Nutrition Exam Questions and Answers 2026 | Complete Revision questions
1. What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
Answer:
Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of energy. They are broken down into glucose,
which cells use for fuel.
Rationale:
The brain and muscles rely heavily on glucose for proper functioning. Carbohydrates help
maintain normal body metabolism and energy production.
2. Which nutrient is essential for growth and tissue repair?
Answer:
Protein.
Rationale:
Proteins contain amino acids necessary for building and repairing tissues, producing
enzymes, hormones, and supporting immune function.
3. What is the recommended major source of dietary fiber?
Answer:
Whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes.
Rationale:
Fiber improves digestion, prevents constipation, and helps regulate blood sugar and
cholesterol levels.
4. Which vitamin is mainly produced when the skin is exposed to sunlight?
Answer:
Vitamin D.
Rationale:
Sunlight triggers vitamin D synthesis in the skin, which helps calcium absorption and bone
health.
5. What mineral is most important for oxygen transport in the blood?
Answer:
Iron.
,Rationale:
Iron is a key component of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen
throughout the body.
6. What condition results from severe vitamin C deficiency?
Answer:
Scurvy.
Rationale:
Vitamin C deficiency weakens collagen formation, leading to bleeding gums, poor wound
healing, and fatigue.
7. Which type of fat is considered heart healthy?
Answer:
Unsaturated fats.
Rationale:
Unsaturated fats can help lower LDL (“bad”) cholesterol and reduce cardiovascular disease
risk.
8. Name one food rich in omega-3 fatty acids.
Answer:
Salmon.
Rationale:
Omega-3 fatty acids support heart health, brain function, and reduce inflammation.
9. What is the function of water in the body?
Answer:
Water regulates temperature, transports nutrients, removes waste, and supports cellular
activities.
Rationale:
Adequate hydration is essential for maintaining homeostasis and normal physiological
processes.
10. Which nutrient provides the most calories per gram?
Answer:
, Fat.
Rationale:
Fat provides 9 calories per gram, while carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 calories per
gram.
11. What is the role of calcium in the body?
Answer:
Calcium supports bone and teeth formation, muscle contraction, and nerve transmission.
Rationale:
Calcium deficiency increases the risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
12. Which disease is commonly linked to excessive saturated fat intake?
Answer:
Cardiovascular disease.
Rationale:
High saturated fat intake can raise LDL cholesterol, increasing the risk of heart disease.
13. What is BMI an abbreviation for?
Answer:
Body Mass Index.
Rationale:
BMI is used to estimate body fat based on height and weight and helps classify weight
categories.
14. What is the normal BMI range for adults?
Answer:
18.5–24.9.
Rationale:
This range is associated with lower risk for weight-related health complications.
15. Which vitamin is important for blood clotting?
Answer:
Vitamin K.
Rationale:
1. What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
Answer:
Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of energy. They are broken down into glucose,
which cells use for fuel.
Rationale:
The brain and muscles rely heavily on glucose for proper functioning. Carbohydrates help
maintain normal body metabolism and energy production.
2. Which nutrient is essential for growth and tissue repair?
Answer:
Protein.
Rationale:
Proteins contain amino acids necessary for building and repairing tissues, producing
enzymes, hormones, and supporting immune function.
3. What is the recommended major source of dietary fiber?
Answer:
Whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes.
Rationale:
Fiber improves digestion, prevents constipation, and helps regulate blood sugar and
cholesterol levels.
4. Which vitamin is mainly produced when the skin is exposed to sunlight?
Answer:
Vitamin D.
Rationale:
Sunlight triggers vitamin D synthesis in the skin, which helps calcium absorption and bone
health.
5. What mineral is most important for oxygen transport in the blood?
Answer:
Iron.
,Rationale:
Iron is a key component of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen
throughout the body.
6. What condition results from severe vitamin C deficiency?
Answer:
Scurvy.
Rationale:
Vitamin C deficiency weakens collagen formation, leading to bleeding gums, poor wound
healing, and fatigue.
7. Which type of fat is considered heart healthy?
Answer:
Unsaturated fats.
Rationale:
Unsaturated fats can help lower LDL (“bad”) cholesterol and reduce cardiovascular disease
risk.
8. Name one food rich in omega-3 fatty acids.
Answer:
Salmon.
Rationale:
Omega-3 fatty acids support heart health, brain function, and reduce inflammation.
9. What is the function of water in the body?
Answer:
Water regulates temperature, transports nutrients, removes waste, and supports cellular
activities.
Rationale:
Adequate hydration is essential for maintaining homeostasis and normal physiological
processes.
10. Which nutrient provides the most calories per gram?
Answer:
, Fat.
Rationale:
Fat provides 9 calories per gram, while carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 calories per
gram.
11. What is the role of calcium in the body?
Answer:
Calcium supports bone and teeth formation, muscle contraction, and nerve transmission.
Rationale:
Calcium deficiency increases the risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
12. Which disease is commonly linked to excessive saturated fat intake?
Answer:
Cardiovascular disease.
Rationale:
High saturated fat intake can raise LDL cholesterol, increasing the risk of heart disease.
13. What is BMI an abbreviation for?
Answer:
Body Mass Index.
Rationale:
BMI is used to estimate body fat based on height and weight and helps classify weight
categories.
14. What is the normal BMI range for adults?
Answer:
18.5–24.9.
Rationale:
This range is associated with lower risk for weight-related health complications.
15. Which vitamin is important for blood clotting?
Answer:
Vitamin K.
Rationale:
