GERONTOLOGY HESI RN Exam
Questions with 100% Correct Answers 2026
A+
1.. A client with Lewy body dementia is most likely to have:
A. Steady cognitive decline without fluctuations
B. Visual hallucinations, Parkinson-like symptoms, and fluctuating
alertness
C. Only memory problems
D. No sleep disturbances
Answer B
Rationale: Visual hallucinations and fluctuating cognition are hallmark
features of Lewy body dementia.
2. The nurse is teaching an older adult about influenza prevention. The
client says, “I got the shot last year, so I don’t need it this year.” The
best response is:
A. “You are correct.”
B. “The flu vaccine is recommended annually because the virus changes
every year.”
C. “One shot lasts for 5 years.”
D. “Only people under 65 need it yearly.”
,Answer B
Rationale: Annual vaccination is recommended due to antigenic
changes in influenza viruses.
3. When caring for an older adult with a pressure injury, the most
important nutritional need is:
A. High protein and adequate calories
B. Low protein diet
C. High carbohydrate, low fat
D. Fluid restriction
Answer A
Rationale: Protein is essential for wound healing, and older adults are at
high risk for protein-energy malnutrition.
3. An older client on multiple medications develops sudden urinary
incontinence. The nurse should:
A. Assume it is permanent
B. Assess for new medications (especially anticholinergics or diuretics)
or acute conditions
C. Immediately insert a Foley catheter
,D. Limit fluid intake
Answer B
Rationale: New-onset incontinence is often reversible and may be
caused by medications, infection, or other acute issues.
4. The overarching goal when caring for frail older adults is to:
A. Eliminate all risks
B. Promote safety while preserving dignity, autonomy, and quality of life
C. Make all decisions for the client
D. Focus only on physical needs
Answer B
Rationale: Person-centered care balances safety with respect for the
older adult’s dignity and preferences.
5. Which activity is most appropriate for an older client with short-term
memory loss and confusion in assisted living?
A. Current events discussion group
B. Arts and crafts
C. Daily exercise group
, D. Group sing-along
Answer C
Rationale: Exercise allows mirroring the leader and has lower cognitive
demand, reducing frustration. Activities requiring memory or attention
to detail can cause stress.
6. An older client on chronic hydrocodone/acetaminophen says, “I can’t
live without my pain pills” but denies addiction because “the doctor
prescribed them.” This is an example of:
A. Denial
B. Rationalization
C. Projection
D. Minimization
Answer B Rationalization
Rationale: The client justifies continued use to protect self-esteem.
Rationalization is common in substance use among older adults.
7. The home health RN visits an older client with chronic hypertension.
What is the most important evaluation each visit?
A. Ability to ambulate
B. Signs of dehydration
Questions with 100% Correct Answers 2026
A+
1.. A client with Lewy body dementia is most likely to have:
A. Steady cognitive decline without fluctuations
B. Visual hallucinations, Parkinson-like symptoms, and fluctuating
alertness
C. Only memory problems
D. No sleep disturbances
Answer B
Rationale: Visual hallucinations and fluctuating cognition are hallmark
features of Lewy body dementia.
2. The nurse is teaching an older adult about influenza prevention. The
client says, “I got the shot last year, so I don’t need it this year.” The
best response is:
A. “You are correct.”
B. “The flu vaccine is recommended annually because the virus changes
every year.”
C. “One shot lasts for 5 years.”
D. “Only people under 65 need it yearly.”
,Answer B
Rationale: Annual vaccination is recommended due to antigenic
changes in influenza viruses.
3. When caring for an older adult with a pressure injury, the most
important nutritional need is:
A. High protein and adequate calories
B. Low protein diet
C. High carbohydrate, low fat
D. Fluid restriction
Answer A
Rationale: Protein is essential for wound healing, and older adults are at
high risk for protein-energy malnutrition.
3. An older client on multiple medications develops sudden urinary
incontinence. The nurse should:
A. Assume it is permanent
B. Assess for new medications (especially anticholinergics or diuretics)
or acute conditions
C. Immediately insert a Foley catheter
,D. Limit fluid intake
Answer B
Rationale: New-onset incontinence is often reversible and may be
caused by medications, infection, or other acute issues.
4. The overarching goal when caring for frail older adults is to:
A. Eliminate all risks
B. Promote safety while preserving dignity, autonomy, and quality of life
C. Make all decisions for the client
D. Focus only on physical needs
Answer B
Rationale: Person-centered care balances safety with respect for the
older adult’s dignity and preferences.
5. Which activity is most appropriate for an older client with short-term
memory loss and confusion in assisted living?
A. Current events discussion group
B. Arts and crafts
C. Daily exercise group
, D. Group sing-along
Answer C
Rationale: Exercise allows mirroring the leader and has lower cognitive
demand, reducing frustration. Activities requiring memory or attention
to detail can cause stress.
6. An older client on chronic hydrocodone/acetaminophen says, “I can’t
live without my pain pills” but denies addiction because “the doctor
prescribed them.” This is an example of:
A. Denial
B. Rationalization
C. Projection
D. Minimization
Answer B Rationalization
Rationale: The client justifies continued use to protect self-esteem.
Rationalization is common in substance use among older adults.
7. The home health RN visits an older client with chronic hypertension.
What is the most important evaluation each visit?
A. Ability to ambulate
B. Signs of dehydration
