Esthetics (Anatomy and physiology) Exam Test Questions and
Answers Graded A+
Anatomy The study of body structure
Physiology the study of how the body and its parts work or function
Histology the study of the microscopic structure of tissues
Basic unit of life. The cell is responsible for carrying on all
Cells
life processes.
The substance that makes up the living parts of cells. (First
Protoplasm
formed life)
What does the protoplasm contain? Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts and water.
Why are the nutrient materials present in the protoplasm They are necessary for cell growth, reproduction and
needed? self-repair.
Organelles are like tiny organs within cells.
Control center of the cell, important part of cell reproduc-
Nucleus
tion and metabolism.
Nucleoplasm Fluid inside the nucleus that contains proteins and DNA
What is DNA? genetic material
Powerhouse of the cell (takes in nutrients and converts
Mitochondria
them into energy)
(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells
ATP
use for most of their work
Neurons a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, ribosomes, lysosomes,
BONUS: cell structure
golgi apparatus, mitochondria
thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters
cell membrane
and leaves the cell. Also communicates with other cells.
Mitosis the division of the cell nucleus and its contents
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, Esthetics (Anatomy and physiology) Exam Test Questions and
Answers Graded A+
the chemical processes that occur within a living organism
Metabolism
in order to maintain life.
Tissue A group of similar cells that perform the same function.
Connective Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
What are the four types of tissue found in the body?
Nervous Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Constructive metabolism; the process of building up larg-
Anabolism
er molecules from smaller ones.
Metabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing
Catabolism
energy.
Osteology The study of anatomy, structure, and function of the bones.
What is another term for mitosis? Indirect division
integumentary system Consists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail
gives our bodies structure and protects major organs like
skeletal system
the heart, lungs, and brain
What are the five accessory organs to the skin? Receptors, hair, nails, oil and sweat glands
How many bones does the adult Skeleton have? 206 bones
Muscles are connected to bones by tendons. Bones are
How is the skeleton connected?
connected to each other by ligaments.
What are bones composed of? living cells, protein fibers, and calcium salts.
What gives bone its hardness? calcium salts
What gives bone its flexibility? collagen fibers
a tough supportive tissue that is softer and more flexible
What is cartilage?
than bone. (Protects bones from rubbing)
What is a joint? where two or more bones meet
What are the primary functions of the skeletal system?
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Answers Graded A+
Anatomy The study of body structure
Physiology the study of how the body and its parts work or function
Histology the study of the microscopic structure of tissues
Basic unit of life. The cell is responsible for carrying on all
Cells
life processes.
The substance that makes up the living parts of cells. (First
Protoplasm
formed life)
What does the protoplasm contain? Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts and water.
Why are the nutrient materials present in the protoplasm They are necessary for cell growth, reproduction and
needed? self-repair.
Organelles are like tiny organs within cells.
Control center of the cell, important part of cell reproduc-
Nucleus
tion and metabolism.
Nucleoplasm Fluid inside the nucleus that contains proteins and DNA
What is DNA? genetic material
Powerhouse of the cell (takes in nutrients and converts
Mitochondria
them into energy)
(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells
ATP
use for most of their work
Neurons a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, ribosomes, lysosomes,
BONUS: cell structure
golgi apparatus, mitochondria
thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters
cell membrane
and leaves the cell. Also communicates with other cells.
Mitosis the division of the cell nucleus and its contents
1/5
, Esthetics (Anatomy and physiology) Exam Test Questions and
Answers Graded A+
the chemical processes that occur within a living organism
Metabolism
in order to maintain life.
Tissue A group of similar cells that perform the same function.
Connective Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
What are the four types of tissue found in the body?
Nervous Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Constructive metabolism; the process of building up larg-
Anabolism
er molecules from smaller ones.
Metabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing
Catabolism
energy.
Osteology The study of anatomy, structure, and function of the bones.
What is another term for mitosis? Indirect division
integumentary system Consists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail
gives our bodies structure and protects major organs like
skeletal system
the heart, lungs, and brain
What are the five accessory organs to the skin? Receptors, hair, nails, oil and sweat glands
How many bones does the adult Skeleton have? 206 bones
Muscles are connected to bones by tendons. Bones are
How is the skeleton connected?
connected to each other by ligaments.
What are bones composed of? living cells, protein fibers, and calcium salts.
What gives bone its hardness? calcium salts
What gives bone its flexibility? collagen fibers
a tough supportive tissue that is softer and more flexible
What is cartilage?
than bone. (Protects bones from rubbing)
What is a joint? where two or more bones meet
What are the primary functions of the skeletal system?
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