HESI RN Case Studies Med Surg Practice Exam Questions With Correct Answers Plus (Rationales)

HESI RN Case Studies Med Surg Practice Exam
Questions With Correct Answers Plus (Rationales)

An adult client who is hospitalized after surgery reports sudden onset of chest
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pain and dyspnea. The client appears anxious, restless, and mildly cyanotic. The
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nurse should further assess the client for which condition?
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A. Pulmonary embolism.
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B. Heart failure.
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C. Tuberculosis.
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D. Bronchitis. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A. Pulmonary embolism.
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Post-surgical clients are at an increased risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT),
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which may result in pulmonary embolism if the clot breaks off and travels to the
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lungs. Signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism include chest pain, dyspnea,
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anxiety, restlessness, and - in severe cases - cyanosis.
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Which information should the nurse obtain when performing an initial
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assessment of a client who presents to the emergency department with a painful
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ankle injury? (Select all that apply.)
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A. Quality of the pain.
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B. Signs of inflammation.
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C. Ankle range of motion.
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D. Muscle strength testing.
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E. Visible deformities of the joint. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A,B,C,E
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,A. Quality of the pain.
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B. Signs of inflammation.
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C. Ankle range of motion.
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E. Visible deformities of the joint.
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Initial assessment of a joint injury is performed to determine the extent of the
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damage. The nurse's initial assessment of a painful ankle injury should include
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pain quality, the presence of deformities, evidence of inflammation, and range of
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motion.


Which description of pain is consistent with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis?
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A. Joint pain is worse in the morning and involves symmetric joints.
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B. Joint pain is better in the morning and worsens throughout the day.
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C. Joint pain is consistent throughout the day and is relieved by pain medication.
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D. Joint pain is worse during the day and involves unilateral joints. - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔-A. Joint pain is worse in the morning and involves symmetric joints.
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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes joint pain and
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swelling. RA is characterized by pain that is worse when arising and involves
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symmetric joints. |




Which physical assessment finding should the nurse anticipate in a client with
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long-term gastroesophagealreflux disease (GERD)?
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A. Hoarseness.
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B. Dry mouth.
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, C. Mouth ulcers.
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D. Weight loss. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A. Hoarseness.
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Dyspepsia and regurgitation are the main symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux
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disease (GERD); however, hoarseness is one of the most common long-term
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symptoms of GERD due to the irritation of the reflux of gastric secretions.
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A client presents with chronic venous insufficiency. Which assessment finding
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should the nurse anticipate?
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A. Bilateral lower leg stasis dermatitis.
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B. Clubbing of fingers and toes.
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C. Intermittent claudication.
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D. Peripheral cyanosis. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A. Bilateral lower leg stasis
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dermatitis.


Clients who suffer from chroninc venous insufficiency often develop statsis
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dermatitis in the lower extremities. Statis dermatitis appear as brownish-red
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discoloration on the lower extremities at the ankles which can develop into stasis
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ulcers due to the pooling of the venous blood flow back to the heart.
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A client has been hospitalized with a femur fracture and is being treated with
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traction. Which action by the nurse is the priority when caring for this client?
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A. Assess neurovascular status.
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B. Change the client's position.
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C. Inspect the traction equipment.
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