JUDGMENT TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+ FULL REVIEW
GUIDE
●● Lisinopril
Answer: Class: ACE inhibitor; Action: Blocks angiotensin I → II;
promotes vasodilation; Uses: Hypertension, HF, post-MI; Side Effects:
Dry cough, hyperkalemia, hypotension, angioedema; Nursing: Monitor
BP, K⁺, renal function; stop if angioedema.
●● Digoxin
Answer: Class: Cardiac glycoside; Action: Increases contractility, slows
HR; Uses: HF, atrial fibrillation; Toxicity: N/V, vision halos,
bradycardia; Nursing: Apical pulse 1 min (hold < 60), monitor K⁺, Dig
levels (0.5-2 ng/mL).
●● Dextran 40
Answer: Class: Plasma volume expander; Action: Increases oncotic
pressure → expands plasma volume; Uses: Hypovolemia, shock; Side
Effects: Fluid overload, anaphylaxis; Nursing: Monitor vitals, urine
output, pulmonary edema.
●● Spironolactone
, Answer: Class: Potassium-sparing diuretic; Uses: HTN, HF,
hyperaldosteronism; Side Effects: Hyperkalemia, gynecomastia,
hypotension; Nursing: Avoid high-K⁺ foods; monitor electrolytes & BP.
●● Albuterol
Answer: Class: Short-acting beta-2 agonist; Action: Relaxes airway
smooth muscle; Uses: Asthma, COPD; Side Effects: Tremors,
tachycardia, anxiety; Nursing: Use before corticosteroid inhaler; monitor
HR.
●● Ipratropium (Atrovent)
Answer: Class: Anticholinergic bronchodilator; Action: Blocks
acetylcholine in airway smooth muscle → bronchodilation; Uses:
COPD, asthma (maintenance); Side Effects: Dry mouth, cough, blurred
vision, urinary retention; Nursing: Not for acute attacks; rinse mouth
after use; avoid contact with eyes.
●● Gemfibrozil
Answer: Class: Fibrate; Action: Decreases triglycerides, increases HDL;
Side Effects: GI upset, gallstones, myopathy; Nursing: Monitor LFTs,
avoid with statins.
●● Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Answer: Class: Statin (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor); Action: Lowers
LDL/triglycerides, raises HDL; Side Effects: Hepatotoxicity, myopathy;
Nursing: Take in evening; monitor LFTs; avoid grapefruit juice.