NR572 Final Exam Questions and Answers| Latest
Update 2026 .,REAL EXAM.
After giving IV alteplase, what should be done 24 hours prior to initiating anticoagulants or antiplatelet
agents? - ANSWER💫✔️--A follow-up CT scan of the head
Indications of lumbar puncture - ANSWER💫✔️--CSF sample for examination; pressure measurements
(NPH); reduction in CSF pressure:; -infections; -SAH; -Inflammatory conditions; -MS; -carcinomatosis;
Spinal anesthetics, antitumor agents, antibiotics; radio-opaque substance radioactive agent:; -
cryptococcal meningitis; -hydrocephalus with communication between all ventricles; -pseudotumor
cerebri; -drug administration; Imaging; -myelography; -radionuclide cisternography
Contraindications of performing LP - ANSWER💫✔️--• Increased risk of fatal cerebellar or transtentorial
herniation; • Coagulopathy; • Infection over puncture site; • Spinal block requiring sample above lesion
Common complications of lumbar puncture - ANSWER💫✔️---Sciatic pain during needle insertion; -
Slowing of fluid removal (elevate patient head)
How is chronic meningitis diagnosed? - ANSWER💫✔️--On LP/CSF analysis or contrast MRI/CT showing
leakage into meninges. Meningeal biopsy if CSF not diagnostic.
,Differentials for chronic meningitis - ANSWER💫✔️---Partially treated suppurative meningitis; -
Paranmeningeal infection; -Mycobacterium TB; -Lyme; -Syphilis; -HIV; -HSV; -Malignancy; -SLE; -Behcet's
Indications for swallow evaluation - ANSWER💫✔️---Hx of dysphasia; -Observed dysphasia; -Suspected
aspiration; -Decreased oral intake; -Parenteral/enteral feeding
Medicare coverage of hospice - ANSWER💫✔️--• Prognosis of six months or less if illness runs normal
course; • Falls under Medicare Part A
Three common causes of acute ischemic stroke - ANSWER💫✔️--1- Anoxic injury; 2- Thrombosis in situ; 3-
Thrombotic embolism
In ischemic stroke, what area of damage is irreversible? - ANSWER💫✔️--Tissue death at occluded artery
(infarction core)
Penumbra - ANSWER💫✔️--Area around infarct, salvageable if blood flow restored
Risk factors for ischemic stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---Advanced age; -HTN
More risk factors for ischemic stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---HLD, DM, oral contraceptives, obesity, prior TIAs,
tobacco, MI, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, sickle cell, stimulant drugs, family hx CVA, cardiac abnormalities
Subjective signs of ischemic stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---Decreased LOC, dysarthria, facial droop, aphasia,
diplopia, visual deficits, sensory deficits, ataxia, hemiparesis, vertigo
Critical timeline info for CVA - ANSWER💫✔️--"Last known well"
BE FAST - ANSWER💫✔️--Balance, Eyes, Face, Arms, Speech, Time
, ACA - ANSWER💫✔️--Anterior cerebral artery
MCA - ANSWER💫✔️--Middle cerebral artery
PCA - ANSWER💫✔️--Posterior cerebral artery
Objective symptoms of ACA stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---Urinary incontinence; -Speech perseveration; -
Disinhibition; -Gait apraxia; -Primitive reflexes; -Altered mental status; -Impaired judgment; -
Contralateral leg>arm weakness
Objective symptoms of MCA stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---Gaze preference; -Agnosia; -Ipsilateral
hemianopsia; -Contralateral hemiparesis/hypesthesia
Objective symptoms of PCA stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---Impaired memory; -Cortical blindness; -Altered
mental status; -Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia; -Visual agnosia
Visual agnosia - ANSWER💫✔️--Inability to recognize objects
Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia - ANSWER💫✔️--Loss of vision in contralateral visual field
Contralateral hypesthesia - ANSWER💫✔️--Decreased touch perception on one side
Agnosia - ANSWER💫✔️--Inability to recognize familiar objects
DDx for ischemic stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---Drug toxicity; -Brain tumors; -Hypertensive encephalopathy; -
Conversion disorder
Conversion disorder - ANSWER💫✔️--Somatoform disorder with real symptoms and no physiological
basis
Update 2026 .,REAL EXAM.
After giving IV alteplase, what should be done 24 hours prior to initiating anticoagulants or antiplatelet
agents? - ANSWER💫✔️--A follow-up CT scan of the head
Indications of lumbar puncture - ANSWER💫✔️--CSF sample for examination; pressure measurements
(NPH); reduction in CSF pressure:; -infections; -SAH; -Inflammatory conditions; -MS; -carcinomatosis;
Spinal anesthetics, antitumor agents, antibiotics; radio-opaque substance radioactive agent:; -
cryptococcal meningitis; -hydrocephalus with communication between all ventricles; -pseudotumor
cerebri; -drug administration; Imaging; -myelography; -radionuclide cisternography
Contraindications of performing LP - ANSWER💫✔️--• Increased risk of fatal cerebellar or transtentorial
herniation; • Coagulopathy; • Infection over puncture site; • Spinal block requiring sample above lesion
Common complications of lumbar puncture - ANSWER💫✔️---Sciatic pain during needle insertion; -
Slowing of fluid removal (elevate patient head)
How is chronic meningitis diagnosed? - ANSWER💫✔️--On LP/CSF analysis or contrast MRI/CT showing
leakage into meninges. Meningeal biopsy if CSF not diagnostic.
,Differentials for chronic meningitis - ANSWER💫✔️---Partially treated suppurative meningitis; -
Paranmeningeal infection; -Mycobacterium TB; -Lyme; -Syphilis; -HIV; -HSV; -Malignancy; -SLE; -Behcet's
Indications for swallow evaluation - ANSWER💫✔️---Hx of dysphasia; -Observed dysphasia; -Suspected
aspiration; -Decreased oral intake; -Parenteral/enteral feeding
Medicare coverage of hospice - ANSWER💫✔️--• Prognosis of six months or less if illness runs normal
course; • Falls under Medicare Part A
Three common causes of acute ischemic stroke - ANSWER💫✔️--1- Anoxic injury; 2- Thrombosis in situ; 3-
Thrombotic embolism
In ischemic stroke, what area of damage is irreversible? - ANSWER💫✔️--Tissue death at occluded artery
(infarction core)
Penumbra - ANSWER💫✔️--Area around infarct, salvageable if blood flow restored
Risk factors for ischemic stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---Advanced age; -HTN
More risk factors for ischemic stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---HLD, DM, oral contraceptives, obesity, prior TIAs,
tobacco, MI, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, sickle cell, stimulant drugs, family hx CVA, cardiac abnormalities
Subjective signs of ischemic stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---Decreased LOC, dysarthria, facial droop, aphasia,
diplopia, visual deficits, sensory deficits, ataxia, hemiparesis, vertigo
Critical timeline info for CVA - ANSWER💫✔️--"Last known well"
BE FAST - ANSWER💫✔️--Balance, Eyes, Face, Arms, Speech, Time
, ACA - ANSWER💫✔️--Anterior cerebral artery
MCA - ANSWER💫✔️--Middle cerebral artery
PCA - ANSWER💫✔️--Posterior cerebral artery
Objective symptoms of ACA stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---Urinary incontinence; -Speech perseveration; -
Disinhibition; -Gait apraxia; -Primitive reflexes; -Altered mental status; -Impaired judgment; -
Contralateral leg>arm weakness
Objective symptoms of MCA stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---Gaze preference; -Agnosia; -Ipsilateral
hemianopsia; -Contralateral hemiparesis/hypesthesia
Objective symptoms of PCA stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---Impaired memory; -Cortical blindness; -Altered
mental status; -Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia; -Visual agnosia
Visual agnosia - ANSWER💫✔️--Inability to recognize objects
Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia - ANSWER💫✔️--Loss of vision in contralateral visual field
Contralateral hypesthesia - ANSWER💫✔️--Decreased touch perception on one side
Agnosia - ANSWER💫✔️--Inability to recognize familiar objects
DDx for ischemic stroke - ANSWER💫✔️---Drug toxicity; -Brain tumors; -Hypertensive encephalopathy; -
Conversion disorder
Conversion disorder - ANSWER💫✔️--Somatoform disorder with real symptoms and no physiological
basis
