Page 1 of 30
HSNS270 LEWIS MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING EXAM
NEWEST 2026 EXAM QUESTIONS LATEST VERSION
SOLVED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED
exam practice questions
A complete nutritional assessment including anthropometric measurements is
important for the patient who
a. has a BMI of 25.5 kg/m2.
b. complains of frequent nocturia.
c. reports a 5-year history of constipation.
d. reports an unintentional weight loss of 10 lb in 2 months.
ANS: d
Anthropometric measurements are gross measures of fat and muscle contents.
These measurements tend to be most beneficial when done serially. Anthropometric
measurements include height and weight, body mass index (BMI), rate of weight
change and amount of weight loss.
The nurse confirms the initial placement of blindly inserted small-bore NG
feeding tube by
a. XR
b. air insufflation
c. observing patient for coughing
d. ph measurement of gastric aspirate
ANS: a
NG tubes are radiopaque, making their position readily identified by X-ray.
Confirmation of placement is important prior to the commencement of feeding to
prevent aspiration pneumonia.
, Page 2 of 30
A patient is receiving peripheral parental nutrition. Parental nutritional solution
is completed before the new solution arrives on the unit. The nurse
administers
a. 20% intralipids
b. 5% dextrose solution
c. 0.45% saline solution
d. Hartmann's solution
ANS: b
Standard IV solutions of 5% dextrose and normal (0.9%) saline are essentially
isotonic. As such, this is an appropriate fluid to give to maintain patency of the IVAD
prior to the commencement of the new solution.
A patient with anorexia nervosa shows signs of malnutrition. During initial re-
feeding, the nurse carefully assesses the patient for
a. hyperkalaemia
b. hypoglycaemic
c. hypercalcaemia
d. hypophosphataemia
ANS: d
Re-feeding syndrome is characterised by fluid retention and electrolyte imbalances,
such as hypophosphataemia, hypokalaemia and hypomagnesaemia.
Hypophosphataemia is the hallmark of re-feeding syndrome and is associated with
serious potassium deficiency. Metabolic abnormalities such as hyperglycaemia,
hypokalaemia, hypophosphataemia and hypomagnesaemia must be monitored
closely by checking biochemistry results daily.
Which statement best describes the aetiology of obesity?
a. obesity primarily results from a genetic predisposition
b. psychosocial factors can override the effects of genetic in the aetiology of
obesity
c. obesity is a result of complex interactions between genetic and
environmental factors
d. genetic factors are more important than environmental factors in aetiology
of obesity
, Page 3 of 30
ANS: c
Obesity is the result of complex interactions between genetic and environmental
factors. Some factors are modifiable.
The obesity classification that is most often associated with cardiovascular
health problems is
a. primary obesity
b. secondary obesity
c. gyroid fat distribution
d android fat distribution
ANS: d
Android fat distribution is fat primarily located in abdominal area. Fat is also
distributed over upper body (neck, arms, shoulders). The health risks associated with
android fat distribution include: heart disease; diabetes mellitus; breast and
endometrial cancers; and more active visceral fat, causing decreased insulin
sensitivity, increased triglycerides, decreased HDL cholesterol, increased BP, and
increased free fatty acid release into the blood.
Health risks associated with obesity include (select all that apply)
a. colorectal cancer
b. rheumatoid arthritis
c. PCOS
d. non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
e. systemic lupus erythematosus
ANS: a,c,d
Colorectal cancer has been linked to hyperinsulinaemia, and oesophageal cancer
may be secondary to acid reflux caused by abdominal obesity. Non-alcoholic
steatohepatitis (NASH) is a condition in which lipids are deposited in the liver,
resulting in a fatty liver. NASH is associated with elevated hepatic glucose
production.
The best nutritional therapy plan for a person who is obese is
a. the Zone diet.
b. the Atkins diet.
HSNS270 LEWIS MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING EXAM
NEWEST 2026 EXAM QUESTIONS LATEST VERSION
SOLVED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED
exam practice questions
A complete nutritional assessment including anthropometric measurements is
important for the patient who
a. has a BMI of 25.5 kg/m2.
b. complains of frequent nocturia.
c. reports a 5-year history of constipation.
d. reports an unintentional weight loss of 10 lb in 2 months.
ANS: d
Anthropometric measurements are gross measures of fat and muscle contents.
These measurements tend to be most beneficial when done serially. Anthropometric
measurements include height and weight, body mass index (BMI), rate of weight
change and amount of weight loss.
The nurse confirms the initial placement of blindly inserted small-bore NG
feeding tube by
a. XR
b. air insufflation
c. observing patient for coughing
d. ph measurement of gastric aspirate
ANS: a
NG tubes are radiopaque, making their position readily identified by X-ray.
Confirmation of placement is important prior to the commencement of feeding to
prevent aspiration pneumonia.
, Page 2 of 30
A patient is receiving peripheral parental nutrition. Parental nutritional solution
is completed before the new solution arrives on the unit. The nurse
administers
a. 20% intralipids
b. 5% dextrose solution
c. 0.45% saline solution
d. Hartmann's solution
ANS: b
Standard IV solutions of 5% dextrose and normal (0.9%) saline are essentially
isotonic. As such, this is an appropriate fluid to give to maintain patency of the IVAD
prior to the commencement of the new solution.
A patient with anorexia nervosa shows signs of malnutrition. During initial re-
feeding, the nurse carefully assesses the patient for
a. hyperkalaemia
b. hypoglycaemic
c. hypercalcaemia
d. hypophosphataemia
ANS: d
Re-feeding syndrome is characterised by fluid retention and electrolyte imbalances,
such as hypophosphataemia, hypokalaemia and hypomagnesaemia.
Hypophosphataemia is the hallmark of re-feeding syndrome and is associated with
serious potassium deficiency. Metabolic abnormalities such as hyperglycaemia,
hypokalaemia, hypophosphataemia and hypomagnesaemia must be monitored
closely by checking biochemistry results daily.
Which statement best describes the aetiology of obesity?
a. obesity primarily results from a genetic predisposition
b. psychosocial factors can override the effects of genetic in the aetiology of
obesity
c. obesity is a result of complex interactions between genetic and
environmental factors
d. genetic factors are more important than environmental factors in aetiology
of obesity
, Page 3 of 30
ANS: c
Obesity is the result of complex interactions between genetic and environmental
factors. Some factors are modifiable.
The obesity classification that is most often associated with cardiovascular
health problems is
a. primary obesity
b. secondary obesity
c. gyroid fat distribution
d android fat distribution
ANS: d
Android fat distribution is fat primarily located in abdominal area. Fat is also
distributed over upper body (neck, arms, shoulders). The health risks associated with
android fat distribution include: heart disease; diabetes mellitus; breast and
endometrial cancers; and more active visceral fat, causing decreased insulin
sensitivity, increased triglycerides, decreased HDL cholesterol, increased BP, and
increased free fatty acid release into the blood.
Health risks associated with obesity include (select all that apply)
a. colorectal cancer
b. rheumatoid arthritis
c. PCOS
d. non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
e. systemic lupus erythematosus
ANS: a,c,d
Colorectal cancer has been linked to hyperinsulinaemia, and oesophageal cancer
may be secondary to acid reflux caused by abdominal obesity. Non-alcoholic
steatohepatitis (NASH) is a condition in which lipids are deposited in the liver,
resulting in a fatty liver. NASH is associated with elevated hepatic glucose
production.
The best nutritional therapy plan for a person who is obese is
a. the Zone diet.
b. the Atkins diet.
