175 EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS HESI
FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE 2026 GRADED A+ 100% VERIFIED
Rationale: Because the nurse can only stand on one side of the bed, bed rails
should be up on the opposite side to ensure that the client does not fall out of
bed. Option A can cause client injury to the skin or joint. Options C and D are
useful techniques while turning a client but have less priority in terms of safety
than use of the bed rails. - CORRECT ANSWER When turning an immobile
bedridden client without assistance, which action by the nurse best ensures client
safety?
A. Securely grasp the client's arm and leg.
B. Put bed rails up on the side of bed opposite from the nurse.
C.Correctly position and use a turn sheet.
D. Lower the head of the client's bed slowly.
B
Rationale: Careful handwashing technique is the single most effective
intervention for the prevention of contamination to all clients. Option A reverses
, lOMoAR cPSD| 22896205
the hypovolemia that initially accompanies burn trauma but is not related to
decreasing the proliferation of infective organisms. Options C and D are
recommended by various burn centers as possible ways to reduce the chance of
infection. Option B is a proven technique to prevent infection. - CORRECT
ANSWER The nurse identifies a potential for infection in a client with partial-
thickness (second-degree) and full-thickness (third-degree) burns. What
intervention has the highest priority in decreasing the client's risk of infection?
A. Administration of plasma expanders
B. Use of careful handwashing technique
C.Application of a topical antibacterial cream
D. Limiting visitors to the client with burns
A
Rationale: Long-term protein deficiency is required to cause significantly lowered
serum albumin levels. Albumin is made by the liver only when adequate amounts
of amino acids (from protein breakdown) are available. Albumin has a long half-
life, so acute protein loss does not significantly alter serum levels.
Option B is a serum protein with a half-life of only 8 to 10 days, so it will drop
with an acute protein deficiency. Options C and D are not clinical measures of
,protein malnutrition. - CORRECT ANSWER The nurse is aware that malnutrition
is a common problem among clients served by a community health clinic for the
homeless. Which laboratory value is the most reliable indicator of chronic
protein malnutrition?
A. Low serum albumin level
B. Low serum transferrin level
C.High hemoglobin level
D. High cholesterol level
C
Rationale: The surgeon should be informed immediately that the permit is not
signed. It is the surgeon's responsibility to explain the procedure to the client and
obtain the client's signature on the permit.
Although the nurse can witness an operative permit, the procedure must first be
explained by the health care provider or surgeon, including answering the client's
questions. The client's questions should be addressed before the permit is signed.
- CORRECT ANSWER In completing a client's preoperative routine, the nurse finds
that the operative permit is not signed. The client begins to ask more questions
about the surgical procedure. Which action should the nurse take next?
, lOMoAR cPSD| 22896205
A. Witness the client's signature to the permit.
B. Answer the client's questions about the surgery.
C.Inform the surgeon that the operative permit is not signed and the client
has questions about the surgery.
D. Reassure the client that the surgeon will answer any questions before the
anesthesia is administered.
B
Rationale:
Anticoagulants increase the risk for bleeding during surgery, which can pose a
threat for the development of surgical complications. The health care provider
should be informed that the client is taking these drugs. Although clients who
take birth control pills may be more susceptible to the development of thrombi,
such problems usually occur postoperatively. A client with option C or D is at less
of a surgical risk than with option B. - CORRECT ANSWER The nurse is assessing
several clients prior to surgery. Which factor in a client's history poses the
greatest threat for complications to occur during surgery?
A. Taking birth control pills for the past 2 years
FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE 2026 GRADED A+ 100% VERIFIED
Rationale: Because the nurse can only stand on one side of the bed, bed rails
should be up on the opposite side to ensure that the client does not fall out of
bed. Option A can cause client injury to the skin or joint. Options C and D are
useful techniques while turning a client but have less priority in terms of safety
than use of the bed rails. - CORRECT ANSWER When turning an immobile
bedridden client without assistance, which action by the nurse best ensures client
safety?
A. Securely grasp the client's arm and leg.
B. Put bed rails up on the side of bed opposite from the nurse.
C.Correctly position and use a turn sheet.
D. Lower the head of the client's bed slowly.
B
Rationale: Careful handwashing technique is the single most effective
intervention for the prevention of contamination to all clients. Option A reverses
, lOMoAR cPSD| 22896205
the hypovolemia that initially accompanies burn trauma but is not related to
decreasing the proliferation of infective organisms. Options C and D are
recommended by various burn centers as possible ways to reduce the chance of
infection. Option B is a proven technique to prevent infection. - CORRECT
ANSWER The nurse identifies a potential for infection in a client with partial-
thickness (second-degree) and full-thickness (third-degree) burns. What
intervention has the highest priority in decreasing the client's risk of infection?
A. Administration of plasma expanders
B. Use of careful handwashing technique
C.Application of a topical antibacterial cream
D. Limiting visitors to the client with burns
A
Rationale: Long-term protein deficiency is required to cause significantly lowered
serum albumin levels. Albumin is made by the liver only when adequate amounts
of amino acids (from protein breakdown) are available. Albumin has a long half-
life, so acute protein loss does not significantly alter serum levels.
Option B is a serum protein with a half-life of only 8 to 10 days, so it will drop
with an acute protein deficiency. Options C and D are not clinical measures of
,protein malnutrition. - CORRECT ANSWER The nurse is aware that malnutrition
is a common problem among clients served by a community health clinic for the
homeless. Which laboratory value is the most reliable indicator of chronic
protein malnutrition?
A. Low serum albumin level
B. Low serum transferrin level
C.High hemoglobin level
D. High cholesterol level
C
Rationale: The surgeon should be informed immediately that the permit is not
signed. It is the surgeon's responsibility to explain the procedure to the client and
obtain the client's signature on the permit.
Although the nurse can witness an operative permit, the procedure must first be
explained by the health care provider or surgeon, including answering the client's
questions. The client's questions should be addressed before the permit is signed.
- CORRECT ANSWER In completing a client's preoperative routine, the nurse finds
that the operative permit is not signed. The client begins to ask more questions
about the surgical procedure. Which action should the nurse take next?
, lOMoAR cPSD| 22896205
A. Witness the client's signature to the permit.
B. Answer the client's questions about the surgery.
C.Inform the surgeon that the operative permit is not signed and the client
has questions about the surgery.
D. Reassure the client that the surgeon will answer any questions before the
anesthesia is administered.
B
Rationale:
Anticoagulants increase the risk for bleeding during surgery, which can pose a
threat for the development of surgical complications. The health care provider
should be informed that the client is taking these drugs. Although clients who
take birth control pills may be more susceptible to the development of thrombi,
such problems usually occur postoperatively. A client with option C or D is at less
of a surgical risk than with option B. - CORRECT ANSWER The nurse is assessing
several clients prior to surgery. Which factor in a client's history poses the
greatest threat for complications to occur during surgery?
A. Taking birth control pills for the past 2 years
