meds
~Maintains therapeutic drug levels
3. Epidural infusions:
~Used with caution in chest procedures (may affect respiration)
For all postop pain meds, advise the patient to stand up slowly and walk
with someone to prevent falls (pt may experience dizziness)
Identify the client safety precautions in the preoperative area -
ANSWERS--1. Have all pts in a hospital gown
2. Remove jewelry/any metal
3. Tie all long hair back
4. Remove dentures/plates, glasses, any prosthetic devices
5. Have all pts void before going to the OR
6. If preanesthetic medication is given, raise all side rails and prevent
patient from standing/walking alone
7. Assess for medication reactions
8. Assist in verifying patient ID, surgical procedure, and surgical site
#1: prevent patient from injury!!
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Identify the gerontologic considerations related to surgery - ANSWERS--
~Decreased perspiration leads to dry itchy skin that can become fragile.
Health care providers need to take precautions when moving an older
adult. ~Decreased subcutaneous fat makes older adults more
susceptible to temperature changes. Pt may c/o feeling cold
The elderly have...
~Less physiologic reserve (the ability for an organ to return to normal
after a disturbance)
~Lower cardiac reserves
~Depressed renal and hepatic function
~Reduced GI function
All of these play a role in how the elderly remain stable throughout
surgery and recovery
Identify the nursing considerations related to a surgical client who is
NPO - ANSWERS--Food/drinking fluids are usually withheld to prevent
aspiration during and after surgery
~Normally, restrictions begin 12-24hrs before surgery
~Now, some healthy patients/depending on the procedure, clear liquids
are allowed up to 2hrs before surgery
~If the patient is NPO, they usually are still allowed a sip of water to
take w/ oral meds
NURS 108: Final Exam Competencies 2026/2027 BANK
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS EXAM
QUESTIONS WILL COME FROM HERE (100% CORRECT
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
Describe the nursing responsibilities witnessing informed consent -
ANSWERS--The surgeon's responsibility is to provide a clear explanation
of the surgery as well as benefits, alternatives, possible risks,
complications, and removal of body parts prior to the patient giving
consent.
The nurse needs to...
1. Clarify the information provided
2. Notify physician if the patient requests additional information
3. Make sure the consent form has been signed before administering
any premedication
4. Assess if the patient was in sound mind before signing forms
(consent is not valid if obtained while the patient is under the influence
of medications that can affect judgment and decision)
Differentiate the different categories of surgical procedures -
ANSWERS--1. Emergent
~Immediate attention/without delay
,2|Page
~Potentially life threatening
2. Urgent
~Requires prompt attention
~Within 24-30hrs
3. Required
~Surgery is needed within a few weeks or month
4. Elective
~Surgery should be performed
5. Optional
~Patient decides
Ambulatory surgery: outpatient, same-day, short-stay
~Nurse quickly assesses patient and prepares for discharge/follow up
care
Identify the teaching need for the use of postoperative pain
medications - ANSWERS--1. Opioid analgesic agents:
~Commonly prescribed for pain and immediate postoperative
restlessness
~Taken on a schedule (ex: Q6hrs)
,3|Page
2. PCA pumps:
~Pt can push a button every hour to administer pain meds
~Maintains therapeutic drug levels
3. Epidural infusions:
~Used with caution in chest procedures (may affect respiration)
For all postop pain meds, advise the patient to stand up slowly and walk
with someone to prevent falls (pt may experience dizziness)
Identify the client safety precautions in the preoperative area -
ANSWERS--1. Have all pts in a hospital gown
2. Remove jewelry/any metal
3. Tie all long hair back
4. Remove dentures/plates, glasses, any prosthetic devices
5. Have all pts void before going to the OR
6. If preanesthetic medication is given, raise all side rails and prevent
patient from standing/walking alone
7. Assess for medication reactions
8. Assist in verifying patient ID, surgical procedure, and surgical site
#1: prevent patient from injury!!
, 4|Page
Identify the gerontologic considerations related to surgery - ANSWERS--
~Decreased perspiration leads to dry itchy skin that can become fragile.
Health care providers need to take precautions when moving an older
adult. ~Decreased subcutaneous fat makes older adults more
susceptible to temperature changes. Pt may c/o feeling cold
The elderly have...
~Less physiologic reserve (the ability for an organ to return to normal
after a disturbance)
~Lower cardiac reserves
~Depressed renal and hepatic function
~Reduced GI function
All of these play a role in how the elderly remain stable throughout
surgery and recovery
Identify the nursing considerations related to a surgical client who is
NPO - ANSWERS--Food/drinking fluids are usually withheld to prevent
aspiration during and after surgery
~Normally, restrictions begin 12-24hrs before surgery
~Now, some healthy patients/depending on the procedure, clear liquids
are allowed up to 2hrs before surgery
~If the patient is NPO, they usually are still allowed a sip of water to
take w/ oral meds
