1|Page
Periop 101 Final Exam 2026/2027 BANK QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS EXAM QUESTIONS WILL
COME FROM HERE (100% CORRECT ANSWERS A+ GRADED
Major components of medical video imaging include: - ANSWERS--Fiber
optic light cable, Camera Control Unit (CCU)
Special considerations when using a endoscopic light source are: -
ANSWERS--Place in "standby" mode, do not turn on until light cable is
connected to the telescope, set according to manufacturer's
parameters
Special considerations when using insufflation (establishing a
pneumoperitoneum) - ANSWERS--Always have a backup tank available,
position at the level of the patients heart or higher to prevent gases
from contaminating the device, make sure alarm is on and audible,
maintain pressure under 12 mm/Hg
Advantage of endoscopic surgery versus open surgery - ANSWERS--
Smaller incisions
Special considerations when using laparoscopic instruments -
ANSWERS--Scrub should inspect more closely because of unapparent
,2|Page
defects that may not be apparent with casual observation, focus on
insulation because of risk for thermal burns if not intact
Special considerations for patient undergoing MIS/Endoscopic Surgery -
ANSWERS--Previous incisions (Hasson minilap) that may require
additional sterile supplies, hx of DVT, consent for possibility of open
procedure, voiding to empty bladder and prevent puncture during
trocar placement/unnecessary catheterization
Correct fluid management procedures in MIS - ANSWERS--Monitor
overload of IV/irrigation fluids dispensed and returned during
procedure (prevent hypervolemia/fluid overload)
Mechanical Methods of Hemostasis - ANSWERS--Manual pressure
(sponges), hemostatic clamps, sutures, staples, clips, ligatures, and/or
pledgets
What is a ligature? - ANSWERS--Also known as a tie, strand tied around
a blood vessel to occlude bleeding; large vessels may require transfixion
suture (crosscriss stitch)
What is a pledget? - ANSWERS--Non-absorbable suture support used
when possibility of sutures tearing through tissue
Where is a pledget most commonly used? - ANSWERS--Vascular
closure, septal repair, heart repair and hepatic repair
,3|Page
What is bone wax? - ANSWERS--A mixture of beeswax, isopropyl, and a
softening agent
Where is bone wax used? - ANSWERS--Ortho, neuro, and the sternum
during heart procedures
Chemical Methods of Hemostasis - ANSWERS--Pharmocological
methods (meds such as epi, vit K, protamine, lysine, tranexamic acid)
Topical methods (thrombins, collagen gelatins, phenol sealants)
Thermal Methods of Hemostasis - ANSWERS--ECU via coagulation,
bipolar sealing devices, lasers, ultrasonic energy, Argon gas
Types of Surgical Sponges - ANSWERS--Laps, tonsils, neuro-patties,
dissector sponges, raytecs (4x4)
Counting of Sponges - ANSWERS--Before, during and after surgical
procedures
Separate as you count
Two people, one of whom is RN should count
Participation in Sponge Counts - ANSWERS--All personnel in case are
responsible for counts including remaining aware of location of sponges
, 4|Page
RN responsibilities in Sponge Counts - ANSWERS--Initiate count (any
team member can initiate count??), perform count, document count
activities, reporting count deficiency
Drainage is achieved by ________ or ___________ means - ANSWERS--
passive (gravity) or active (suction)
Types of Drains - ANSWERS--Penrose, nasogastric, T-tube, suction
drains, chest tubes
What are Suction Drains and their purpose? - ANSWERS--Remove
blood, pus, necrotic material from wounds via suctions (Jackson-Pratt
for abdominal/breast, Hemovac for ortho)
What is a Neutral Zone? - ANSWERS--Designated area on surgical field
where scrub and surgeon place all sharp instruments
What is a Crile? - ANSWERS--A hemostat used to control bleeders in SQ
tissue
What is a Mosquito? - ANSWERS--A hemostat used to control
superficial bleeders in delicate surgery (hand/plastic)
Periop 101 Final Exam 2026/2027 BANK QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS EXAM QUESTIONS WILL
COME FROM HERE (100% CORRECT ANSWERS A+ GRADED
Major components of medical video imaging include: - ANSWERS--Fiber
optic light cable, Camera Control Unit (CCU)
Special considerations when using a endoscopic light source are: -
ANSWERS--Place in "standby" mode, do not turn on until light cable is
connected to the telescope, set according to manufacturer's
parameters
Special considerations when using insufflation (establishing a
pneumoperitoneum) - ANSWERS--Always have a backup tank available,
position at the level of the patients heart or higher to prevent gases
from contaminating the device, make sure alarm is on and audible,
maintain pressure under 12 mm/Hg
Advantage of endoscopic surgery versus open surgery - ANSWERS--
Smaller incisions
Special considerations when using laparoscopic instruments -
ANSWERS--Scrub should inspect more closely because of unapparent
,2|Page
defects that may not be apparent with casual observation, focus on
insulation because of risk for thermal burns if not intact
Special considerations for patient undergoing MIS/Endoscopic Surgery -
ANSWERS--Previous incisions (Hasson minilap) that may require
additional sterile supplies, hx of DVT, consent for possibility of open
procedure, voiding to empty bladder and prevent puncture during
trocar placement/unnecessary catheterization
Correct fluid management procedures in MIS - ANSWERS--Monitor
overload of IV/irrigation fluids dispensed and returned during
procedure (prevent hypervolemia/fluid overload)
Mechanical Methods of Hemostasis - ANSWERS--Manual pressure
(sponges), hemostatic clamps, sutures, staples, clips, ligatures, and/or
pledgets
What is a ligature? - ANSWERS--Also known as a tie, strand tied around
a blood vessel to occlude bleeding; large vessels may require transfixion
suture (crosscriss stitch)
What is a pledget? - ANSWERS--Non-absorbable suture support used
when possibility of sutures tearing through tissue
Where is a pledget most commonly used? - ANSWERS--Vascular
closure, septal repair, heart repair and hepatic repair
,3|Page
What is bone wax? - ANSWERS--A mixture of beeswax, isopropyl, and a
softening agent
Where is bone wax used? - ANSWERS--Ortho, neuro, and the sternum
during heart procedures
Chemical Methods of Hemostasis - ANSWERS--Pharmocological
methods (meds such as epi, vit K, protamine, lysine, tranexamic acid)
Topical methods (thrombins, collagen gelatins, phenol sealants)
Thermal Methods of Hemostasis - ANSWERS--ECU via coagulation,
bipolar sealing devices, lasers, ultrasonic energy, Argon gas
Types of Surgical Sponges - ANSWERS--Laps, tonsils, neuro-patties,
dissector sponges, raytecs (4x4)
Counting of Sponges - ANSWERS--Before, during and after surgical
procedures
Separate as you count
Two people, one of whom is RN should count
Participation in Sponge Counts - ANSWERS--All personnel in case are
responsible for counts including remaining aware of location of sponges
, 4|Page
RN responsibilities in Sponge Counts - ANSWERS--Initiate count (any
team member can initiate count??), perform count, document count
activities, reporting count deficiency
Drainage is achieved by ________ or ___________ means - ANSWERS--
passive (gravity) or active (suction)
Types of Drains - ANSWERS--Penrose, nasogastric, T-tube, suction
drains, chest tubes
What are Suction Drains and their purpose? - ANSWERS--Remove
blood, pus, necrotic material from wounds via suctions (Jackson-Pratt
for abdominal/breast, Hemovac for ortho)
What is a Neutral Zone? - ANSWERS--Designated area on surgical field
where scrub and surgeon place all sharp instruments
What is a Crile? - ANSWERS--A hemostat used to control bleeders in SQ
tissue
What is a Mosquito? - ANSWERS--A hemostat used to control
superficial bleeders in delicate surgery (hand/plastic)
