TEST 22BANK 22FOR 22PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
229TH 22EDITION 22McCANCE 22ALL
22CHAPTERS 221-50 22QUESTIONS 22&
22ANSWERS 222025.
,Chapter 221-49
Chapter 2201: 22Cellular 22Biology
Rogers: 22McCance 22& 22Huether’s 22Pathophysiology, 229th 22Edition
MULTIPLE 22CHOICE
1. Which 22statement 22best 22describes 22the 22cellular 22function 22of
22metabolic 22absorption?
a. Cells 22can 22produce
22proteins.
b. Cells 22can 22secrete
22digestive 22enzymes.
c. Cells 22can 22take 22in
22and 22use 22nutrients.
d. Cells 22can 22synthesize
22fats.
ANS: 2 2 C
In 22metabolic 22absorption, 22all 22cells 22take 22in 22and 22use
22nutrients 22and 22other 22substances 22from 22their 22surroundings.
22The 22remaining 22options 22are 22not 22inclusive 22in 22their
22descriptions 22of 22cellular 22metabolic 22absorption.
DIF: Cognitive 22Level: 22Remembering
2. Where 22is 22most 22of 22a 22cell’s 22genetic 22information, 22including
22RNA 22and 22DNA, 22contained?
a. Mitochond
ria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: 2 2 C
The 22nucleus 22contains 22the 22nucleolus, 22a 22small 22dense
22structure 22composed 22largely 22of 22RNA, 22most 22of 22the
22cellular 22DNA, 22and 22the 22DNA-binding 22proteins, 22such 22as
22the 22histones, 22which 22regulate 22its 22activity. 22The
22mitochondria 22are 22responsible 22for 22cellular 22respiration
22and 22energy 22production.
Ribosomes’ 22chief 22function 22is 22to 22provide 22sites 22for
22cellular 22protein 22synthesis. 22Lysosomes 22function 22as 22the
22intracellular 22digestive 22system.
DIF: Cognitive 22Level: 22Remembering
,3. Which 22component 22of 22the 22cell 22produces 22hydrogen
22peroxide 22(H2O2) 22by 22using 22oxygen 22to 22remove 22hydrogen
22atoms 22from 22specific 22substrates 22in 22an 22oxidative
22reaction?
a. Lysosome
s
b. Peroxisom
es
c. Ribosome
s
d. Endosome
ANS: 2 2 B
, Peroxisomes 22are 22so 22named 22because 22they 22usually 22contain
22enzymes 22that 22use 22oxygen 22to 22remove 22hydrogen 22atoms 22from
22specific 22substrates 22in 22an 22oxidative 22reaction 22that 22produces
22H2O2, 22which 22is 22a 22powerful 22oxidant 22and 22potentially 22destructive
22if 22it 22accumulates 22or 22escapes 22from 22peroxisomes. 22Ribosomes
22are 22RNA-protein 22complexes 22(nucleoproteins) 22that 22are 22synthesized
22in 22the 22nucleolus 22and 22secreted 22into 22the 22cytoplasm 22through
22pores 22in 22the 22nuclear 22envelope 22called 22nuclear 22pore 22complexes.
22Lysosomes 22are 22saclike 22structures 22that 22originate 22from 22the
22Golgi 22complex 22and 22contain 22more 22than 2240 22digestive 22enzymes
22called 22hydrolases, 22which 22catalyze 22bonds 22in 22proteins, 22lipids,
22nucleic 22acids, 22and 22carbohydrates. 22An 22endosome 22is 22a 22vesical
22that 22has 22been 22pinched 22off 22from 22the 22cellular 22membrane.
DIF: Cognitive 22Level: 22Remembering
4. Which 22cell 22component 22is 22capable 22of 22cellular
22autodigestion 22when 22it 22is 22released 22during 22cell
22injury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi 22complex
c. Smooth 22endoplasmic
22reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: 2 2 D
The 22lysosomal 22membrane 22acts 22as 22a 22protective 22shield
22between 22the 22powerful 22digestive 22enzymes 22within 22the
22lysosome 22and 22the 22cytoplasm, 22preventing 22their 22leakage
22into 22the 22cytoplasmic 22matrix. 22Disruption 22of 22the
22membrane 22by 22various 22treatments 22or 22cellular 22injury
22leads 22to 22a 22release 22of 22the 22lysosomal 22enzymes, 22which
22can 22then 22react 22with 22their 22specific 22substrates, 22causing
22cellular 22self- 22digestion. 22The 22chief 22function 22of 22a
22ribosome 22is 22to 22provide 22sites 22for 22cellular 22protein
22synthesis. 22The 22Golgi 22complex 22is 22a 22network 22of
22flattened, 22smooth 22vesicles 22and 22membranes 22often 22located
22near 22the 22cell 22nucleus. 22The 22smooth 22endoplasmic
22reticulum 22is 22involved 22in 22steroid 22hormone 22production
22and 22removing 22toxic 22substances 22from 22the 22cell.
DIF: Cognitive 22Level: 22Remembering
5. Which 22cAMP-mediated 22response 22is 22related 22to 22antidiuretic
22hormone?
a. Increased 22heart 22rate 22and
22force 22of 22contraction
b. Secretion 22of 22cortisol
229TH 22EDITION 22McCANCE 22ALL
22CHAPTERS 221-50 22QUESTIONS 22&
22ANSWERS 222025.
,Chapter 221-49
Chapter 2201: 22Cellular 22Biology
Rogers: 22McCance 22& 22Huether’s 22Pathophysiology, 229th 22Edition
MULTIPLE 22CHOICE
1. Which 22statement 22best 22describes 22the 22cellular 22function 22of
22metabolic 22absorption?
a. Cells 22can 22produce
22proteins.
b. Cells 22can 22secrete
22digestive 22enzymes.
c. Cells 22can 22take 22in
22and 22use 22nutrients.
d. Cells 22can 22synthesize
22fats.
ANS: 2 2 C
In 22metabolic 22absorption, 22all 22cells 22take 22in 22and 22use
22nutrients 22and 22other 22substances 22from 22their 22surroundings.
22The 22remaining 22options 22are 22not 22inclusive 22in 22their
22descriptions 22of 22cellular 22metabolic 22absorption.
DIF: Cognitive 22Level: 22Remembering
2. Where 22is 22most 22of 22a 22cell’s 22genetic 22information, 22including
22RNA 22and 22DNA, 22contained?
a. Mitochond
ria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: 2 2 C
The 22nucleus 22contains 22the 22nucleolus, 22a 22small 22dense
22structure 22composed 22largely 22of 22RNA, 22most 22of 22the
22cellular 22DNA, 22and 22the 22DNA-binding 22proteins, 22such 22as
22the 22histones, 22which 22regulate 22its 22activity. 22The
22mitochondria 22are 22responsible 22for 22cellular 22respiration
22and 22energy 22production.
Ribosomes’ 22chief 22function 22is 22to 22provide 22sites 22for
22cellular 22protein 22synthesis. 22Lysosomes 22function 22as 22the
22intracellular 22digestive 22system.
DIF: Cognitive 22Level: 22Remembering
,3. Which 22component 22of 22the 22cell 22produces 22hydrogen
22peroxide 22(H2O2) 22by 22using 22oxygen 22to 22remove 22hydrogen
22atoms 22from 22specific 22substrates 22in 22an 22oxidative
22reaction?
a. Lysosome
s
b. Peroxisom
es
c. Ribosome
s
d. Endosome
ANS: 2 2 B
, Peroxisomes 22are 22so 22named 22because 22they 22usually 22contain
22enzymes 22that 22use 22oxygen 22to 22remove 22hydrogen 22atoms 22from
22specific 22substrates 22in 22an 22oxidative 22reaction 22that 22produces
22H2O2, 22which 22is 22a 22powerful 22oxidant 22and 22potentially 22destructive
22if 22it 22accumulates 22or 22escapes 22from 22peroxisomes. 22Ribosomes
22are 22RNA-protein 22complexes 22(nucleoproteins) 22that 22are 22synthesized
22in 22the 22nucleolus 22and 22secreted 22into 22the 22cytoplasm 22through
22pores 22in 22the 22nuclear 22envelope 22called 22nuclear 22pore 22complexes.
22Lysosomes 22are 22saclike 22structures 22that 22originate 22from 22the
22Golgi 22complex 22and 22contain 22more 22than 2240 22digestive 22enzymes
22called 22hydrolases, 22which 22catalyze 22bonds 22in 22proteins, 22lipids,
22nucleic 22acids, 22and 22carbohydrates. 22An 22endosome 22is 22a 22vesical
22that 22has 22been 22pinched 22off 22from 22the 22cellular 22membrane.
DIF: Cognitive 22Level: 22Remembering
4. Which 22cell 22component 22is 22capable 22of 22cellular
22autodigestion 22when 22it 22is 22released 22during 22cell
22injury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi 22complex
c. Smooth 22endoplasmic
22reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: 2 2 D
The 22lysosomal 22membrane 22acts 22as 22a 22protective 22shield
22between 22the 22powerful 22digestive 22enzymes 22within 22the
22lysosome 22and 22the 22cytoplasm, 22preventing 22their 22leakage
22into 22the 22cytoplasmic 22matrix. 22Disruption 22of 22the
22membrane 22by 22various 22treatments 22or 22cellular 22injury
22leads 22to 22a 22release 22of 22the 22lysosomal 22enzymes, 22which
22can 22then 22react 22with 22their 22specific 22substrates, 22causing
22cellular 22self- 22digestion. 22The 22chief 22function 22of 22a
22ribosome 22is 22to 22provide 22sites 22for 22cellular 22protein
22synthesis. 22The 22Golgi 22complex 22is 22a 22network 22of
22flattened, 22smooth 22vesicles 22and 22membranes 22often 22located
22near 22the 22cell 22nucleus. 22The 22smooth 22endoplasmic
22reticulum 22is 22involved 22in 22steroid 22hormone 22production
22and 22removing 22toxic 22substances 22from 22the 22cell.
DIF: Cognitive 22Level: 22Remembering
5. Which 22cAMP-mediated 22response 22is 22related 22to 22antidiuretic
22hormone?
a. Increased 22heart 22rate 22and
22force 22of 22contraction
b. Secretion 22of 22cortisol
