ANSC 2303 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026
What are the two groups of parasites? - Answers Endoparasites and Ectoparasites
What are endoparasites? - Answers Parasites living inside the body, such as roundworm and
hookworm.
Where do most endoparasites live and reproduce? - Answers In the intestines, except for heartworm.
What are ectoparasites? - Answers Parasites living outside the body, such as fleas and ticks.
What species of flea typically affects both cats and dogs? - Answers Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea).
Describe the physical characteristics of fleas. - Answers Wingless insects that jump and feed on blood.
In what type of climate do fleas thrive? - Answers Warm, humid climates.
Where on dogs are fleas commonly found? - Answers Abdomen, base of the tail, and head.
Where on cats are fleas commonly found? - Answers Neck and base of the tail.
What are some symptoms of flea infestation? - Answers Flea dirt, scratching, chewing, licking skin,
hair loss, pale gums.
What bacterial infection can fleas transmit? - Answers Bartonella henselae (cat scratch fever).
What are lice? - Answers Wingless insects that either chew skin or suck on blood.
What is the size comparison of lice to fleas? - Answers Lice are smaller than fleas.
Which lice species affect dogs and cats? - Answers Linognathus setosus and Trichodectes canis (dogs),
Felicola subrostratus (cats).
When are lice more common? - Answers In young or old animals, during cooler months, and in
unsanitary conditions.
How are lice transmitted? - Answers By direct contact.
Where do lice tend to congregate on animals? - Answers Around the ears, neck, shoulders, and back
end.
What symptoms indicate a lice infestation? - Answers Itching, dry skin, anemia in young animals, and
visible eggs (nits) on hair shafts.
What are ticks? - Answers Arachnids that feed on the blood of their host.
Where do ticks typically attach to their host? - Answers Close to the head, neck, ears, and feet.
When are ticks more active? - Answers In late spring and summer.
What are common symptoms of tick infestation? - Answers Skin irritation, anemia, and tick-borne
diseases like Lyme disease.
Why is proper removal of ticks important? - Answers To prevent transmission of tick-borne diseases.
What should you do when removing a tick? - Answers Pull straight upwards with even pressure, do
not twist or turn.
Why should you not squeeze or crush a tick? - Answers It may contain infectious organisms.
What should you do after removing a tick? - Answers Clean the area to prevent infection and seek
veterinary consultation.
What is the purpose of keeping a removed tick in a jar with alcohol? - Answers To kill it for testing.
What types of treatments are available for parasites? - Answers Repellents, pesticides, or growth
inhibitors.
What are the different forms of parasite treatments? - Answers Oral, collar, and topical forms.
What is the effectiveness timeline for parasite treatments? - Answers 30-90 days.
Why are some species-specific products for dogs toxic to cats? - Answers For example, permethrin is
toxic to cats.
What are core vaccines essential for horses? - Answers Rabies, Eastern and Western Equine
Encephalomyelitis (EEE/WEE), Tetanus, West Nile Virus.
When should horses ideally be vaccinated? - Answers By spring before disease carriers are most
active.
What is the purpose of deworming in horses? - Answers To help prevent internal parasites.
What symptoms indicate ongoing internal parasites in horses? - Answers Diarrhea, colic, gastric
ulcers, weight loss, pot belly appearance, lethargy.
At what age can preventive deworming begin in horses? - Answers At 4-6 months of age.
What is the average litter size for dogs? - Answers Varies greatly by breed; smaller dogs average less
than larger breeds.
What is the average gestation period for cats? - Answers 63-67 days, average 65 days.
What is the process of giving birth in cats and dogs called? - Answers Queening (cats) / Whelping
(dogs).
, What is the role of the bulbus glandis during dog mating? - Answers It swells to 'tie' or 'lock' the male
and female together.
What is the estrous cycle in female dogs referred to? - Answers Heat cycle.
What is the difference between monoestrous and polyestrous cycles? - Answers Monoestrous has
one cycle per year; polyestrous has multiple cycles.
What triggers the estrous cycle in cats? - Answers Increased daylight hours.
What is the term for the absence of cycling activity in cats? - Answers Anestrus.
What are the stages of the estrous cycle in dogs? - Answers Proestrus, Estrus, Diestrus, Anestrus.
What occurs during the proestrus stage in dogs? - Answers Increase in estrogen, swollen vulva,
bloody discharge.
What happens during the estrus stage in dogs? - Answers Period of receptivity, allows mating,
behavioral changes.
What is the average time of reproductive rest in dogs after a heat cycle? - Answers Usually 2-10
months, average 4.5 months.
What is the purpose of sterilization in animals? - Answers To remove reproductive organs and render
the animal unable to reproduce.
What is an ovariohysterectomy? - Answers Surgical removal of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and
uterus in females.
What is the laparoscopic technique for spaying? - Answers Uses CO2 gas for visualization and sterile
tools without entering the abdomen.
What is the average litter size for cats? - Answers Approximately 4 kittens per litter.
What is the significance of the relaxin assay during pregnancy diagnosis? - Answers Tests for the
presence of relaxin hormone produced by the placenta.
What is the role of the placenta during pregnancy? - Answers Provides nutrients, oxygen, and
antibodies to developing young.
What is the average duration of active labor in dogs? - Answers 3-12 hours.
What behaviors indicate that a cat is in labor? - Answers Restlessness, pacing, nesting behaviors.
What is the term for the act of delivering the young? - Answers Parturition.
What is the average gestation period for dogs? - Answers 58-68 days, average 63 days.
What does OHE stand for in veterinary medicine? - Answers Ovariohysterectomy
What is the primary benefit of OVE compared to OHE? - Answers OVE involves smaller incisions and
slightly less risk.
What are common complications associated with larger dogs during spay/neuter procedures? -
Answers Hemorrhage is more common, accounting for 80% of all complications.
What is pyometra? - Answers Infection in the uterus that can occur after the heat cycle if pregnancy
does not occur.
What are the signs of pyometra? - Answers Bloody discharge, anorexia, depression, vomiting,
diarrhea, increased water intake.
What is the treatment for pyometra? - Answers Ovariohysterectomy and antibiotics.
What is orchiectomy? - Answers A neuter procedure where both testicles are removed.
What is the difference in the neutering procedure between cats and dogs? - Answers Dogs require
abdominal cleaning, while cats pluck hair on the testicle.
What is cryptorchidism? - Answers A condition where one or both testicles do not descend, requiring
a different surgical approach.
At what age should cats typically be neutered? - Answers Before the first heat cycle, typically by 5
months.
What is the recommended age for neutering small dogs? - Answers Before the first heat, around 5-6
months old.
What is prepubertal gonadectomy? - Answers Surgical sterilization of animals aged 6-14 weeks.
What are the benefits of spaying before puberty? - Answers Reduces risk of mammary tumors and
leads to quicker recovery.
What are some reasons to perform spay/neuter procedures? - Answers Population control, cancer
risk reduction, prevention of uterine infections, and reduction of inappropriate behaviors.
What are some risks associated with spay/neuter surgeries? - Answers General surgical risks, obesity,
urinary incontinence, and potential increased risk of orthopedic and immune conditions.
What are common myths about spaying/neutering? - Answers Animals will become fat and lazy,
breeding is profitable, and it will change their personality.
What are the two groups of parasites? - Answers Endoparasites and Ectoparasites
What are endoparasites? - Answers Parasites living inside the body, such as roundworm and
hookworm.
Where do most endoparasites live and reproduce? - Answers In the intestines, except for heartworm.
What are ectoparasites? - Answers Parasites living outside the body, such as fleas and ticks.
What species of flea typically affects both cats and dogs? - Answers Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea).
Describe the physical characteristics of fleas. - Answers Wingless insects that jump and feed on blood.
In what type of climate do fleas thrive? - Answers Warm, humid climates.
Where on dogs are fleas commonly found? - Answers Abdomen, base of the tail, and head.
Where on cats are fleas commonly found? - Answers Neck and base of the tail.
What are some symptoms of flea infestation? - Answers Flea dirt, scratching, chewing, licking skin,
hair loss, pale gums.
What bacterial infection can fleas transmit? - Answers Bartonella henselae (cat scratch fever).
What are lice? - Answers Wingless insects that either chew skin or suck on blood.
What is the size comparison of lice to fleas? - Answers Lice are smaller than fleas.
Which lice species affect dogs and cats? - Answers Linognathus setosus and Trichodectes canis (dogs),
Felicola subrostratus (cats).
When are lice more common? - Answers In young or old animals, during cooler months, and in
unsanitary conditions.
How are lice transmitted? - Answers By direct contact.
Where do lice tend to congregate on animals? - Answers Around the ears, neck, shoulders, and back
end.
What symptoms indicate a lice infestation? - Answers Itching, dry skin, anemia in young animals, and
visible eggs (nits) on hair shafts.
What are ticks? - Answers Arachnids that feed on the blood of their host.
Where do ticks typically attach to their host? - Answers Close to the head, neck, ears, and feet.
When are ticks more active? - Answers In late spring and summer.
What are common symptoms of tick infestation? - Answers Skin irritation, anemia, and tick-borne
diseases like Lyme disease.
Why is proper removal of ticks important? - Answers To prevent transmission of tick-borne diseases.
What should you do when removing a tick? - Answers Pull straight upwards with even pressure, do
not twist or turn.
Why should you not squeeze or crush a tick? - Answers It may contain infectious organisms.
What should you do after removing a tick? - Answers Clean the area to prevent infection and seek
veterinary consultation.
What is the purpose of keeping a removed tick in a jar with alcohol? - Answers To kill it for testing.
What types of treatments are available for parasites? - Answers Repellents, pesticides, or growth
inhibitors.
What are the different forms of parasite treatments? - Answers Oral, collar, and topical forms.
What is the effectiveness timeline for parasite treatments? - Answers 30-90 days.
Why are some species-specific products for dogs toxic to cats? - Answers For example, permethrin is
toxic to cats.
What are core vaccines essential for horses? - Answers Rabies, Eastern and Western Equine
Encephalomyelitis (EEE/WEE), Tetanus, West Nile Virus.
When should horses ideally be vaccinated? - Answers By spring before disease carriers are most
active.
What is the purpose of deworming in horses? - Answers To help prevent internal parasites.
What symptoms indicate ongoing internal parasites in horses? - Answers Diarrhea, colic, gastric
ulcers, weight loss, pot belly appearance, lethargy.
At what age can preventive deworming begin in horses? - Answers At 4-6 months of age.
What is the average litter size for dogs? - Answers Varies greatly by breed; smaller dogs average less
than larger breeds.
What is the average gestation period for cats? - Answers 63-67 days, average 65 days.
What is the process of giving birth in cats and dogs called? - Answers Queening (cats) / Whelping
(dogs).
, What is the role of the bulbus glandis during dog mating? - Answers It swells to 'tie' or 'lock' the male
and female together.
What is the estrous cycle in female dogs referred to? - Answers Heat cycle.
What is the difference between monoestrous and polyestrous cycles? - Answers Monoestrous has
one cycle per year; polyestrous has multiple cycles.
What triggers the estrous cycle in cats? - Answers Increased daylight hours.
What is the term for the absence of cycling activity in cats? - Answers Anestrus.
What are the stages of the estrous cycle in dogs? - Answers Proestrus, Estrus, Diestrus, Anestrus.
What occurs during the proestrus stage in dogs? - Answers Increase in estrogen, swollen vulva,
bloody discharge.
What happens during the estrus stage in dogs? - Answers Period of receptivity, allows mating,
behavioral changes.
What is the average time of reproductive rest in dogs after a heat cycle? - Answers Usually 2-10
months, average 4.5 months.
What is the purpose of sterilization in animals? - Answers To remove reproductive organs and render
the animal unable to reproduce.
What is an ovariohysterectomy? - Answers Surgical removal of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and
uterus in females.
What is the laparoscopic technique for spaying? - Answers Uses CO2 gas for visualization and sterile
tools without entering the abdomen.
What is the average litter size for cats? - Answers Approximately 4 kittens per litter.
What is the significance of the relaxin assay during pregnancy diagnosis? - Answers Tests for the
presence of relaxin hormone produced by the placenta.
What is the role of the placenta during pregnancy? - Answers Provides nutrients, oxygen, and
antibodies to developing young.
What is the average duration of active labor in dogs? - Answers 3-12 hours.
What behaviors indicate that a cat is in labor? - Answers Restlessness, pacing, nesting behaviors.
What is the term for the act of delivering the young? - Answers Parturition.
What is the average gestation period for dogs? - Answers 58-68 days, average 63 days.
What does OHE stand for in veterinary medicine? - Answers Ovariohysterectomy
What is the primary benefit of OVE compared to OHE? - Answers OVE involves smaller incisions and
slightly less risk.
What are common complications associated with larger dogs during spay/neuter procedures? -
Answers Hemorrhage is more common, accounting for 80% of all complications.
What is pyometra? - Answers Infection in the uterus that can occur after the heat cycle if pregnancy
does not occur.
What are the signs of pyometra? - Answers Bloody discharge, anorexia, depression, vomiting,
diarrhea, increased water intake.
What is the treatment for pyometra? - Answers Ovariohysterectomy and antibiotics.
What is orchiectomy? - Answers A neuter procedure where both testicles are removed.
What is the difference in the neutering procedure between cats and dogs? - Answers Dogs require
abdominal cleaning, while cats pluck hair on the testicle.
What is cryptorchidism? - Answers A condition where one or both testicles do not descend, requiring
a different surgical approach.
At what age should cats typically be neutered? - Answers Before the first heat cycle, typically by 5
months.
What is the recommended age for neutering small dogs? - Answers Before the first heat, around 5-6
months old.
What is prepubertal gonadectomy? - Answers Surgical sterilization of animals aged 6-14 weeks.
What are the benefits of spaying before puberty? - Answers Reduces risk of mammary tumors and
leads to quicker recovery.
What are some reasons to perform spay/neuter procedures? - Answers Population control, cancer
risk reduction, prevention of uterine infections, and reduction of inappropriate behaviors.
What are some risks associated with spay/neuter surgeries? - Answers General surgical risks, obesity,
urinary incontinence, and potential increased risk of orthopedic and immune conditions.
What are common myths about spaying/neutering? - Answers Animals will become fat and lazy,
breeding is profitable, and it will change their personality.
