CHEM 111 FINAL PSU 2026 FULL REVIEW
SCRIPT QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥ Know how to calculate amount of energy released using E=m*c*ΔT.
Answer: E=energy, m=mass, c=specific heat, ΔT=change in temperature
⩥ What is meant by a small calorie "c" and a food calorie "C"? Answer:
A small calorie "c" is a scientific calorie and it is 1000x smaller than a
food calorie. Food calorie is 1000c and is how food is measured.
⩥ When walking, an average person burns 0.453 Food Calories/mile-
pounds. How many food calories does a 150-pound person burn after
walking a mile? If a peanut releases 5.7 Food Calories/g and an average
peanut weighs about 1 gram, then how many peanuts will you have to
eat to walk a mile? Answer: (150 lb)∙(.453C/mi-lb)=67.95 C/mi
(67.95C/mi)∙(1g/ 5.7 C) = 12g = 12 peanuts
⩥ Define spectroscopy. Answer: Study of the interaction of
electromagnetic radiation and matter.
⩥ Explain the difference between line and continuous spectrum, and
give an example of a source of each type. Answer: Continuous: contains
, all the frequencies of the emitted radiation within a region on the EM
spectrum. (Ex. the sun)
Line spectrum: only includes certain frequencies emitted by atoms in the
gas phase and is produced by excited atoms. (Ex. gases)
⩥ What kind of energy transitions were observed in this experiment?
Answer: Electronic energy transitions. (valence electrons)
⩥ Describe what is meant by the term "white light," and know the
wavelength range (in nm) that white light covers. List the colors of the
spectrum from the highest to the lowest frequency. Answer: White light
is apparent 'colorless' light from 400-750 nm. (Ex. light from the sun).
Lowest to highest: ROYGBV
⩥ Draw a sketch of your spectroscope, showing the path of the actual
rays, and the virtual rays, for the case in which you view a source that
emits only two wavelengths, one red and one blue. Answer:
⩥ Draw a typical "discharge tube", and explain what the purpose of this
setup is in this experiment. Answer: The discharge tube contains H gas.
The voltage source runs a current (electrons) through the discharge tube,
exciting the electrons in the gas. Its emission spectrum can then be seen
but it is only excited to certain levels so you can only see certain
frequencies.
SCRIPT QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥ Know how to calculate amount of energy released using E=m*c*ΔT.
Answer: E=energy, m=mass, c=specific heat, ΔT=change in temperature
⩥ What is meant by a small calorie "c" and a food calorie "C"? Answer:
A small calorie "c" is a scientific calorie and it is 1000x smaller than a
food calorie. Food calorie is 1000c and is how food is measured.
⩥ When walking, an average person burns 0.453 Food Calories/mile-
pounds. How many food calories does a 150-pound person burn after
walking a mile? If a peanut releases 5.7 Food Calories/g and an average
peanut weighs about 1 gram, then how many peanuts will you have to
eat to walk a mile? Answer: (150 lb)∙(.453C/mi-lb)=67.95 C/mi
(67.95C/mi)∙(1g/ 5.7 C) = 12g = 12 peanuts
⩥ Define spectroscopy. Answer: Study of the interaction of
electromagnetic radiation and matter.
⩥ Explain the difference between line and continuous spectrum, and
give an example of a source of each type. Answer: Continuous: contains
, all the frequencies of the emitted radiation within a region on the EM
spectrum. (Ex. the sun)
Line spectrum: only includes certain frequencies emitted by atoms in the
gas phase and is produced by excited atoms. (Ex. gases)
⩥ What kind of energy transitions were observed in this experiment?
Answer: Electronic energy transitions. (valence electrons)
⩥ Describe what is meant by the term "white light," and know the
wavelength range (in nm) that white light covers. List the colors of the
spectrum from the highest to the lowest frequency. Answer: White light
is apparent 'colorless' light from 400-750 nm. (Ex. light from the sun).
Lowest to highest: ROYGBV
⩥ Draw a sketch of your spectroscope, showing the path of the actual
rays, and the virtual rays, for the case in which you view a source that
emits only two wavelengths, one red and one blue. Answer:
⩥ Draw a typical "discharge tube", and explain what the purpose of this
setup is in this experiment. Answer: The discharge tube contains H gas.
The voltage source runs a current (electrons) through the discharge tube,
exciting the electrons in the gas. Its emission spectrum can then be seen
but it is only excited to certain levels so you can only see certain
frequencies.
