NURS 5357 NEUROBIOLOGY EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026
What are the three major hypotheses of psychosis and their neurotransmitter networks? - Answers
Dopamine theory - hyperactive dopamine at D2 receptors in the mesolimbic pathway
Glutamate theory - NMDA receptor hypofunction
Serotonin theory - 5HT2A receptor hyperfunction in the cortex
Briefly explain the dopamine hypothesis of the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. -
Answers The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia consists of:
There is too much dopamine activity in the mesolimbic dopamine pathway, which leads to positive
symptoms (such as hallucinations and delusions).
There is also too little dopamine activity in the mesocortical dopamine pathway, which leads to
negative symptoms (such as blunting of affect, poverty of speech, anhedonia, and so on).
What pathway is responsible for regulating dopamine in the hypothalamus and affects the release of
prolactin? - Answers Tuberoinfundibular pathway
Drug-induced Parkinson's is caused by a decrease of dopamine in what pathway? - Answers
Nigrostriatal pathway
Brodmann's areas are differentiated by the: - Answers Cellular architecture
All of the following are true about the hippocampus except that it: - Answers Is disrupted by frontal
lobotomy
Which of the following statements is true about the cerebellum: - Answers Has been implicated in
autism.
Cytokines are involved with all of the following except: - Answers identifying T. pallidum
Which of the following is a possible explanation for schizophrenia: - Answers Excessive pruning
Possible explanations for the role of thyroid hormone in mood disorders include all of the following
except: - Answers Changes in GR's
All of the following are plausible theories on the etiology of schizophrenia except? - Answers
Dopamine hypothesis
Auditory hallucinations have been shown to activate which region on fMRI? - Answers Superior
temporal lobe
All of the following suggest white matter impairment in schizophrenia except? - Answers Significantly
reduced white matter volume
Evidence that GABA interneurons are impaired in schizophrenia - Answers Reduced GAD67
All of the following support the reduced neuropil hypothesis except? - Answers oligodendrocyte
dysfunction
Evidence that schizophrenia is a biological disorder includes all of the following except? - Answers
Gliosis in the prefrontal cortex
Neurodevelopmental causes that could explain schizophrenia include excessive amounts of all of the
following except: - Answers Myelination
The NP's discuss a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia. The PMHNP knows that which of the
following groups of symptoms is most likely to be categorized as "negative symptoms" of
schizophrenia? - Answers Blunted affect, poor rapport, lack of spontaneity
There is a genetic contribution to some, perhaps all, forms of schizophrenia. In the case of
monozygotic twins who have identical genetic makeup, there is an approximately 50 percent chance
for them to develop schizophrenia. - Answers True
Princess, a 22-year-old female, presents with schizophrenia characterized by the presence of positive,
negative, cognitive, and affective symptoms. Which symptom dimension of schizophrenia is most
effectively treated with antipsychotics? - Answers Positive symptoms
Which of the following models is the best explanation for the persistence of tardive dyskinesia
symptoms in most patients after withdrawal of antipsychotic medication? - Answers All of the other
answers.
Treatment with dopamine 2 receptor antagonists/partial antagonists with antipsychotics may cause
secondary negative symptoms through their actions on which of the following pathways? - Answers
Mesolimbic/mesostriatal and mesocortical pathways
What part of the brain would be involved in the outcome of deciding to think something over before
acting on it? - Answers Frontal lobe
The limbic system is associated with which of the following: - Answers Survival instinct
What are the three major hypotheses of psychosis and their neurotransmitter networks? - Answers
Dopamine theory - hyperactive dopamine at D2 receptors in the mesolimbic pathway
Glutamate theory - NMDA receptor hypofunction
Serotonin theory - 5HT2A receptor hyperfunction in the cortex
Briefly explain the dopamine hypothesis of the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. -
Answers The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia consists of:
There is too much dopamine activity in the mesolimbic dopamine pathway, which leads to positive
symptoms (such as hallucinations and delusions).
There is also too little dopamine activity in the mesocortical dopamine pathway, which leads to
negative symptoms (such as blunting of affect, poverty of speech, anhedonia, and so on).
What pathway is responsible for regulating dopamine in the hypothalamus and affects the release of
prolactin? - Answers Tuberoinfundibular pathway
Drug-induced Parkinson's is caused by a decrease of dopamine in what pathway? - Answers
Nigrostriatal pathway
Brodmann's areas are differentiated by the: - Answers Cellular architecture
All of the following are true about the hippocampus except that it: - Answers Is disrupted by frontal
lobotomy
Which of the following statements is true about the cerebellum: - Answers Has been implicated in
autism.
Cytokines are involved with all of the following except: - Answers identifying T. pallidum
Which of the following is a possible explanation for schizophrenia: - Answers Excessive pruning
Possible explanations for the role of thyroid hormone in mood disorders include all of the following
except: - Answers Changes in GR's
All of the following are plausible theories on the etiology of schizophrenia except? - Answers
Dopamine hypothesis
Auditory hallucinations have been shown to activate which region on fMRI? - Answers Superior
temporal lobe
All of the following suggest white matter impairment in schizophrenia except? - Answers Significantly
reduced white matter volume
Evidence that GABA interneurons are impaired in schizophrenia - Answers Reduced GAD67
All of the following support the reduced neuropil hypothesis except? - Answers oligodendrocyte
dysfunction
Evidence that schizophrenia is a biological disorder includes all of the following except? - Answers
Gliosis in the prefrontal cortex
Neurodevelopmental causes that could explain schizophrenia include excessive amounts of all of the
following except: - Answers Myelination
The NP's discuss a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia. The PMHNP knows that which of the
following groups of symptoms is most likely to be categorized as "negative symptoms" of
schizophrenia? - Answers Blunted affect, poor rapport, lack of spontaneity
There is a genetic contribution to some, perhaps all, forms of schizophrenia. In the case of
monozygotic twins who have identical genetic makeup, there is an approximately 50 percent chance
for them to develop schizophrenia. - Answers True
Princess, a 22-year-old female, presents with schizophrenia characterized by the presence of positive,
negative, cognitive, and affective symptoms. Which symptom dimension of schizophrenia is most
effectively treated with antipsychotics? - Answers Positive symptoms
Which of the following models is the best explanation for the persistence of tardive dyskinesia
symptoms in most patients after withdrawal of antipsychotic medication? - Answers All of the other
answers.
Treatment with dopamine 2 receptor antagonists/partial antagonists with antipsychotics may cause
secondary negative symptoms through their actions on which of the following pathways? - Answers
Mesolimbic/mesostriatal and mesocortical pathways
What part of the brain would be involved in the outcome of deciding to think something over before
acting on it? - Answers Frontal lobe
The limbic system is associated with which of the following: - Answers Survival instinct
