1
NR283/ NR 283 FINAL EXAM: (NEW 2026/
2027 UPDATE) PATHOPHYSIOLOGY REVIEW|
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
(VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
What is the appropriate term for a "fungal infection of the scalp"?
A. Tinea pedis
B Tinea corporis
C. Tinea capitis
D. Candidiasis ANSWER: C. Tinea capitis
which infections are caused by viruses? Select all that apply.
A. Erysipelas
B. Herpes simplex
C. Herpes zoster
D. Varicella
E. Furuncle ANSWER: B. Herpes simplex
C. Herpes zoster
D. Varicella
Which of the following skin conditions is benign?
A. Kaposi sarcoma
B. Actinic keratosis
C. Basal cell carcinoma
, 2
D. Melanoma ANSWER: B. Actinic keratosis
The nurse is describing the movement of blood into and out of the capillary beds
of the lungs to the body organs and tissues. What term should the nurse use to
describe this process?
A. Perfusion
B. Ventilation
C. Diffusion
D. Circulation ANSWER: A. Perfusion
Students in a histology class are assigned to identify regions of the lung. The slide
shows a basement membrane, capillary lumen, and macrophages. The students
are looking at the:
A. Trachea
B. Bronchioles
C. Alveoli
D. Bronchus ANSWER: C. Alveoli
An aide asks a nurse how surfactant works. How should the nurse respond?
Surfactant facilitates alveolar distention and ventilation by:
A. Decreasing thoracic compliance
B. Attracting water to the alveolar surface
C. Decreasing surface tension in alveoli
D. Increasing diffusion in alveoli ANSWER: C. Decreasing surface tension in
alveoli
A 30-year-old male is involved in a motor vehicle accident and sustains trauma to
the lungs and chest wall. He experiences respiratory failure. Which of the
following lab values would the nurse expect?
A. Electrolyte imbalances
B. Elevated PaCO2
C. Low hematocrit
D. Elevated pH ANSWER: B. Elevated PaCO2
, 3
A 65-year-old male recently had a cerebrovascular accident that resulted in
dysphagia. He now has aspiration of gastric contents. The nurse assesses the
patient for which complication?
A. Pneumonia
B. Bronchiectasis
C. Pneumothorax
D. Emphysema ANSWER: A. Pneumonia
A 57-year-old male presents with cough, sputum production, dyspnea, and
decreased lung volume. He is diagnosed with pneumoconiosis. When taking the
patient's history, which finding is the most probable cause of his illness?
A. Inhalation of silica, asbestos, mica
B. Autoimmune disease
C. Allergic reactions
D. Flail chest ANSWER: A. Inhalation of silica, asbestos, mica
A 10-year-old male is brought to the ER with prolonged bronchospasm and
severe hypoxemia. The most likely diagnosis on the chart is:
A. Exercise-induced asthma
B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
C. Status asthmaticus
D. Bronchiectasis ANSWER: C. Status asthmaticus
A 25-year-old male presents with chronic bronchitis of 5 months' duration. When
obtaining the patient's history, which of the following findings is most likely to
cause this condition?
A. Chronic asthma
B. Air pollution
C. Cigarette smoke
D. Recurrent pneumonias ANSWER: C. Cigarette smoke
NR283/ NR 283 FINAL EXAM: (NEW 2026/
2027 UPDATE) PATHOPHYSIOLOGY REVIEW|
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
(VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
What is the appropriate term for a "fungal infection of the scalp"?
A. Tinea pedis
B Tinea corporis
C. Tinea capitis
D. Candidiasis ANSWER: C. Tinea capitis
which infections are caused by viruses? Select all that apply.
A. Erysipelas
B. Herpes simplex
C. Herpes zoster
D. Varicella
E. Furuncle ANSWER: B. Herpes simplex
C. Herpes zoster
D. Varicella
Which of the following skin conditions is benign?
A. Kaposi sarcoma
B. Actinic keratosis
C. Basal cell carcinoma
, 2
D. Melanoma ANSWER: B. Actinic keratosis
The nurse is describing the movement of blood into and out of the capillary beds
of the lungs to the body organs and tissues. What term should the nurse use to
describe this process?
A. Perfusion
B. Ventilation
C. Diffusion
D. Circulation ANSWER: A. Perfusion
Students in a histology class are assigned to identify regions of the lung. The slide
shows a basement membrane, capillary lumen, and macrophages. The students
are looking at the:
A. Trachea
B. Bronchioles
C. Alveoli
D. Bronchus ANSWER: C. Alveoli
An aide asks a nurse how surfactant works. How should the nurse respond?
Surfactant facilitates alveolar distention and ventilation by:
A. Decreasing thoracic compliance
B. Attracting water to the alveolar surface
C. Decreasing surface tension in alveoli
D. Increasing diffusion in alveoli ANSWER: C. Decreasing surface tension in
alveoli
A 30-year-old male is involved in a motor vehicle accident and sustains trauma to
the lungs and chest wall. He experiences respiratory failure. Which of the
following lab values would the nurse expect?
A. Electrolyte imbalances
B. Elevated PaCO2
C. Low hematocrit
D. Elevated pH ANSWER: B. Elevated PaCO2
, 3
A 65-year-old male recently had a cerebrovascular accident that resulted in
dysphagia. He now has aspiration of gastric contents. The nurse assesses the
patient for which complication?
A. Pneumonia
B. Bronchiectasis
C. Pneumothorax
D. Emphysema ANSWER: A. Pneumonia
A 57-year-old male presents with cough, sputum production, dyspnea, and
decreased lung volume. He is diagnosed with pneumoconiosis. When taking the
patient's history, which finding is the most probable cause of his illness?
A. Inhalation of silica, asbestos, mica
B. Autoimmune disease
C. Allergic reactions
D. Flail chest ANSWER: A. Inhalation of silica, asbestos, mica
A 10-year-old male is brought to the ER with prolonged bronchospasm and
severe hypoxemia. The most likely diagnosis on the chart is:
A. Exercise-induced asthma
B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
C. Status asthmaticus
D. Bronchiectasis ANSWER: C. Status asthmaticus
A 25-year-old male presents with chronic bronchitis of 5 months' duration. When
obtaining the patient's history, which of the following findings is most likely to
cause this condition?
A. Chronic asthma
B. Air pollution
C. Cigarette smoke
D. Recurrent pneumonias ANSWER: C. Cigarette smoke
