MILADY CIMA CHAPTER 5 - INFECTION CONTROL QUESTIONS ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026

MILADY CIMA CHAPTER 5 - INFECTION CONTROL QUESTIONS ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026 A mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs - Answers Cleaning A chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level. - Answers Sanitizing A chemical process that uses specific products to destroy harmful organisms on environmental surfaces. - Answers Disinfecting Created as part of the U.S. Department of Labor to regulate and enforce safety and health standards to protect employees in the workplace. - Answers OSHA OSHA - Answers Occupational Safety and Health Administration Requires that chemical manufacturers and importers assess and communicate the potential hazards associated with their products - Answers Hazard Communication Standard Required by law for all products sold. Include safety information about products compiled by the manufacturer - Answers Safety Data Sheets The SDS contains categories of information - Answers 16 Registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the United States - Answers Environmental Protection Agency Chemical products that destroy most bacteria (excluding spores), fungi, and viruses on surfaces. - Answers Disinfectants Designated by the EPA as being effective enough to be used in a hospital setting. They can be used on any nonporous surface in the salon - Answers Hospital disinfectants An item is made or constructed of a material that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquids - Answers Nonporous An abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, which makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function. - Answers Disease They are products made of quaternary ammonium cations and are designed for disinfection on non porous surfaces - Answers Quatz Proven to kill the bacteria that cause tuberculosis in addition to the pathogens destroyed through use of hospital disinfectants - Answers Tuberculocidal disinfectants A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing - Answers Tuberculosis Written by both federal and state legislatures that determine the scope of practice and that establish guidelines for regulatory agencies to make rules. Also called statutes. - Answers Laws Written by the regulatory agency or the state board, and they determine how the law must be applied. Establish specific standards of conduct and can be changed or updated frequently. - Answers Rules and Regulations The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens - Answers Infection Are the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms. - Answers Infection Control Disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms that enter the body. Can be spread from one person to another - Answers Infectious Disease Capable of destroying bacteria. - Answers bactericidal capable of destroying viruses - Answers Virucidal Capable of destroying fungi - Answers fungicidal One-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics are: - Answers bacteria Any organism of microscopic to submicroscopic size is a(n): - Answers Microorganism Harmless microorganisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm. - Answers nonpathogenic Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body. - Answers pathogenic Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching (including shaking hands), kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking. - Answers Direct transmission Single-cell organisms that grow in irregular masses that include molds, mildews, and yeasts. - Answers fungi Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object, such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface. - Answers Indirect transmission Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. - Answers Parasite Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms - Answers toxins A submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms. - Answers Virus Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups - Answers Cocci Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like bunches of grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules, and boils - Answers Staphylococci Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. They cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning - Answers Streptococci Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia - Answers diplococci Short, rod-shaped bacteria. They are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria - Answers bacilli Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria. They are subdivided into subgroups, such as syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease (STD), and Lyme disease - Answers spirilla The term used to describe self-movement (of bacteria) - Answers Motility Slender, hair-like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion - Answers Flagella The life cycle of bacteria consists of two distinct phases - Answers The active phase and inactive/spore forming phase In this phase bacteria grow and reproduce, and multiply best in warm, dark, damp, or dirty places. When they reach their largest size, they divide into two new cells - Answers Active phase The division of bacteria cells into two new cells called daughter cells. - Answers Binary fission The cells that are formed are called daughter cells and are produced every _________ minutes - Answers 20 - 60 The stage where a bacteria that is capable of forming a spore to protect itself does so to withstand an environment incompatible with its existence - Answers Spore forming phase Bacteria capable of producing a protective coating that allows them to withstand very harsh environments, and shed the coating when conditions become more favorable. - Answers bacterial spore A condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection; characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling. - Answers Inflammation A fluid created by infection. - Answers pus