MEDSCI303 | MEDSCI303 Pharmacy Exam 3
Version 1 | Questions with Correct Answers and
Expert Explanation for Each Question | Rajiv
Gandhi University of Health Sciences
1. Which common side effect is most associated with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors like Lisinopril?
A. Excessive hair growth
B. Yellowing of the skin
C. Frequent nosebleeds
D. Persistent dry cough
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: ACE inhibitors block the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to
angiotensin II to lower blood pressure. A common and annoying side effect reported
by patients is a persistent dry cough. This cough is caused by the accumulation of
bradykinin in the respiratory tract. It is essential to monitor for this symptom to
ensure patient compliance and comfort. If the cough becomes intolerable, the
provider may switch the patient to an ARB.
2. Where in the kidney does the loop diuretic Furosemide (Lasix) primarily exert its
effect?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
,B. Ascending limb of the loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Loop diuretics like Furosemide act on the thick ascending limb
of the loop of Henle. They inhibit the reabsorption of sodium and chloride to
increase urine output. Because of their high potency, they are frequently used in
congestive heart failure to reduce edema. Patients must be monitored closely for
electrolyte imbalances such as hypokalemia. Nurses should educate patients to
weigh themselves daily and report significant changes.
3. A patient taking Digoxin (Lanoxin) reports seeing yellow-green halos around lights.
What is the most likely cause?
A. Digoxin toxicity
B. Development of cataracts
C. Normal aging process
D. Vitamin A deficiency
Correct Answer: A
,Expert Explanation: Digoxin is used to treat heart failure and certain heart rhythm
problems. Visual disturbances like yellow-green halos are a classic sign of digoxin
toxicity. Other signs include nausea, vomiting, and a slow pulse rate. It has a narrow
therapeutic index, meaning blood levels must be checked frequently. Healthcare
providers must assess the patient’s potassium levels as hypokalemia increases the
risk of toxicity.
4. Which condition is a significant contraindication for the use of non-selective Beta-
blockers like Propranolol?
A. Asthma
B. Atrial fibrillation
C. Migraine headaches
D. Hypertension
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Non-selective beta-blockers target both beta-1 and beta-2
receptors in the body. Blocking beta-2 receptors in the lungs can lead to
bronchoconstriction and airway narrowing. This makes these medications
dangerous for patients with a history of asthma or COPD. Selective beta-blockers are
usually preferred if a patient has respiratory issues. Nurses must always check the
patient’s respiratory history before administration.
, 5. How should sublingual nitroglycerin tablets be stored to maintain their potency?
A. In a metal container on a keychain
B. In a clear plastic pill organizer
C. Inside the refrigerator
D. In their original dark glass bottle
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Nitroglycerin is a volatile medication that is very sensitive to
light and heat. Storing it in the original dark glass bottle protects it from
degradation. Patients should be taught to keep the bottle tightly closed at all times.
If the medication does not produce a slight tingling sensation under the tongue, it
may be expired. Effective education ensures the patient has working medication
during an angina attack.
6. What is the primary laboratory value used to monitor the effectiveness and safety
of Warfarin (Coumadin) therapy?
A. Serum glucose
B. INR (International Normalized Ratio)
C. White blood cell count
D. Serum creatinine
Version 1 | Questions with Correct Answers and
Expert Explanation for Each Question | Rajiv
Gandhi University of Health Sciences
1. Which common side effect is most associated with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors like Lisinopril?
A. Excessive hair growth
B. Yellowing of the skin
C. Frequent nosebleeds
D. Persistent dry cough
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: ACE inhibitors block the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to
angiotensin II to lower blood pressure. A common and annoying side effect reported
by patients is a persistent dry cough. This cough is caused by the accumulation of
bradykinin in the respiratory tract. It is essential to monitor for this symptom to
ensure patient compliance and comfort. If the cough becomes intolerable, the
provider may switch the patient to an ARB.
2. Where in the kidney does the loop diuretic Furosemide (Lasix) primarily exert its
effect?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
,B. Ascending limb of the loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Loop diuretics like Furosemide act on the thick ascending limb
of the loop of Henle. They inhibit the reabsorption of sodium and chloride to
increase urine output. Because of their high potency, they are frequently used in
congestive heart failure to reduce edema. Patients must be monitored closely for
electrolyte imbalances such as hypokalemia. Nurses should educate patients to
weigh themselves daily and report significant changes.
3. A patient taking Digoxin (Lanoxin) reports seeing yellow-green halos around lights.
What is the most likely cause?
A. Digoxin toxicity
B. Development of cataracts
C. Normal aging process
D. Vitamin A deficiency
Correct Answer: A
,Expert Explanation: Digoxin is used to treat heart failure and certain heart rhythm
problems. Visual disturbances like yellow-green halos are a classic sign of digoxin
toxicity. Other signs include nausea, vomiting, and a slow pulse rate. It has a narrow
therapeutic index, meaning blood levels must be checked frequently. Healthcare
providers must assess the patient’s potassium levels as hypokalemia increases the
risk of toxicity.
4. Which condition is a significant contraindication for the use of non-selective Beta-
blockers like Propranolol?
A. Asthma
B. Atrial fibrillation
C. Migraine headaches
D. Hypertension
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Non-selective beta-blockers target both beta-1 and beta-2
receptors in the body. Blocking beta-2 receptors in the lungs can lead to
bronchoconstriction and airway narrowing. This makes these medications
dangerous for patients with a history of asthma or COPD. Selective beta-blockers are
usually preferred if a patient has respiratory issues. Nurses must always check the
patient’s respiratory history before administration.
, 5. How should sublingual nitroglycerin tablets be stored to maintain their potency?
A. In a metal container on a keychain
B. In a clear plastic pill organizer
C. Inside the refrigerator
D. In their original dark glass bottle
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Nitroglycerin is a volatile medication that is very sensitive to
light and heat. Storing it in the original dark glass bottle protects it from
degradation. Patients should be taught to keep the bottle tightly closed at all times.
If the medication does not produce a slight tingling sensation under the tongue, it
may be expired. Effective education ensures the patient has working medication
during an angina attack.
6. What is the primary laboratory value used to monitor the effectiveness and safety
of Warfarin (Coumadin) therapy?
A. Serum glucose
B. INR (International Normalized Ratio)
C. White blood cell count
D. Serum creatinine
