EXAM 2026-2027 WITH 160 QUESTIONS AND
EXPERT-VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS |
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LATEST EXAM 2026
what factors contribute to bottoming out? - ANSWER-weight, disproportion of
weight and size such as amputation, tendency to keep HOB >30 degrees,
inappropriate support surface settings
When should you consider reactive support surface with features and components
such as low air loss, alternating pressure, viscous or air fluids? - ANSWER-for
patients who cannot effectively position off their wound, have PUs in multiple
turning surfaces, or have PUs that fail to improve despite optimal comprehensive
management
When should active support surface be considered? - ANSWER-when effective
positioning is determined by an MD to be medically contraindicated
What is the difference between an active and reactive support surfaces/ -
ANSWER-active support surface is a powered mattress or overlay that changes it's
,load- distribution with or without applied load; pressure is redistributed across the
body by inflating and deflating the cells of alternating zones. conversely a reactive
support surface moves or changes load-distribution properties only in response to
applied load, such as the patient's body.
When are active support surfaces appropriate? - ANSWER-when manual frequent
repositioning is not possible
when are reactive support surfaces appropriate? - ANSWER-for pressure ulcer
prevention
what is a benefit in low air loss feature and when is it contraindicated? -
ANSWER-low air loss assists in managing mositure. It is contraindicated in
patients with unstable spine and it puts patients at risk for entrapment
when is an air fluidized feature integrated in bed systems appropriate? -
ANSWER-for patients with multiple stage III or Iv pressure ulcers, burns,
myocutaneous skin flap
for what kind of patients are traditional air-fluidized bed not recommended? -
ANSWER-pulmonary diseases or unstable spine patients
what are some general guidelines for caring for patients on a support surface? -
ANSWER-support surfaces alone doe snot prevent or heal PUs, fuctions best with
minimal linens and pads under patients, must be able to assume variety of positions
to prevent bottoming out, patients should be turned regardless of support surfaces,
patients who sit with a risk for PU should have a sitting plan- duration, position,
and posture
, what type of patient is a lateral rotation feature in a supportive surface beneficial? -
ANSWER-for patients with acute respiratory conditions- requiring pulmonary
hygience
what are the 3 essential physical properties for normal venous function? -
ANSWER-competent valves, venous wall, and calf muscle pump
what are the classical characteristic traits seen in venous ulcers? - ANSWER-
shallow, irregular wound eges, with moderate to heavy exudate, dark red or
"ruddy" wound base or thin layer of yellow slough, macerated periwound, crusting,
scaling and /or hemosiderin staining
Define hemosiderin staining? - ANSWER-leakage of RBCs which have been
broken down appears as a purple to brown staining
Define lipodermatosclerosis? - ANSWER-hardening of soft tissue where
hemosiderin staining evolves into lipodermatosclerosis- found on gaiter and sock
areas and has appearance of inverted champagne bottle
Define atrophie blanche? - ANSWER-smooth, white plaques of think speckled
atrophic tissue with tortous vessels on ankle or foot with hemosiderin pigmented
border
Define venous dermatitis? - ANSWER-characterized by scaling, crusting, weeping,
erythema, erosions, and intense itching.
Differentiate dermatitis from cellulitis? - ANSWER-In cellulitis, patients will often
exhibit pain, fever, tenderness, one or few bullae, no relevent history, no crusting,
blood cxs usually negative, no lesions anywhere else other than localized area, and
high WBC count