BIO BEYOND: GENETIC REPLICATION EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED
Which bases pair in DNA?
What is the cell cycle? During which phase(s) do
cells grow? During which phase do cells divide? - <<<<CORRECT
ANSWERS>>>Interphase: Cells grow between cell divisions
G1 Primary growth phase
S Synthesis of DNA for next cell division
G2 Final growth phase
Mitotic Phase: Goes mitosis or meiosis (divide)
Why do cells divide? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>To replace cells that die or
become damaged or production of gamets.
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis? What occurs in both? What is
unique
to each one? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>Mitosis:One cell becomes two identical
cells, 46 chromosomes, diploid cells, body cells. 1 phase
Cell division: DNA chromsomes distribute, nucleus divides
Cytokinesis: Cell divides into two identical cells with diploid (pairs) of DNA
chromosomes (Aa pairs, Bb pairs)
Meiosis: 23 chromosomes, haploid cells, gametes, crossing over occurs meiosis 1
prophase. 2 phases. Either four sperm in males or 1 viable egg and three polar bodies
in females.
Two cell divisions
Meiosis I:Chromosome pairs separate
Reduces chromosome number by half (haploid)
Meiosis II: Sister chromatids separate
What is cytokinesis? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>Cell divides into two identical
cells with diploid (pairs) of DNA chromosomes
Each of our cells contains about 1 meter of
DNA, if stretched end-‐to-‐end. How do we get
a meter of DNA into each cell? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>DNA is packed into
chromosomes.
Chromosomes are in compact "Chromatin" form
, Chromatin unpacks and DNA strands expands
What's the difference between chromatin, a
chromosome, and a chromatid? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>Chromatin: When
chromosomes are not visable because they are long and thin (uncoiled)
Chromosome: DNA is packed into 46 seperate structures that organize and arrange the
DNA within the nucleus
Chromatid: Visiable duplicated chromosomes consists of two identical sister chromotids
Can genes be read when DNA is compressed
into chromatin? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>No because chromatin is not visable
During DNA replication, we copy two "parent" strands of DNA into two "daughter"
strands. During
mitosis we split cells. Can you describe where
the parent and daughter strands of DNA go after
mitosis? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>The parent and daughter strands of DNA
after mitosis converts back into chromotin and cannot be seen under a microscope. Go
into G1 phase of the cell cycle which is primary period of cell growth and normal
functioning.
A,T,G,C, and U are examples of? Which pairs
with which? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>Nucleic acids that store genetic material.
Cytosine always pairs with guanine and adenine always pairs with thymine. Uracil pairs
with adenine in RNA.
I won't be asking you full atomic structures, but
what's the difference between T and U? Between
DNA and RNA? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid and is
a double stranded string of nucleotides interwined into a helical shape. Packed into
chromosomes that organizes it inside the nucleus.
RNA is ribnucleic acid is a code that is converted to a form that can leave the nucleus
and enter the cytoplasm
What is a mistake in DNA copying called?
What happens to the cell if a mistake isn't
repaired? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>Mutations Most frequent during DNA
replication
Causes: Chemical and physical forces
Effects (in order of likelihood):
Cell death or cancer (harmful)
None (neutral)
Cells more successful (beneficial)
If not corrected may be passed onto future cells or could prevent DNA from being
copied at all
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED
Which bases pair in DNA?
What is the cell cycle? During which phase(s) do
cells grow? During which phase do cells divide? - <<<<CORRECT
ANSWERS>>>Interphase: Cells grow between cell divisions
G1 Primary growth phase
S Synthesis of DNA for next cell division
G2 Final growth phase
Mitotic Phase: Goes mitosis or meiosis (divide)
Why do cells divide? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>To replace cells that die or
become damaged or production of gamets.
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis? What occurs in both? What is
unique
to each one? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>Mitosis:One cell becomes two identical
cells, 46 chromosomes, diploid cells, body cells. 1 phase
Cell division: DNA chromsomes distribute, nucleus divides
Cytokinesis: Cell divides into two identical cells with diploid (pairs) of DNA
chromosomes (Aa pairs, Bb pairs)
Meiosis: 23 chromosomes, haploid cells, gametes, crossing over occurs meiosis 1
prophase. 2 phases. Either four sperm in males or 1 viable egg and three polar bodies
in females.
Two cell divisions
Meiosis I:Chromosome pairs separate
Reduces chromosome number by half (haploid)
Meiosis II: Sister chromatids separate
What is cytokinesis? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>Cell divides into two identical
cells with diploid (pairs) of DNA chromosomes
Each of our cells contains about 1 meter of
DNA, if stretched end-‐to-‐end. How do we get
a meter of DNA into each cell? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>DNA is packed into
chromosomes.
Chromosomes are in compact "Chromatin" form
, Chromatin unpacks and DNA strands expands
What's the difference between chromatin, a
chromosome, and a chromatid? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>Chromatin: When
chromosomes are not visable because they are long and thin (uncoiled)
Chromosome: DNA is packed into 46 seperate structures that organize and arrange the
DNA within the nucleus
Chromatid: Visiable duplicated chromosomes consists of two identical sister chromotids
Can genes be read when DNA is compressed
into chromatin? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>No because chromatin is not visable
During DNA replication, we copy two "parent" strands of DNA into two "daughter"
strands. During
mitosis we split cells. Can you describe where
the parent and daughter strands of DNA go after
mitosis? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>The parent and daughter strands of DNA
after mitosis converts back into chromotin and cannot be seen under a microscope. Go
into G1 phase of the cell cycle which is primary period of cell growth and normal
functioning.
A,T,G,C, and U are examples of? Which pairs
with which? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>Nucleic acids that store genetic material.
Cytosine always pairs with guanine and adenine always pairs with thymine. Uracil pairs
with adenine in RNA.
I won't be asking you full atomic structures, but
what's the difference between T and U? Between
DNA and RNA? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid and is
a double stranded string of nucleotides interwined into a helical shape. Packed into
chromosomes that organizes it inside the nucleus.
RNA is ribnucleic acid is a code that is converted to a form that can leave the nucleus
and enter the cytoplasm
What is a mistake in DNA copying called?
What happens to the cell if a mistake isn't
repaired? - <<<<CORRECT ANSWERS>>>Mutations Most frequent during DNA
replication
Causes: Chemical and physical forces
Effects (in order of likelihood):
Cell death or cancer (harmful)
None (neutral)
Cells more successful (beneficial)
If not corrected may be passed onto future cells or could prevent DNA from being
copied at all
