HLWB105 exam prep questions and detailed correct answers

biomedical model - correct answers assumes that the body is separate from psychological and social processes of the mind WHO 1984 definition of health - correct answers a complete state of physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity Marks et al 2018 definition of health - correct answers health is a state of well being with satisfaction of physical, cultural, psychological, economic and spiritual needs, not simply the absence of illness 5 levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - correct answers self-actualization, esteem, love/belonging, safety, physiological What does Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs miss - correct answers agency autonomy spirituality biopsychosocial model - correct answers health and illness arise from the interplay of biological, psychological and social factors. issue with health psychology - correct answers the dominant ideology that makes individual's responsible for their own health what does cross cultural psychology emphasize? - correct answers cultural diversity what is cultural psychology skeptical about? - correct answers the ethnocentrism of contemporary psychology there is a strong gradient in measures of inequality to conclude that the poorer you are the..... - correct answers the lower your education more deprived your neighborhood is more likely you'll die young what is the inverse care law - correct answers The availability of medical care tends to vary inversely with the need for it in the population Systemic Discrimination - correct answers patterns of behavior, policies or practices that are part of the structures of an organization, create or perpetuate disadvantage for racialized persons health selection hypothesis - correct answers the poor get sick, not the sick get poor are risk factors shaped by the social environment? - correct answers yes materialist or political economy hypothesis - correct answers lack of material access causes sickness how many people approx in poverty are killed by diseases per year? - correct answers 14 million what are the three primary diseases of poverty? - correct answers HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis how many deaths in 2005 were tobacco related diseases? - correct answers 5.4 million the psychosocial hypothesis - correct answers stress of social hierarchy causes ill health what is the best practice in psychology? - correct answers RCTs Whanaungatanga - correct answers refers to relationships, kingship, sense of family connections What is culture? - correct answers a system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that when taken together constitute a design for living what are Kleinmans 3 health sectors - correct answers the popular sector, the professional sector, the folk sector what is the western definition of heatlh - correct answers absence of disease what percentage of the NZ population do Pacific people make up - correct answers 7.4% do indigenous people experience poorer health outcomes than non indigenous counterparts? - correct answers yes, they have worse access to health and education services how many people were forcibly displaced worldwide in 2015? - correct answers 65.3 million what should culturally sensitive staff be able to do - correct answers be able to reflect about their own beliefs and practices and acknowledge diversity in the community what should culturally appropriate materials, activities and systems do - correct answers address linguistic, cultural and social barriers what is gender diversity? - correct answers the umbrella term for a range of gender identities what is cisgender? - correct answers when biological sex and gender identity are the same what are gender roles? - correct answers cultural and societal social norms that are deemed appropriate for male and females what are gender relations? - correct answers social relations uniting women and men as social groups what is the gender paradox? - correct answers women get sicker, but men die quicker what are the biological explanations for gendered health and illness differences? - correct answers genetics, sex hormones what are the social and cultural explanations for gendered health and illness differences? - correct answers SES, gender roles, employment, social and cultural beliefs what are the gendered roles and behavioral explanations for gendered health and illness differences? - correct answers different health, illness and health reporting behaviour what does intersectionality mean? - correct answers people are often disadvantaged by multiple sources of oppression what does 'doing gender' tend to mean for men - correct answers engaging in riskier behaviours what does 'doing gender' tend to mean for women - correct answers attending to health and health care what is the health belief models aim? - correct answers to predict the likelihood of engaging in health-related behavior what is the protective motivation theory's aim? - correct answers to predict and change health behavior in what circumstance is the protective motivation theory moderately successful? - correct answers in predicting smoking cessation, cancer screening and nutrition what is the theory of reasoned action - correct answers social behavior is determined by attitudes about behavior in given social contexts and social perceptions and expectations what does the theory of reasoned action fail to do? - correct answers take into account human emotions, feelings, self efficacy and self esteem what is the theory of planned behavior? - correct answers behavior is complex and rarely controlled by or with as much rationality as the theory of reasoned action suggests what level of variability in health behavior did the theory of planned behavior account for? - correct answers 19% what are the are the six possible stages of the transtheoretical or stages of change model - correct answers pre-contemplation, contemplation, action, maintenance, process completion or relapse