Test Bank For Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and Endovascular
Therapy, 2-Volume Set, 11th Edition
Authors: Anton N. Sidawy,Bruce A. Perler,Linda Harris
,Rutherford’s Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, 11th Edition
Chapter 1: Epidemiology and Research Methodology
1.
Which process is the earliest event in atherosclerosis?
A. Smooth muscle proliferation
B. Foam cell formation
C. Endothelial dysfunction
D. Plaque rupture
Answer: C
Reasoning: Endothelial dysfunction → increased permeability + leukocyte adhesion →
cascade begins.
Algorithm: Risk factors → endothelial injury → lipid deposition → inflammation → plaque.
Why others are wrong:
• A: Later phase
• B: After lipid uptake
• D: Late complication
2.
Primary driver of intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury:
A. Platelet aggregation
B. Smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation
C. Thrombosis
D. Vasospasm
Answer: B
Reasoning: SMC migration from media → intima → proliferation → restenosis.
Algorithm: Injury → cytokines → SMC activation → neointima.
,Incorrect:
• A: Initial but not main driver
• C: Secondary
• D: Temporary
3.
Critical limb ischemia is defined by:
A. ABI <0.9
B. Rest pain or tissue loss
C. Claudication only
D. ABI >1.0
Answer: B
Reasoning: CLI = chronic ischemia with rest pain/ulcers.
Algorithm: Claudication → lifestyle → progression → CLI.
Incorrect:
• A: PAD, not severe
• C: Mild disease
• D: Normal
4.
Most accurate hemodynamic measure of limb perfusion:
A. Pulse palpation
B. ABI
C. Toe pressure
D. Skin color
Answer: C
Reasoning: Toe pressure unaffected by calcification → more reliable in diabetes.
Algorithm: Suspected PAD → ABI → if calcified → toe pressure.
, Incorrect:
• A/D: Subjective
• B: False elevation possible
5.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is primarily mediated by:
A. Oxygen deprivation
B. Reactive oxygen species
C. Platelet aggregation
D. Vasodilation
Answer: B
Reasoning: Reperfusion → ROS → inflammation + cellular damage.
Algorithm: Ischemia → reperfusion → oxidative injury.
Incorrect:
• A: Ischemia phase
• C: Secondary
• D: Not causal
(Questions 6–15 follow same format; condensed for flow)
Therapy, 2-Volume Set, 11th Edition
Authors: Anton N. Sidawy,Bruce A. Perler,Linda Harris
,Rutherford’s Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, 11th Edition
Chapter 1: Epidemiology and Research Methodology
1.
Which process is the earliest event in atherosclerosis?
A. Smooth muscle proliferation
B. Foam cell formation
C. Endothelial dysfunction
D. Plaque rupture
Answer: C
Reasoning: Endothelial dysfunction → increased permeability + leukocyte adhesion →
cascade begins.
Algorithm: Risk factors → endothelial injury → lipid deposition → inflammation → plaque.
Why others are wrong:
• A: Later phase
• B: After lipid uptake
• D: Late complication
2.
Primary driver of intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury:
A. Platelet aggregation
B. Smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation
C. Thrombosis
D. Vasospasm
Answer: B
Reasoning: SMC migration from media → intima → proliferation → restenosis.
Algorithm: Injury → cytokines → SMC activation → neointima.
,Incorrect:
• A: Initial but not main driver
• C: Secondary
• D: Temporary
3.
Critical limb ischemia is defined by:
A. ABI <0.9
B. Rest pain or tissue loss
C. Claudication only
D. ABI >1.0
Answer: B
Reasoning: CLI = chronic ischemia with rest pain/ulcers.
Algorithm: Claudication → lifestyle → progression → CLI.
Incorrect:
• A: PAD, not severe
• C: Mild disease
• D: Normal
4.
Most accurate hemodynamic measure of limb perfusion:
A. Pulse palpation
B. ABI
C. Toe pressure
D. Skin color
Answer: C
Reasoning: Toe pressure unaffected by calcification → more reliable in diabetes.
Algorithm: Suspected PAD → ABI → if calcified → toe pressure.
, Incorrect:
• A/D: Subjective
• B: False elevation possible
5.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is primarily mediated by:
A. Oxygen deprivation
B. Reactive oxygen species
C. Platelet aggregation
D. Vasodilation
Answer: B
Reasoning: Reperfusion → ROS → inflammation + cellular damage.
Algorithm: Ischemia → reperfusion → oxidative injury.
Incorrect:
• A: Ischemia phase
• C: Secondary
• D: Not causal
(Questions 6–15 follow same format; condensed for flow)
