Dental Hygiene local anestHesia BoarD review actual exam
Questions anD answers Practice Questions witH solutions
newest 2026 | alreaDy graDeD a+
describe the polarization of a nerve cell: - ANSWER-at rest, inside of a cell is
slightly (-) charged and outside is lightly (+) charged. (70 mv) difference.
describe the depolarization of a nerve cell: - ANSWER-when there is an influx of
Na+ ions and it causes the cell to become depolarized with a (+) charge.
describe the repolarization of a nerve cell: - ANSWER-begins immediately after
depolarization with potassium (+) ions leaving the cell in order to restore
equilibrium.
myelinated nerves conduct impulses _________ with ________ energy. - ANSWER-
faster; less
what do the nodes of ranvier on myelinated nerves allow for? - ANSWER-the
passage of local anesthesia into the nerve cell.
what is the primary action of local anesthetics? - ANSWER-to block pain
perception/transmission by decreasing permeability of sodium ions.
where does the biotransformation of esters occur? - ANSWER-in the
pseudocholinesterase of blood plasma and is then excreted by the kidneys.
where does the biotransformation of amides occur? - ANSWER-in the liver and is
then excreted by the kidneys.
which local anesthetic type is less likely to admit an allergic reaction? -
ANSWER-amides
, ___________ are readily hydrolyzed in aqueous solutions, and _____________ are
resistant to hydrolysis in aqueous solutions. - ANSWER-esters; amides
what is the first sensation that is lost with local anesthetics? - ANSWER-pain
what is the function of sodium chloride in local anesthetics? - ANSWER-to
maintain an isotonic solution
what are some examples of amide agents? - ANSWER-topical lidocaine,
bupivicane, mepivocaine (carbocaine)
what are some examples of ester agents? - ANSWER-topical benzocaine, topical
tetracainehypochloride, procaine, and prilocaine.
what are the only ester injectable local anesthetics? - ANSWER-procaine and
lidocaine
example of a safe topical anesthetic: - ANSWER-benzocaine (ester)
how long should you apply topical anesthetic to non-keratinized tissue? -
ANSWER-at least 30 seconds
what should be avoided when sanitizing the injection site as well as contact with
local anesthetic cartridges? - ANSWER-alcohol
what is the shelf life of local anesthetic without epinephrine? with? - ANSWER-36
months; 18 months
the shelf life of a local anesthetic cartridge expires how long after the expiration
date printed on the box? - ANSWER-one month
Questions anD answers Practice Questions witH solutions
newest 2026 | alreaDy graDeD a+
describe the polarization of a nerve cell: - ANSWER-at rest, inside of a cell is
slightly (-) charged and outside is lightly (+) charged. (70 mv) difference.
describe the depolarization of a nerve cell: - ANSWER-when there is an influx of
Na+ ions and it causes the cell to become depolarized with a (+) charge.
describe the repolarization of a nerve cell: - ANSWER-begins immediately after
depolarization with potassium (+) ions leaving the cell in order to restore
equilibrium.
myelinated nerves conduct impulses _________ with ________ energy. - ANSWER-
faster; less
what do the nodes of ranvier on myelinated nerves allow for? - ANSWER-the
passage of local anesthesia into the nerve cell.
what is the primary action of local anesthetics? - ANSWER-to block pain
perception/transmission by decreasing permeability of sodium ions.
where does the biotransformation of esters occur? - ANSWER-in the
pseudocholinesterase of blood plasma and is then excreted by the kidneys.
where does the biotransformation of amides occur? - ANSWER-in the liver and is
then excreted by the kidneys.
which local anesthetic type is less likely to admit an allergic reaction? -
ANSWER-amides
, ___________ are readily hydrolyzed in aqueous solutions, and _____________ are
resistant to hydrolysis in aqueous solutions. - ANSWER-esters; amides
what is the first sensation that is lost with local anesthetics? - ANSWER-pain
what is the function of sodium chloride in local anesthetics? - ANSWER-to
maintain an isotonic solution
what are some examples of amide agents? - ANSWER-topical lidocaine,
bupivicane, mepivocaine (carbocaine)
what are some examples of ester agents? - ANSWER-topical benzocaine, topical
tetracainehypochloride, procaine, and prilocaine.
what are the only ester injectable local anesthetics? - ANSWER-procaine and
lidocaine
example of a safe topical anesthetic: - ANSWER-benzocaine (ester)
how long should you apply topical anesthetic to non-keratinized tissue? -
ANSWER-at least 30 seconds
what should be avoided when sanitizing the injection site as well as contact with
local anesthetic cartridges? - ANSWER-alcohol
what is the shelf life of local anesthetic without epinephrine? with? - ANSWER-36
months; 18 months
the shelf life of a local anesthetic cartridge expires how long after the expiration
date printed on the box? - ANSWER-one month
